Nervous System 1: Basic Structures Workshop

Questions and Answers

Which bone is located near the frontal lobe?

Occipital bone

Frontal bone (correct)

Parietal bone

Temporal bone

The cerebellum is near the temporal bone.

False

What is the role of the spinal cord in the central nervous system?

The spinal cord transmits signals between the brain and the rest of the body.

Which arteries primarily supply the internal capsule with blood?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

The brainstem lies close to the _____ bone.

occipital Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components with their corresponding areas:

Frontal lobe = Frontal bone Temporal lobe = Temporal bone Cerebellum = Occipital bone Brainstem = Occipital bone Signup and view all the answers

Lipohyalinosis is characterized by the accumulation of a lipid substance within the vessel wall.

True Signup and view all the answers

What types of pathways does the internal capsule connect?

Ascending and descending fiber tracts Signup and view all the answers

The internal capsule is primarily composed of ______ matter.

white Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components of the nervous system with their functions:

Brachial Plexus = Nerve network supplying the arms Spinal Cord = Conduit for signal transmission Sensory Pathways = Carry signals to the brain Motor Pathways = Transmit signals from the brain to muscles Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Internal Capsule

Composed of white matter with ascending and descending fiber tracts connecting cerebral hemispheres to subcortical structures, brainstem, and spinal cord.
Receives vascular supply from anterior cerebral, middle cerebral, anterior choroidal, and internal carotid arteries.
Perforating arteries supplying the internal capsule are susceptible to lipohyalinosis, leading to ischemic damage.
Ischemic damage can manifest as significant motor and sensory deficits.

Lipohyalinosis

Refers to degenerative changes in small blood vessels characterized by a lipid accumulation in vessel walls.
Linked to conditions like hypertension and atherosclerosis, increasing the risk of small brain infarcts.

Neuroanatomy of the Skull

Frontal lobe is adjacent to the frontal bone.
Temporal lobe lies close to the temporal bone.
Cerebellum is associated with the occipital bone.
Brainstem is also near the occipital bone.
Spinal cord emerges from the C1 vertebra.

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Structures

Dorsal root: Carries sensory information to the spinal cord.
Dorsal root ganglion: Contains sensory neuron cell bodies.
Dorsal horn of grey matter: Processes incoming sensory information.
Ventral horn of grey matter: Contains motor neurons that send signals to muscles.
Intermediate zone of grey matter: Houses inter-neurons for local processing.
Ventral roots: Carry motor signals away from the spinal cord.
Spinal cord white matter: Comprises ascending and descending nerve tracts.
Spinal nerves: Mixed nerves containing both sensory and motor fibers.
Dorsal primary ramus: Branch of the spinal nerve that innervates the back.
Ventral primary ramus: Branch of the spinal nerve that innervates the front and limbs.

Cervical Region of the Spinal Cord

The cervical region includes eight spinal nerves (C1-C8) despite having only seven vertebrae.
Intervertebral foramina are openings in the vertebral column through which C1-C8 spinal nerves travel.

Description

Explore the fundamental structures of the nervous system in this engaging workshop. This quiz will test your knowledge of basic neuroanatomy and cerebrospinal fluid functions. Enhance your understanding and retention of important concepts related to the nervous system.