22 Questions
Where are Upper Motor Neurons (UMNs) located?
In the prefrontal area association areas
What is the characteristic shape of Upper Motor Neurons (UMNs) cell bodies?
Pyramidal
Which area is responsible for organizing motor functions before they are initiated in the primary motor cortex?
Premotor area
What is the primary function of the Lower Motor Neurons (LMNs)?
Synapsing with skeletal muscle fibers
Where is the Primary Sensory Cortex located?
In the postcentral gyrus
What does the motor homunculus represent?
Proportional motor innervation across body parts
Where does the anterior association area, involved with intellect and cognition, reside?
Prefrontal cortex
Which area of the brain plays a role in recognizing patterns and faces?
Temporal lobe
What is the function of multimodal association areas in the brain?
Send inputs to multiple sensory areas
Which area provides emotional impact that helps establish memories?
Limbic system
What type of memory is contained in the prefrontal cortex?
Working memory
Which association area is involved in understanding written and spoken language?
Posterior association area
What is the name of the structure that sends a signal to the ectoderm, resulting in the formation of the neural plate?
Notochord
Which germ layer gives rise to the skin and nervous system during embryonic development?
Ectoderm
What is the evolutionary development of the anterior part of the central nervous system called?
Cephalization
Which primary vesicle arises from the hindbrain during embryonic development?
Metencephalon
Where does the cerebral cortex primarily located in the brain?
Outermost layer of the brain
Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is primarily responsible for conscious perception of auditory stimuli?
Temporal lobe
Which type of areas in the cerebral cortex are responsible for control of voluntary movement?
Motor areas
What is the main function of the primary motor cortex located in the frontal lobe?
Voluntary control of skeletal muscles
What is lateralization of cortical function in the hemispheres referring to?
The dominance of one hemisphere in specific functions
What is the role of ascending tracts in the nervous system?
Conduct sensory impulses to the brain
Test your knowledge on the embryological development and important divisions of the nervous system, sensory areas of the cerebral cortex, and the organization of the nervous system. This quiz covers key concepts discussed in Dr. Makhathini's lecture at the Department of Medical Biosciences.
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