Neolithic Revolution and Agriculture

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Questions and Answers

What is the scientific name for rice?

Cocos Nucifera L.

Saccharum officinarum L.

Oryza sativa Linn (correct)

Zea mays L.

Which of the following plants is classified as a legume?

Peanut (correct)

Corn

Rice

Sugarcane

What is the scientific name for the Cavendish banana?

Musa textiles Nee

Mangifer indica L.

Ipomoea batatas Lam

Musa sapientum var. (correct)

Which of these is a primary agricultural product exported by the Philippines?

Coconut oil Signup and view all the answers

The average age of a Filipino farmer is around 53 years old.

True Signup and view all the answers

The ______ Revolution, also known as the First Agricultural Revolution, marked a shift from nomadic hunter-gatherer lifestyles to permanent settlements and farming.

Neolithic Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of the term "crop science"?

It refers to the study of cultivated crops, including their growth, development, and the establishment of principles for maximizing their benefits. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of agricultural crop is classified based on its use?

Agronomic Classification Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a characteristic of the Grass Family (Gramineae)?

Their stems are usually hollow and cylindrical. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following crops is NOT classified as a cereal?

Soybeans Signup and view all the answers

The term "forage crops" refers to plants that are grown for their dried seeds.

False Signup and view all the answers

What are the two Latin words that give rise to the term "horticulture"?

The words are "hortus", meaning garden, and "colere", meaning to cultivate. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of vegetable crops with their corresponding examples:

Leafy Vegetables = Pechay, Mustard, Lettuce Cole Crops or Crucifers = Broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower Root or Bulb Crops = Carrot, raddish, onion, garlic Legumes or Pulses = Pole Sitao, Winged Beans, Peas beans Solanaceous = Hot pepper and Finger Peppers, Tomato, eggplant Cucurbit (crops with tendrils) = Squash, cucumber, gourd Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a characteristic of a plantation crop?

Intensive labor-intensive farming practices Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following crops is NOT classified as an oil crop?

Sugarcane Signup and view all the answers

Which of these crops is NOT a beverage crop?

Rubber tree Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of ornamental plants?

Grown for decorative purposes in gardens and landscaping Signup and view all the answers

Cut flowers are flowers that have been removed from the plant for decorative purposes.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a turf plant?

Bermuda grass Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Neolithic Revolution

12,000 years ago, humans shifted from nomadic hunter-gatherer lifestyles to permanent settlements and farming.
Wild progenitors of crops (wheat, barley, peas) were traced to the Near East region.
Fig trees, prehistoric seedless fruits, were discovered in the Jordan Valley 11,300 years ago.
Cereals were cultivated around 9,000 years ago in Syria.
Rice and millet cultivation began around 6,000 BCE.
Oldest known rice paddy fields discovered in eastern China in 2007.

Plant Domestication

Wild progenitors of wheat, barley, and peas were traced to the Near East.
11,300 years ago fig trees with prehistoric seedless fruit were discovered in the Jordan Valley.
9,000 years ago cereals were cultivated in Syria.
Rice and millet farming date back to approximately 6,000 BCE.

Philippine Agriculture

The Philippines is primarily an agricultural country despite its plan to become industrialized by the year 2000.
Main agricultural crops include rice, corn, coconut, sugarcane, bananas, pineapple, coffee, mangoes, and tobacco.
Secondary crops are peanuts, cassava, camotes, garlic, onions, cabbage, eggplants, calamansi, rubber, and cotton.
Exported products include coconut oil, fruits, vegetables, bananas, and prawns, among others.
Coconut product exports were valued at $989 million in 1995 but declined to $569 million by 2000.
Important imported agricultural products include unmilled wheat, meslin, oilcake, soybean residues, malt, malt flour, urea, and fish meal, among others.

Crop Science

Plant: Any non-mobile organism in the plant kingdom lacking active locomotion or obvious sensory organs.
Crop: Cultivated plants grown for profit.
Science: Systematically collected and tested knowledge.
Theoretical/Basic Scientist: Brings knowledge to a crystallized state.
Applied Scientist: Turns knowledge into practical application.
Crop Science: Concerned with observing, classifying and establishing the principles of plant growth & development.
Crop Production: The art and science of cultivating plants to increase productivity while minimizing environmental impact.

Classification of Agricultural Crops

Agronomic Crops: Annual herbaceous plants grown extensively (wide-scale).
Legume Family (Leguminoseae): Has compound leaves with netted veins; flowers resembling butterflies; fruits in pods; roots with nitrogen-fixing nodules.
Grains/Cereals: Crops grown for their edible seeds (rice, corn, wheat, sorghum).
Legumes (for seeds): Plants like peanuts and soybeans.
Forages: Vegetable matter used as animal feed (grasses, legumes).
Root Crops: Food crops with enlarged roots (e.g., turnips, sweet potatoes, cassava, yams).
Fiber Crops: Plants grown for their fiber (e.g., cotton, ramie, flax).
Sugar Crops: Grown for their sweet juice/sugar content (sugarcane, sorghum, corn).
Drug Crops: Used for their medicinal properties (tobacco, mint).

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Description

Explore the transformative Neolithic Revolution that marked humanity's shift from nomadic lifestyles to settled agriculture. Learn about the domestication of plants, key crops originating in the Near East, and the significance of early farming practices around the world, including the Philippines. Test your knowledge on the pivotal moments in agricultural history.