Neonatal Care Quiz

<p>Improved cognitive and motor development (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1 mg IMI (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased level of bilirubin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Within the first 12 hours of life (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Improved levels of ferritin in infants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To evaluate the need for resuscitation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Evaluating the newborn's feeding ability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Complete physical examination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thermoregulation ability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Progress of newborn adaptations to extra-uterine life (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gestational age (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Evaluate the infant's feeding ability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ongoing assessment within 1 to 4 hours (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2.5-4 kg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To identify the infant’s gender (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tachypnea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Within the first hour (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>100-160 bpm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cover both with a warm blanket (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Less than 2.5 kg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To keep the baby warm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Weight over the first 3-4 days (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>30-60 breaths per minute (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flexed arms and legs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Within 24 hours of birth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chest circumference (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent overestimation of pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Within the first 24 hours (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It should be kept clean and dry. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>At least 24 hours after birth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It acts as a protective barrier and moisturizer. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It should shrivel and blacken (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Keep the buttock air dry when skin is red. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3-4 stools (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>After the first 2 months. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ensuring hands are washed before handling. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wash with warm water each time. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>100-115 kcal/kg/day (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enhance parental knowledge on newborn care (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Initiate breastfeeding within 1/2 hour after birth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>General appearance and vital signs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dried completely and kept warm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Every 3 hours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lethargy and poor feeding behavior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Yellowing of the skin and eyes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbohydrates (A), Fat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>140-160 ml/kg/day (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Within the first hour after birth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Depressed fontanels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Up to 7% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1 oz/day (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By hand expression techniques (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Colostrum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Massive erythrocyte destruction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rapid meconium elimination (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>On day 3-4 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Jaundice lasts longer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Affects albumin binding capacity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Breastfeeding jaundice (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pregnanediol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It aids in meconium removal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pathological jaundice (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>340 µmol/L (B), 250 µmol/L (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Every 8-12 hours (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Severe jaundice with yellow palms and soles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Use transcutaneous bilirubin check whenever available (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It converts unconjugated bilirubin to a water-soluble form. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent severe jaundice and associated complications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dehydration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased glucose supplementation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Suspect pathological causes and investigate further (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Changes a newborn experiences transitioning from the womb to the outside world.

A system used to quickly assess a newborn's health immediately after birth.

The process of maintaining a stable body temperature in a newborn, who is less efficient than an adult.

A systematic examination of a newborn's body to identify any health concerns.

Assessing the age of the baby based on its physical development.

The nutritional needs of a newborn, including feeding methods like breast or bottle.

A yellowish discoloration of the skin and eyes in newborns, often related to bilirubin levels.

Newborns with potential health problems requiring specialized care.

The newborn receives a score between 0 and 2 in five categories for the Apgar assessment.

Delaying the clamping of the umbilical cord for several minutes after birth.

Transfer of blood from the placenta to the newborn through the umbilical vein after birth.

A medication given immediately after birth to prevent vitamin K deficiency bleeding.

Oral Vitamin K1 used for preventing vitamin K deficiency bleeding in newborns who cannot get the injection.

An injection to protect against Hep B infection, given within the first 12 hours if the mother has the virus.

A 0.5ml dose of Hepatitis B vaccine given intramuscularly (IMI) to every newborn.

Antibiotic eye ointment applied to newborns to prevent infection.

Identifying the newborn, showing to the mother, and applying an ID bracelet to the left wrist and foot.

Placing newborn on a protective liner, zeroing the scale, and recording weight.

Newborn weighing less than 2.5 kg.

Early contact between the mother and baby's skin, promoting bonding and breastfeeding.

Can be initiated during delivery, transfer to the postnatal ward or recovery room, and assessments or interventions within the first hour after birth.

Start breastfeeding within the first hour after birth, unless contraindicated.

30-60 breaths per minute, synchronous with abdominal movements, and without distress signals.

Tachypnea, nasal flaring, intercostal/subcostal retractions, grunting, suprasternal retractions, gasping, slow/depressed breathing, or apnea and cyanosis.

Over 100 beats per minute.

Mostly pink.

36.5-37.5°C (axillary)

2.5-4 kg for newborns at 37-41 weeks gestation.

32-37cm. Measured under the occiput above the eyes.

A condition where a newborn's body temperature is stable without needing to expend extra energy to stay warm.

Regularly checking a newborn's overall appearance, vital signs, skin, eyes, nose, mouth, cord, feeding, elimination, and sleep patterns.

A practice where the newborn stays in the mother's room 24 hours a day, promoting bonding and breastfeeding.

Feeding a newborn whenever they show signs of hunger, not following a strict schedule.

Starting formula feeding after the first 3-4 hours of birth, during the newborn's second period of alertness.

A newborn needs approximately 100-115 calories per kilogram of body weight each day in the first month.

Tests done on newborns to identify potential health issues early on.

The first bath can be delayed until at least 24 hours after birth, or even longer if there are cultural needs. This allows the newborn to adjust to the outside world and helps maintain their body temperature.

A newborn should pass urine within 12-24 hours of birth, and stool within the first 24 hours. The frequency of elimination increases in the following days. Normal urine output is at least 1 void in the first 24 hours, increasing to 3-4 voids by day 3-4. Stool frequency also increases, with at least 2 stools by day 3-4.

The umbilical cord should be kept clean and dry. It usually shrivels and blackens by day 2-3 and should fall off within 7-10 days.

Newborns' eyes should be cleaned with sterile normal saline (NS) or boiled cool water to prevent infection. This is essential because newborns can develop conjunctivitis (eye infection) due to exposure to bacteria during birth.

Delayed cord clamping (DCC) involves waiting several minutes after birth to clamp the umbilical cord. This allows for a natural transfer of blood from the placenta to the newborn, which can provide important benefits like increased iron stores and reduced risk of anemia.

Infants require 85-95 kcal/kg/day during their first year. Energy sources are: 50% fat, 40% carbohydrates, 6-8% protein.

Each ounce of breast milk or formula provides approximately 20 kcal.

A newborn's stomach grows rapidly, reaching 60-90 ml by the end of the first week.

Infants need 140-160 ml/kg/day of fluids. Supplementary water is not recommended before 6 months.

Newborns normally lose 3.5% of their birth weight in the first 3-4 days due to meconium and fluid loss. Breastfed infants may lose up to 7% (max 10%).

Newborns should regain birth weight by day 5 and exceed it by day 10-14. In the first month, infants should gain 1 oz/day on average.

Lack of calories can lead to tissue breakdown, weight loss, dehydration, delayed growth, and development problems.

Dehydration symptoms include depressed fontanels, rapid weak pulse, elevated temperature, concentrated urine, dry skin, and hard stools.

The creamy, cheese-like substance on a newborn's skin provides antimicrobial protection and moisturizes, helping them adjust to the new environment.

Changing diapers promptly, gentle cleaning with warm water, and keeping the skin dry can help prevent diaper rash.

Newborns are vulnerable to infections as they can't form antibodies until around 2 months old.

Keeping the umbilical cord clean and dry is essential to prevent infection until it falls off naturally.

Eligible female students in Primary 5 receive the first dose of 9-valent HPV vaccine starting from the 2019-20 school year.

A test performed on newborn's placental cord blood to check for G6PD enzyme activity levels. This helps identify infants at risk for G6PD deficiency, a genetic condition affecting red blood cells.

A common and usually harmless yellowing of the skin and eyes in newborns, caused by a temporary buildup of bilirubin. This is due to factors like rapid breakdown of red blood cells, immature liver, and delayed feeding.

Premature newborns are more likely to experience jaundice. This is because they have a shorter lifespan for their red blood cells, a slower gut function, and a less mature liver, leading to increased bilirubin levels.

A type of jaundice often seen in the first week of breastfeeding. It's caused by inadequate milk intake, leading to increased bilirubin reabsorption in the intestines.

A rarer type of jaundice that appears in the second week or later in breastfeeding babies. It's caused by a substance in breast milk that may inhibit the liver's ability to process bilirubin.

Jaundice is caused by an elevated level of bilirubin in the blood. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down. Indirect bilirubin is the unconjugated form that's harmful to the brain. Direct bilirubin is the conjugated form, which the liver processes and eliminates from the body.

The liver plays a vital role in eliminating bilirubin from the body. It conjugates the bilirubin, making it water-soluble, and allows it to be passed in the stool and urine.

When jaundice is caused by an underlying medical condition, it's called pathological jaundice. This can occur in newborns with blood disorders, infections, or metabolic problems. These situations need prompt medical attention.

A common, harmless yellowing of the skin and eyes in newborns, usually appearing after 24-36 hours of life.

Besides early onset, other signs include severe jaundice (yellow palms and soles), recurrent jaundice, rapid bilirubin rise, high direct bilirubin levels, or prolonged jaundice.

A device that measures bilirubin levels non-invasively through the skin, helping to determine the extent of jaundice.

A treatment using blue-green light to convert bilirubin into a water-soluble form, allowing the body to eliminate it.

A procedure to replace the baby's blood with donor blood when bilirubin levels are extremely high, potentially causing brain damage.

A medication that can stimulate the liver to break down bilirubin more efficiently.

Prevents NNJ through early detection, proper newborn care (preventing hypothermia, dehydration), and monitoring bilirubin levels.

Routine tests done on newborns, including monitoring for jaundice and checking bilirubin levels using tools like transcutaneous bilirubinometers.

Treatment options for NNJ include phototherapy, exchange blood transfusion, phenobarbitone to stimulate bilirubin breakdown, and addressing underlying causes.