Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are the functional units of the kidney?
What are the functional units of the kidney?
- Nephrons (correct)
- Ureters
- Renal Medulla
- Renal pelvis
Approximately how many nephrons are in one kidney?
Approximately how many nephrons are in one kidney?
- 100,000
- 10,000
- 1 Million (correct)
- 10 Million
What type of filtrate do nephrons create?
What type of filtrate do nephrons create?
- Cell-free, protein-rich filtrate
- Cell and protein-rich filtrate
- Cell-rich, protein-free filtrate
- Cell and protein-free filtrate (correct)
What is the end result of the nephron's actions?
What is the end result of the nephron's actions?
What two main structures comprise a nephron?
What two main structures comprise a nephron?
Which structure surrounds the glomerulus?
Which structure surrounds the glomerulus?
Which of the following is part of the renal tubule?
Which of the following is part of the renal tubule?
Which of the following is a portion of the renal tubule?
Which of the following is a portion of the renal tubule?
What percentage of nephrons are cortical nephrons?
What percentage of nephrons are cortical nephrons?
Where are cortical nephrons located?
Where are cortical nephrons located?
Why are juxtamedullary nephrons important?
Why are juxtamedullary nephrons important?
What is produced by the glomerulus?
What is produced by the glomerulus?
What is returned from the filtrate back to the blood?
What is returned from the filtrate back to the blood?
Which of the following provides the kidney with the ability to regulate systemic blood pressure?
Which of the following provides the kidney with the ability to regulate systemic blood pressure?
What does the juxtaglomerular complex regulate?
What does the juxtaglomerular complex regulate?
What do granular cells sense?
What do granular cells sense?
What are the two capillary beds associated with nephrons?
What are the two capillary beds associated with nephrons?
What is the function of the peritubular capillaries and vasa recta?
What is the function of the peritubular capillaries and vasa recta?
Flashcards
Nephrons
Nephrons
The functional units of the kidney.
Renal corpuscle
Renal corpuscle
The initial blood-filtering component of a nephron.
Glomerulus
Glomerulus
A network of capillaries in the renal corpuscle that filters blood.
Capsule (glomerular)
Capsule (glomerular)
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Renal tubule
Renal tubule
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Proximal convoluted tubule
Proximal convoluted tubule
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Nephron loop
Nephron loop
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Distal convoluted tubule
Distal convoluted tubule
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Cortical nephrons
Cortical nephrons
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Juxtamedullary nephrons
Juxtamedullary nephrons
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Peritubular capillaries
Peritubular capillaries
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Vasa recta
Vasa recta
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Juxtaglomerular complex
Juxtaglomerular complex
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Study Notes
- Lecture 1B focuses on nephrons within the urinary system
Nephrons
- Nephrons are considered the functional units of the kidney
- Each kidney has approximately 1 million nephrons
- Nephrons produce cell and protein-free filtrate from blood
- Nephrons remove substances the body requires, add substances it doesn’t, ultimately creating urine
Nephron Components
- Nephrons consist of the renal corpuscle and renal tubule
- Renal corpuscles contain glomerulus and a capsule that surrounds the glomerulus
- Renal tubules include proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, and distal convoluted tubule,
Types of Nephrons
- Cortical nephrons comprise 85% of all nephrons
- Cortical nephrons are mainly located in the cortex
- Juxtamedullary nephrons sit near the cortex-medulla junction
- Juxtamedullary nephrons facilitate the production of concentrated urine, aiding in water conservation
Nephron Capillary Beds
- Capillary beds perform two key functions
- They produce filtrate in the glomerulus
- They return necessary substances from the filtrate back into the blood via peritubular capillaries and vasa recta
Juxtaglomerular Complex
- Juxtaglomerular complex contains important cells that regulate filtrate formation using the macula densa
- It regulates systemic blood pressure via granular cells that act as mechanoreceptors, sensing blood pressure and releasing renin as needed
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