Neonatal and Childhood Stroke

What is the greatest risk period for stroke in neonates?

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for stroke in neonates?

What are common signs of stroke in infants?

Which diagnostic tool is most commonly used to diagnose stroke in neonates?

What type of stroke occurs when a clot forms in one of the brain's veins in neonates?

What treatment is typically administered after birth for ischemic stroke in neonates?

What challenges are there in diagnosing stroke in neonates?

What is a possible developmental outcome for neonates who experience a stroke?

What is a common risk factor for stroke in children that differs from adults?

Which group of children is at a higher risk for stroke?

What symptom is NOT typically associated with stroke in children and teens?

What is the primary type of stroke commonly observed in children?

Which of the following treatments is currently used for strokes in children?

What is the risk of recurrent stroke in children who have already experienced one stroke?

How does pregnancy affect stroke risk?

What percentage of children with stroke may face permanent complications?

Neonatal Stroke

Occurs in approximately 1 in 4000 live births
Risk factors include chorioamnionitis, premature rupture of membranes during pregnancy, and maternal preeclampsia
Neonates are in a hypercoagulable state due to clotting factors crossing the placenta and an increased percentage of RBCs
Signs of stroke are often missed until the infant is several months old
Signs of stroke in infants include seizures, extreme sleepiness, and favoring the use of only one side of the body
Most common types are sinovenous thrombosis and arterial ischemic stroke
Treatment involves anticoagulant administration for ischemic stroke
Due to the plasticity of the newborn brain, damage can be minimized with healthy areas compensating for the damaged area
Some neonates develop permanent deficiencies such as cerebral palsy; epilepsy; or language, cognitive, or behavioral problems

Stroke in Children and Adolescents

Approximately 5 in 100,000 children between 1 month and 19 years of age have a stroke each year
Stroke risk factors for children include congenital heart defects, sickle cell disease, immune disorders, arterial diseases, abnormal blood clotting, trauma to the head or neck, and maternal history of infertility
The most common types of stroke in children are arterial ischemic stroke and sinovenous thrombosis
Children frequently recover their ability to speak and use of their arms and legs following a stroke
60% of children with stroke have permanent complications, including weakness, seizures, vision problems, hemiparesis, and hemiplegia
Children who have one stroke have a 15–18% risk for recurrent stroke
Treatment includes supportive care, controlling BP, increased ICP, and seizures, anticoagulant therapy, and surgery, if needed

Stroke in Pregnant Women

Increases the risk of stroke due to increased hormone levels and the effect on blood vessel walls and clotting
Increased BP associated with pregnancy, especially in patients with preeclampsia, also increases stroke risk
Stroke occurs in 33 out of 100,000 pregnancies
Treatment is the same as any other stroke in adults, although use of tPA is limited to eligible females only

This quiz explores the occurrence, risk factors, and signs of strokes in neonates and children. Learn about the most common types of strokes, treatment options, and potential long-term effects on development. Understand how early recognition and intervention can impact outcomes.