Nervous System Fundamentals
18 Questions
2 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?

  • Central and peripheral (correct)
  • Sensory and motor
  • Brain and spinal cord
  • Autonomic and somatic
  • What is the purpose of assessing mental status in a nervous system assessment?

  • To elicit muscle stretch reflexes
  • To assess motor strength
  • To test cranial nerves
  • To evaluate cognitive function and consciousness (correct)
  • What is the primary function of cranial nerves?

  • To transmit sensory information from the face and head (correct)
  • To facilitate communication between the brain and spinal cord
  • To control voluntary muscle movements
  • To regulate autonomic functions, such as heart rate and blood pressure
  • What is the primary difference between Wernicke aphasia and Broca aphasia?

    <p>Type of language deficits exhibited</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern with a patient who presents with fever, night sweats, and weight loss in addition to a headache?

    <p>The patient may have a serious underlying infectious disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of grading muscle strength in a nervous system assessment?

    <p>To quantify muscle weakness or paralysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of assessing position sense in a nervous system assessment?

    <p>To assess proprioception and coordination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between primary and secondary headaches?

    <p>Underlying cause of the headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the likely nature of the patient's headache?

    <p>Benign due to its similar pattern to prior headaches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the likely cause of the patient's speech disorder?

    <p>Wernicke aphasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Broca aphasia?

    <p>Verbose, meaningless verbal expression but with sparing of language interpretation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the leading risk factor for both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke?

    <p>Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the risk of death from stroke within the next 12 months for patients with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) that resolve within 1 hour?

    <p>5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a benefit of public awareness campaigns for stroke recognition?

    <p>Decreased time for arrival to care for suspected stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the patient's recent head trauma in relation to the headache?

    <p>It is unlikely to have produced changes that lead to the headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the patient's speech disorder that is not affected?

    <p>Language interpretation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of not recognizing the signs of acute stroke?

    <p>Increased risk of death from stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of global aphasia?

    <p>Complete inability to communicate with others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Nervous System Fundamentals

    • Two important questions to consider in nervous system disorders: localization of the responsible lesion(s) and underlying pathophysiology
    • Nervous system divided into:
      • Central Nervous System (CNS): brain and spinal cord
      • Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): 12 pairs of cranial nerves and spinal and peripheral nerves, containing both motor and sensory fibers

    Cranial Nerves

    • Cranial nerves: 12 pairs, including sensory and motor fibers

    Nervous System Assessment

    • Assess mental status, cranial nerves, motor system, coordination, position sense, and sensory system
    • Test muscle strength and elicit muscle stretch reflexes
    • Use Reflex Grading Scale to assess reflexes

    Cerebrovascular Disease

    • Important to assess for cerebrovascular disease, including primary and secondary headaches

    Headaches Assessment

    • Key symptoms to prompt immediate investigation:
      • Concomitant fever, night sweats, and weight loss
    • Benign symptoms:
      • Headache similar in nature to prior ones
      • Headache comes and goes
      • Losing glasses causing squinting and headache

    Speech Disorders

    • Wernicke Aphasia:
      • Characterized by receptive and expressive aphasia
      • Usually due to a lesion in the posterior superior temporal lobe
    • Broca Aphasia:
      • Characterized by expressive aphasia with sparing of language interpretation
      • Usually due to a lesion in the posterior inferior frontal lobe

    Stroke Recognition

    • Risk factors for ischemic stroke:
      • Atrial fibrillation
      • Hypertension
      • Obesity with normal glucose tolerance
    • Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) that resolve within 1 hour confer a 5% risk of death from stroke within the next 12 months
    • Importance of rapid recognition and public awareness in suspected strokes

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Learn about the basics of the nervous system, including its division into central and peripheral nervous systems, and the functions of cranial nerves.

    More Like This

    Nervous System Anatomy and Physiology
    0 questions
    Pharma; Neuro
    170 questions

    Pharma; Neuro

    MomentousMorganite avatar
    MomentousMorganite
    Sistema Nervioso Periférico
    45 questions

    Sistema Nervioso Periférico

    EntertainingAutoharp avatar
    EntertainingAutoharp
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser