Nerve Injuries and Compression

A patient reports an altered sensation after a nerve injury. If the architecture of the nerve is preserved, but the axons are severely damaged, which type of degeneration is MOST likely occurring?

During a monofilament test, you are assessing protective sensation on a patient's foot. According to established guidelines, what is the MINIMUM monofilament gauge that indicates a loss of protective sensation on the plantar surface?

You're instructing a student physical therapist on performing monofilament testing. Which instruction is MOST accurate regarding the application of the monofilament?

When performing a somatosensory examination, what is the MOST appropriate way to ensure the reliability and validity of the results?

A patient reports pain and paresthesia in their forearm and hand, especially when performing repetitive tasks. The therapist suspects a 'double crush' syndrome. Which statement BEST describes this condition?

A patient presents with limited shoulder abduction and external rotation due to suspected neural tension. Which of the following BEST describes neural tension?

During a lower extremity evaluation, a therapist notes significant edema in a patient's ankle. Upon palpation, a deep indentation is observed that lasts longer than 30 seconds after pressure is released. How should the therapist document the pitting edema?

A physical therapist is measuring a patient's ankle range of motion (ROM). What is the MINIMAL change in ROM measurements between two different therapists (intertester) that would indicate a true change has occurred, rather than measurement error?

In a research study, physical therapists are using goniometers to measure knee joint angles. What is the typical standard error of measurement (SEM) associated with goniometric measurements?

A researcher is evaluating the effectiveness of a new intervention for improving balance. What does the acronym 'MCID' represent in the context of outcome measures, and why is it important?

After completing a functional outcome measure assessment, the therapist notes the patient's score has improved since the initial evaluation. What does this type of outcome measure tell the therapist about the patient?

A clinic is deciding whether to use a goniometer or inclinometer for a study. Which type of measurement would be MOST appropriate for this, regarding the properties of the measurement?

An elderly patient demonstrates a wide base of support and increased sway during quiet standing. Which aspect of balance is MOST compromised?

A patient stumbles while walking and takes a quick step forward to prevent a fall. Which type of balance control is MOST evident in this scenario?

A patient with impaired balance is being evaluated. When unexpectedly bumped by another person, the patient loses balance and requires assistance to prevent a fall. Which balance control is MOST impaired?

During a balance assessment, the physical therapist observes the patient primarily activating ankle muscles to maintain balance during small postural sway. What balance strategy is the patient utilizing?

A patient reports difficulty reaching for objects without losing their balance. Which sensory system is MOST likely contributing to this balance impairment?

A patient is being treated for balance deficits. The therapist asks the patient to stand on a foam pad with their eyes closed. This activity primarily challenges which sensory system's contribution to balance?

A patient with a history of stroke exhibits a postural deviation that significantly alters their center of mass (COM). Additionally, they have limited ankle range of motion (ROM). Which type of balance impairment is MOST likely contributing to their balance deficits?

A physical therapist is selecting an outcome measure to assess a patient's functional abilities after a total knee arthroplasty. Which of the following outcome measures is categorized as a 'self-report' measure?

A physical therapist is using the Oswestry Low Back Pain Questionnaire with a patient. What type of information does this test gather?

A therapist is treating a patient with balance deficits. Which of the following balance examination tests would be MOST appropriate for assessing anticipatory postural control?

During an evaluation, the physical therapist instructs a patient to take a step to regain their balance after being gently pushed. Which strategy is the patient employing?

A physical therapist is reviewing the results of a diagnostic test for a patient. The test has high 'specificity'. What does this indicate about the test's ability?

A researcher is evaluating a new clinical measurement tool. They want to determine if the tool consistently measures what it is intended to measure. Which aspect of the measurement tool are they assessing?

A physical therapist is assessing the inter-rater reliability of a new goniometer placement technique. What aspect of the measurement process is being evaluated?

When deciding whether or not to use a new assessment tool in their clinic, a physical therapist considers several factors. Which of the following is a consideration of clinical utility?

A researcher is assessing the reliability of a new measurement tool. They administer the tool to the same subjects on two separate occasions and compare the scores. Which type of reliability is being assessed?

Which of the following BEST describes the purpose of likelihood ratios in interpreting diagnostic test results?

What is the MOST appropriate stimulus for stimulating mechanoreceptors during a sensory examination?

What term BEST describes a condition involving compression or damage to a nerve root?

A patient is diagnosed with a condition affecting the brachial plexus. What term BEST describes this type of nerve involvement?

A patient presents with sensory and motor deficits in a single peripheral nerve distribution. What term BEST describes this type of nerve involvement?

A patient is diagnosed with polyneuropathy. What other condition is most closely related to this diagnosis?

What is the name of a mild, temporary nerve injury that typically results in full recovery?

A patient experienced a severe laceration that completely severed a peripheral nerve. Which type of nerve injury is MOST likely?

Which structure is destroyed in a Neurotmesis?

Which of the following is an example of items that are used for light touch awareness?