Nervous System and Sensory Function

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Which of the following is the MOST direct example of the nervous system maintaining homeostasis?

Initiating a withdrawal reflex upon touching a hot surface.
Releasing hormones in response to stress.
Adjusting heart rate and digestion based on activity level. (correct)
Forming memories of past experiences.

A patient reports difficulty swallowing and loss of taste on the posterior part of their tongue. Which cranial nerve is MOST likely affected?

Facial nerve
Vagus nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve (correct)
Hypoglossal nerve

If a person is unable to shrug their shoulders, which cranial nerve is MOST likely impaired?

Trigeminal
Vagus
Accessory (correct)
Hypoglossal

Which division of the autonomic nervous system is MOST active when an individual is calmly reading a book?

Parasympathetic (C) Signup and view all the answers

A person experiencing a sudden drop in blood pressure would MOST likely have an issue with which part of the nervous system?

Autonomic nervous system (D) Signup and view all the answers

A patient is diagnosed with damage to the vestibulocochlear nerve. Which set of symptoms would you MOST expect to observe?

Balance problems and hearing loss (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is color blindness MOST often observed in males?

It is a sex-linked recessive trait on the X chromosome (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sensory experiences is a combination of multiple sub-senses?

Touch (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cranial nerves is responsible for controlling the muscles of facial expression?

Facial (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following BEST describes the role of the vagus nerve?

Regulates visceral organ function (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which structure serves as the primary link between conscious thought, emotions, and the function of internal organs?

Hypothalamus (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the brain stem?

Processing sensory information (D) Signup and view all the answers

A patient exhibits involuntary pupil dilation and an elevated heart rate. Which part of the nervous system is likely responsible for these changes?

Autonomic nervous system (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following physiological responses is primarily regulated by the parasympathetic nervous system?

Stimulation of digestion after a meal (C) Signup and view all the answers

During a car accident, a person's heart rate and breathing rate increase significantly. Which division of the autonomic nervous system is primarily responsible for these responses?

Sympathetic Division (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the enteric nervous system's primary role?

Regulating gastrointestinal function (A) Signup and view all the answers

Sciatica, characterized by pain radiating down the leg, is an example of what type of peripheral nervous system issue?

Nerve Root Compression (A) Signup and view all the answers

After a car accident, a patient is diagnosed with a coup-contrecoup injury. What does this type of injury involve?

Injury at the point of impact and on the opposite side of the brain (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which nervous system division allows a person to consciously move their arm?

Somatic nervous system (D) Signup and view all the answers

A patient reports numbness, impaired speech, and blurred vision. These symptoms are most closely associated with which neurological disorder?

Multiple Sclerosis (A) Signup and view all the answers

If a patient has damage to their spinal cord, disrupting the communication pathway between the brain and body, what is the primary function that is affected?

Two-way conduction of information (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the MOST likely initial symptom observed in a patient newly diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease?

Memory lapses (D) Signup and view all the answers

Damage to the spinal cord at the lumbar level would MOST likely result in:

Loss of muscle function in the legs (A) Signup and view all the answers

Outside of the spinal cord, nerve tissue becomes part of which nervous system?

Peripheral nervous system (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the sympathetic nervous system?

Preparing the body for fight, flight, or freeze responses (A) Signup and view all the answers

Homeostasis within the body involves unconscious regulation of visceral functions. Which part of the nervous system is responsible for this?

Autonomic nervous system (D) Signup and view all the answers

A concussion results from:

The brain hitting the inside of the skull due to rapid head movement (D) Signup and view all the answers

Hitting your 'funny bone', which causes a tingling sensation in your fingers, is an example of:

Nerve compression (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do the effects of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems on heart rate differ?

Sympathetic increases, parasympathetic decreases (A) Signup and view all the answers

If a patient is experiencing progressive difficulty with completing daily tasks (ADLs), along with increasing confusion and memory loss, which condition is MOST likely?

Alzheimer’s Disease (A) Signup and view all the answers

A patient reports experiencing dizziness upon standing up quickly. Which condition is most likely causing this symptom?

Orthostatic hypotension (C) Signup and view all the answers

Sensory nerves play a crucial role in transmitting information. What type of signals do they carry, and where do they transmit them?

Afferent signals from the environment to the CNS (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the PRIMARY function of the cerebellum?

Coordinating skeletal muscle movement and balance (D) Signup and view all the answers

If a patient has damage to their brainstem, which of the following functions would be MOST immediately threatened?

Regulation of heart rate and breathing (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the myelin sheath that surrounds certain nerve fibers?

To increase the speed of nerve impulse transmission (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following BEST describes the function of motor neurons?

Carrying signals from the brain to muscles or glands (C) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the inner ear from the outer and middle ear in terms of function?

The inner ear is involved in both hearing and balance, while the outer and middle ear are only involved in hearing. (C) Signup and view all the answers

If a person suffers a stroke that damages their cerebrum, which of the following functions would MOST likely be affected?

Conscious thought and language (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do dendrites contribute to the function of a neuron?

By receiving signals from other neurons or sensory receptors (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which cranial nerve is MOST directly associated with the functions of the inner ear?

CN VIII (Vestibulocochlear) (A) Signup and view all the answers

Nervous System Functions

Detects stimuli, analyzes information, responds, and regulates homeostasis.

Cranial Nerves

12 pairs of nerves serving primarily the head and neck.

List the Cranial Nerves

Olfactory, Optic, Oculomotor, Trochlear, Trigeminal, Abducens, Facial, Vestibulocochlear, Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, Accessory, Hypoglossal.