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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the proximal tubule in the nephron?
What is the primary function of the proximal tubule in the nephron?
Which part of the nephron is specialized to develop urine with variable osmolality and solute composition?
Which part of the nephron is specialized to develop urine with variable osmolality and solute composition?
Why are the epithelial cells of the thin descending limb very thin and lack significant amounts of mitochondria?
Why are the epithelial cells of the thin descending limb very thin and lack significant amounts of mitochondria?
Which aquaporin isoform is abundant in the collecting duct and is regulated by vasopressin?
Which aquaporin isoform is abundant in the collecting duct and is regulated by vasopressin?
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Why is the ascending limb of Henle's loop referred to as the diluting segment?
Why is the ascending limb of Henle's loop referred to as the diluting segment?
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What is the primary function of the Na/K/2Cl cotransporter in the thick ascending limb?
What is the primary function of the Na/K/2Cl cotransporter in the thick ascending limb?
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Where is the Na/K/2Cl cotransporter isoform 2 specific to?
Where is the Na/K/2Cl cotransporter isoform 2 specific to?
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What happens to the urine in the distal tubule?
What happens to the urine in the distal tubule?
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Which hormone can modify calcium reabsorption in the distal tubule?
Which hormone can modify calcium reabsorption in the distal tubule?
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What is the role of the collecting tubule in the nephron?
What is the role of the collecting tubule in the nephron?
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What is the primary function of the Nephron?
What is the primary function of the Nephron?
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In the nephron, which segment is responsible for the reabsorption of almost all organic substrates?
In the nephron, which segment is responsible for the reabsorption of almost all organic substrates?
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What is the role of NaK ATPase in the nephron?
What is the role of NaK ATPase in the nephron?
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Which process leads to a drop in the pH of ultrafiltrate in the nephron?
Which process leads to a drop in the pH of ultrafiltrate in the nephron?
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What is the net effect of the late proximal tubule processes in the nephron?
What is the net effect of the late proximal tubule processes in the nephron?
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What is the primary mechanism for water reabsorption from kidney cells back into the blood?
What is the primary mechanism for water reabsorption from kidney cells back into the blood?
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What part of the kidney is responsible for excreting uric acid?
What part of the kidney is responsible for excreting uric acid?
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What dictates the movement of ionic flow in the nephron?
What dictates the movement of ionic flow in the nephron?
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What is the primary function of Carbonic anhydrase in the nephron?
What is the primary function of Carbonic anhydrase in the nephron?
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What is the consequence of accumulation of intracellular HCO3 in kidney cells?
What is the consequence of accumulation of intracellular HCO3 in kidney cells?
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What is the general rule dictating ionic flow across the nephron epithelium?
What is the general rule dictating ionic flow across the nephron epithelium?
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How is active transport of organic substrates across the nephron epithelium typically coupled?
How is active transport of organic substrates across the nephron epithelium typically coupled?
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What is the role of the NHE (Na/H exchanger) in the nephron?
What is the role of the NHE (Na/H exchanger) in the nephron?
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Which transport mechanism is responsible for reabsorption of NaCl in the late proximal tubule?
Which transport mechanism is responsible for reabsorption of NaCl in the late proximal tubule?
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What happens to uric acid in the proximal tubule of the nephron?
What happens to uric acid in the proximal tubule of the nephron?
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Which process leads to an acidic pH in the ultrafiltrate within the nephron?
Which process leads to an acidic pH in the ultrafiltrate within the nephron?
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What is the primary consequence of accumulation of intracellular HCO3 in kidney cells?
What is the primary consequence of accumulation of intracellular HCO3 in kidney cells?
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What causes water to be reabsorbed into peritubular capillaries from kidney cells?
What causes water to be reabsorbed into peritubular capillaries from kidney cells?
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What is a characteristic feature of aquaporin isoform abundantly present in the collecting duct?
What is a characteristic feature of aquaporin isoform abundantly present in the collecting duct?
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What effect does accumulation of organic substrates have on transporters in kidney cells?
What effect does accumulation of organic substrates have on transporters in kidney cells?
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What is the primary function of the thin descending limb in Henle's loop?
What is the primary function of the thin descending limb in Henle's loop?
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What is the primary function of the thick ascending limb in Henle's loop?
What is the primary function of the thick ascending limb in Henle's loop?
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What is a key characteristic of epithelial cells in the thin descending limb?
What is a key characteristic of epithelial cells in the thin descending limb?
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Which of the following ions is NOT reabsorbed in the thick ascending limb?
Which of the following ions is NOT reabsorbed in the thick ascending limb?
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What drives the movement of Na, Cl, and K into cells of the thick ascending limb?
What drives the movement of Na, Cl, and K into cells of the thick ascending limb?
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Which segment of Henle's loop has an extremely hypertonic interstitial fluid?
Which segment of Henle's loop has an extremely hypertonic interstitial fluid?
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Which aquaporin isoform is abundant in the proximal tubule and thin descending limb?
Which aquaporin isoform is abundant in the proximal tubule and thin descending limb?
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What happens to tubular fluid as it moves through Henle's loop?
What happens to tubular fluid as it moves through Henle's loop?
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What is a characteristic of the Na/K/2Cl cotransporter isoform specific to Henle’s loop?
What is a characteristic of the Na/K/2Cl cotransporter isoform specific to Henle’s loop?
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What is a feature of the collecting tubule in the nephron?
What is a feature of the collecting tubule in the nephron?
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