Neoclassicism and Romanticism Overview

Questions and Answers

What is Neoclassicism?

In decorative and visual arts, the western trend that became popular from 1780 to 1840, inspired by ancient Greece and Rome's classical art and culture.

What is another name for Neoclassicism?

Age of Enlightenment

What period is Romanticism associated with?

1800-1810

What are the values of Neoclassicism?

Order, Solemnity Signup and view all the answers

What are the values of Romanticism?

Intuition, emotion, imagination Signup and view all the answers

What subjects were commonly portrayed in Neoclassicism?

Greek and Roman history Signup and view all the answers

What subjects characterized Romanticism?

Legends, Exotica, nature, violence Signup and view all the answers

What distinct features define Neoclassicism?

Reason, imitation, tradition, rules and order Signup and view all the answers

What distinct features define Romanticism?

Passion, originality, experimentation, freedom Signup and view all the answers

What are some characteristics of Neoclassicism?

Portrayal of human history, formal composition, use of diagonals Signup and view all the answers

What does Neoclassic painting emphasize?

Ideals of orders and moderation, realistic portrayals Signup and view all the answers

Name two notable Neoclassical artists.

Jacques Louis David, Jean-Auguste Dominique Ingres Signup and view all the answers

Who was Jacques Louis David?

An influential French painter known for historical subjects. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres?

A pupil of David, known for nudes, portraits, and mythological subjects. Signup and view all the answers

What are some famous works of Jacques Louis David?

Napoleon Crossing the Alps, Oath of the Haratii Signup and view all the answers

What are some famous works of Ingres?

Portrait of Napoleon on the Imperial Throne, The Apotheosis of Homer Signup and view all the answers

What does Neoclassic sculpture draw inspiration from?

Roman styles during the time of Alexander the Great Signup and view all the answers

Name two Neoclassical sculptors.

Antonio Canova, Berthel Thorvaldsen Signup and view all the answers

Who was Antonio Canova?

A prolific Italian artist and sculptor known for his marble sculptures. Signup and view all the answers

What are some famous works of Canova?

Psyche Awakened by Cupid's Kiss, Washington Signup and view all the answers

Who was Berthel Thorvaldsen?

First internationally acclaimed Danish artist known for mythological and religious characters. Signup and view all the answers

What are some famous works of Thorvaldsen?

Christ, Lion of Lucerne Signup and view all the answers

What type of architecture did Neoclassical architecture derive from?

Classical Greece and Rome Signup and view all the answers

What is the Temple style in architecture?

Based on ancient temples, characterized by peristyle. Signup and view all the answers

What is Palladian style?

Based on Andrea Palladio's styles of Villas, balusters or spindlers. Signup and view all the answers

What is Classic Block in architecture?

Rectangular or square with flat roof and exterior rich in classical details. Signup and view all the answers

Who is known as the Palladian architect of the Neoclassical period?

Robert Adam Signup and view all the answers

What are some famous works of Robert Adam?

White House, United States Capitol Signup and view all the answers

What does Romanticism aim to express?

A movement wanting to break new grounds in the expression of emotion. Signup and view all the answers

What themes are prominent in Romanticism?

Longing for history, supernatural elements, social injustice and nature Signup and view all the answers

What are some characteristics of Romanticism?

Height of action, emotional extremes, celebrated nature as out of control Signup and view all the answers

How did Romantic painting differ from other styles?

Gave more emphasis on emotion, artists expressed as much feeling Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Neoclassicism (1780-1840)

A significant trend in art and literature influenced by ancient Greek and Roman culture.
Also known as the Age of Enlightenment, promoting reason and order.

Romanticism (1800-1810)

An artistic movement focusing on emotion, individualism, and the presentation of sentimental experiences.

Core Values

Neoclassicism emphasizes order and solemnity.
Romanticism celebrates intuition, emotion, and imagination.

Subject Matter

Neoclassicism often features Greek and Roman history.
Romanticism draws inspiration from legends, exotica, nature, and themes of violence.

Distinct Features

Neoclassicism is characterized by reason and an emphasis on societal importance over individuality.
Romanticism prioritizes passion, originality, the natural world, and subjective experience.

Characteristics of Neoclassicism

Formal compositions and portrayal of human history, utilizing diagonals to convey emotion.
Classic geometric structures with attention to local color and lighting details.

Neoclassic Painting

Embraced moderation and realistic portrayals, focusing on authentic costumes and settings.

Key Neoclassical Artists

Jacques Louis David: Known for historical subjects and notable works like "Napoleon Crossing the Alps" and "Oath of the Haratii."
Jean-Auguste Dominique Ingres: A disciple of David, recognized for his nudes, portraits, and mythological themes, with significant works including "Portrait of Napoleon on the Imperial Throne" and "The Apotheosis of Homer."

Neoclassic Sculpture

Inspired by Roman styles and the aesthetics of the time of Alexander the Great.
Prominent sculptors include Antonio Canova and Berthel Thorvaldsen.

Notable Neoclassical Sculptors

Antonio Canova: An Italian artist celebrated for marble sculptures, including "Psyche Awakened by Cupid's Kiss" and "Washington."
Berthel Thorvaldsen: A Danish artist known for mythological and religious figures, famous for works like "Christ" and "Lion of Lucerne."

Neoclassical Architecture

Emerged in the mid-18th century, rooted in the designs of classical Greece, Rome, and Andrea Palladio.
Key architectural styles include Temple Style, Palladian Style, and Beaux-Arts Style.

Noteworthy Architects

Robert Adam: Known as the Palladian architect of the Neoclassical period, famous for significant structures like the White House and the United States Capitol.

Themes and Characteristics of Romanticism

Explores longing for history, supernatural elements, social injustice, and a deep connection with nature.
Features dramatic emotional extremes and heightened sensations in composition.

Romantic Painting

Place significant emphasis on emotional expression in portraits and figures, showcasing both subtle and intense feelings.

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Description

Explore the key characteristics and differences between Neoclassicism and Romanticism, two pivotal movements in art and literature from the late 18th to early 19th century. Discover how these movements were influenced by ancient cultures and how they approached themes of emotion, order, and individualism.