Nervous and Endocrine Systems

Contents relate to the nervous and endocrine systems.

Function of relation must be defined.

Differences between the nervous and endocrine systems should be identified.

Cells constituting nervous tissue, their functions (neurons and glial cells) are important to know.

Parts of a neuron should be labeled in a drawing.

Two connected neurons must be drawn, with description of impulse transmission along them (electrical) and in the synapse (chemical).

Main components of the nervous system are the the central nervous system (brain with its parts, spinal cord with its parts) and peripheral nervous system (nerves and classification).

The functional distinction between somatic and autonomic nervous systems must be understood.

Principal functions of different parts of the central nervous system have to be named.

The seven elements participating in the nervous system's operation have to be identified, differentiated.

Each element includes: stimulus → receptor → peripheral nervous system → central nervous system → peripheral nervous system → effector → response

This scheme has to be applied to any voluntary or reflex action of the nervous system.

Three types of nervous system responses should be distinguished: voluntary acts (cerebral cortex), reflex acts (spinal cord), autonomous or vegetative acts (hypothalamus).

The controller of each response must be identified.

Reflex act definition, a representative drawing, including the spinal cord, spinal nerves leaving it with ganglia, sensory and motor neurons (and association, if desired), is required.

The seven steps of the reflex response should be indicated in a specific case or example.

The autonomic nervous system needs to be defined, with differentiation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems within it.

Situations in which each acts and at least five responses each provokes should be identified.

The names and locations of different endocrine glands in the body are important.

Hormones secreted by each gland and their functions need to be named.

Some diseases related to the nervous system (Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, stroke, paraplegia) and/or endocrine system (hyper or hypothyroidism, goiter, diabetes, dwarfism) should be known.

Ways in which the nervous and endocrine systems control functions of the body must be explained with examples.