Nervous System I: Nervous Tissue Overview

False (B)

The cell body integrates information from dendrites and controls the neuron's activities.

<p>myelin sheath</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dendrites = Receive signals from other neurons Axon = Transmits signals away from the cell body Synaptic terminals = Release neurotransmitters Cell body = Integrates information and controls neuron activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Interneuron (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The myelin sheath gaps allow electrical signals to jump from one node to the next, speeding up signal transmission.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>interneuron</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transmitting nerve impulses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Synaptic terminals release neurotransmitters to pass signals to other neurons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>motor</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Schwann cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bipolar neuron (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Astrocytes support neurons in the CNS by maintaining the chemical environment of calcium and potassium. They also contribute to the structure of the brain by providing a framework for neurons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>dura mater</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Providing structural support to the spinal cord (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>gray matter anterior horn = Contains motor neurons that signal skeletal muscles for voluntary movement posterior horn = Contains sensory neurons that receive input from sensory receptors white matter = Contains myelinated axons and is responsible for transmitting signals up and down the spine spinal nerves = Transmits sensory and motor information between the spinal cord and the body central canal = Small fluid-filled space that runs the length of the spinal cord and contains CSF</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The epidural space serves as a cushion and provides a passageway for blood vessels and fat to further protect the spinal cord.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>filum terminale</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Subdural space (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The white matter in the spinal cord contains myelinated axons, which are responsible for transmitting signals (both motor and sensory) up and down the spine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>posterior median sulcus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Surround neuron cell bodies in ganglia and regulate the environment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The anterior root contains motor neurons that carry signals from the spinal cord to muscles and glands, while the posterior root contains sensory neurons that carry sensory information from the body to the spinal cord.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>subarachnoid space</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Providing a cushion for the CNS (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dispose of the saliva and rinse the graduated cylinder (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>the heart rate of the subject</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>water</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Collect saliva = Procedure 6 Measure pupil size = Procedure 7 Monitor heart rate = Procedure 8 Submerge face in water = Procedure 8</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>On the biceps tendon in the antecubital region (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Movement in the toes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>blunt</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dip it in drinking water and place it under the tongue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To cleanse the mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biceps Reflex = Tester strikes the biceps tendon to observe arm movement Triceps Reflex = Tester strikes the triceps tendon just above the olecranon Plantar Flexion Reflex = Tester runs a blunt object along the foot's sole Salivary Reflex = Tester stimulates the mouth to measure saliva production</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Produce more saliva in acidic solution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Slows heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stretch or Deep Tendon Reflexes (upper limb) = motor_n_04.mov Stretch or Deep Tendon Reflexes (lower limb) = motor_ab_09.mov Plantar Reflex = motor_ab_10.mov</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Slight plantar flexion of the foot (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biceps brachii</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>curling</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Achilles reflex = Gastrocnemius and soleus Patellar reflex = Vastus medialis, lateralis, and intermedius Biceps reflex = Biceps brachii Triceps reflex = Triceps brachii</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Slight extension of the forearm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Under 18 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>patellar</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Toes spread apart (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Collect saliva for three minutes; measure volume without bubbles.

Response of pupil size to light; indicates nervous system function.

Physiological response when face is submerged in cold water; affects heart rate.

Device that measures heart rate and blood oxygen levels.

The amount of saliva produced when using stimuli like glucose or lemon juice.

The part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.

The part of the nervous system outside the CNS, connecting it to limbs and organs.

Neurons that carry impulses from sensory receptors to the CNS.

Neurons that integrate information from sensory neurons and send it to motor neurons.

Neurons that carry impulses from the CNS to effectors like muscles or glands.

Tree-like structures that receive signals from other neurons and send the info to the cell body.

The central part of a neuron containing the nucleus and integrating information.

The neuron part that transmits electrical signals away from the cell body.

The ends of axons that release neurotransmitters to communicate with other neurons.

Cells that produce myelin in the PNS, speeding up nerve signal transmission.

A fatty covering around axons that insulates them and speeds up signal transmission.

Gaps in the myelin sheath along the axon that allow signals to jump, enhancing speed.

A neural pathway that controls reflex actions, involving sensory, interneuron, and motor neurons.

Chemical signals released by neurons to transmit messages across synapses.

Supporting cells in the nervous system that assist neurons in maintaining homeostasis.

A test to observe involuntary muscle movement in the biceps.

Hold elbow, strike biceps tendon, observe arm movement.

A test to assess the involuntary response of the triceps muscle.

Flex arm, hold wrist, strike triceps tendon, check for movement.

A reflex test to observe movement in the toes by stimulating the foot.

Remove shoe, use blunt object on foot, observe toe movement.

A demonstration of how saliva production is triggered by taste stimulation.

Rinse mouth, place swab under tongue, measure saliva volume.

Part of the nervous system controlling involuntary actions.

Glands that produce saliva, aiding digestion and oral health.

The action of the iris to decrease pupil size in response to light.

Reflex actions tested by tapping tendons, indicating nerve function.

A reflex that causes slight plantar flexion of the foot via gastrocnemius and soleus contraction.

A reflex leading to slight extension of the lower leg at the knee caused by quadriceps muscles.

Normal response where toes flex (curl) when the foot is stimulated.

An abnormal response in adults where toes spread when the sole is stimulated; normal in children under 18 months.

A major muscle involved in the Achilles reflex contributing to plantar flexion.

Muscle involved in the patellar reflex, aiding in extension of the knee.

The muscle responsible for flexion of the forearm at the elbow during the biceps reflex.

The muscle that facilitates extension of the forearm at the elbow during the triceps reflex.

Neurons with multiple dendrites and one axon, dominant in the CNS.

Neurons with one dendrite and one axon, located in the retina and inner ear.

Neurons with a fused axon and dendrite, found in the PNS.

CNS glial cells that support neurons and maintain ion balance.

CNS cells that produce myelin and wrap around axons.

Small mobile CNS cells that phagocytize debris and pathogens.

Ciliated CNS cells that help produce and circulate CSF.

PNS cells that support neuron cell bodies in ganglia and regulate environment.

Outermost and toughest layer of the meninges protecting the spinal cord.

Middle layer of the meninges with a web-like structure providing cushioning.

Innermost layer of the meninges, delicate with blood vessels directly contacting the CNS.

Space between dura mater and vertebral column that cushions and holds blood vessels.

Fluid-filled space that carries CSF along the spinal cord.

Groove that divides spinal cord into left and right halves.