Nervous System Flashcards Chapter 10

Questions and Answers

Part of the brain responsible for coordinating muscle movements and maintaining balance:

Thalamus

Cerebrum

Pons

Hypothalamus

Cerebellum (correct)

Pertaining to muscles and nerves:

Polyneuritis

Neuronastomosis

Meningomyelocele

Myelogram

Myoneural (correct)

Neurotransmitter:

Acetylcholine (correct)

Sulcus

Cerebrospinal fluid

Myelin

Lymph

Part of the nerve cell that first receives the nervous impulse is the:

Dendrite Signup and view all the answers

Elevated portions of the cerebral cortex are called:

Gyri Signup and view all the answers

Burning sensation of pain:

Causalgia Signup and view all the answers

A network of interlacing nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system:

Plexus Signup and view all the answers

Portion of the brain that controls the pituitary gland, water balance, and body temperature:

Hypothalamus Signup and view all the answers

Glial cells:

Astrocytes Signup and view all the answers

Space between nerve cells is called the:

Synapse Signup and view all the answers

Part of the brain that controls breathing, heartbeat, and the size of blood vessels:

Medulla oblongata Signup and view all the answers

Inability to speak:

Aphasia Signup and view all the answers

Collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord:

Cauda equina Signup and view all the answers

X-ray record of the spinal cord:

Myelogram Signup and view all the answers

Collection of blood within the meningeal layers:

Subdural hematoma Signup and view all the answers

Abnormal sensation of tingling or prickling:

Paresthesia Signup and view all the answers

Inflammation of spinal nerve root:

Radiculitis Signup and view all the answers

A highly malignant brain tumor:

Glioblastoma Signup and view all the answers

Paralysis of four extremities:

Quadriplegia Signup and view all the answers

Cerebral aneurysm, thrombosis, or hemorrhage can be the cause of:

Cerebrovascular accident Signup and view all the answers

Fainting:

Syncope Signup and view all the answers

Spina bifida is associated with:

Meningomyelocele Signup and view all the answers

Parkinson disease is characterized by:

Shuffling gait Signup and view all the answers

Disorder of reading, writing, and learning is:

Dyslexia Signup and view all the answers

Condition of no nervous sensation:

Anesthesia Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Brain Functions

Cerebellum: Coordinates muscle movements and maintains balance.
Hypothalamus: Regulates the pituitary gland, water balance, and body temperature.
Medulla Oblongata: Controls breathing, heartbeat, and blood vessel size.

Nervous System Components

Myoneural: Related to muscles and nerves.
Neurotransmitter: A chemical messenger, specifically Acetylcholine, that transmits signals across synapses.
Glial Cells: Supportive cells in the nervous system, particularly Astrocytes.

Neural Structure

Dendrite: Part of a nerve cell that receives the nervous impulse first.
Plexus: A network of interlacing nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system.
Synapse: The space between nerve cells where communication occurs.

Abnormal Sensations and Disorders

Causalgia: Burning sensation of pain.
Dysesthesia: Abnormal sensation of tingling or prickling.
Aphasia: Inability to speak.

Spinal Cord and Nerves

Cauda Equina: Collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord.
Myelogram: X-ray recording of the spinal cord.

Hematomas and Inflammation

Subdural Hematoma: A collection of blood within the meningeal layers.
Radiculitis: Inflammation of the spinal nerve root.

Diseases and Conditions

Glioblastoma: Highly malignant brain tumor.
Quadriplegia: Paralysis of all four extremities.
Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA): Condition resulting from cerebral aneurysm, thrombosis, or hemorrhage.

Other Key Terms

Syncope: Fainting.
Meningomyelocele: Condition associated with spina bifida.
Dyslexia: Disorder impacting reading, writing, and learning abilities.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the nervous system with these flashcards from Chapter 10. Each card includes essential terms and their definitions, such as the roles of various brain parts and neurotransmitters. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of neuroscience.