Neoclassical and Romantic Art Flashcards

Study Notes

Neoclassical Art

Spanning from 1760 to the present, Neoclassical art originated in Europe during the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
Aimed to revive classical themes from ancient Greece and Rome, emphasizing order and reason, aligning with the European Age of Enlightenment.
Characterized by simplicity and symmetry in art and architecture.

Romantic Art

Thrived in the 18th century, focusing on emotion, imagination, and intuition in artistic expression.
Often depicted themes of danger, conflict, heroic struggle, and adventure in exotic locales.
Artists sought to convey their emotional experiences, utilizing rich colors, strong diagonal elements, light and dark contrasts, and loose brushwork.

Atmospheric Perspective

An artistic technique used to create depth by rendering distant objects as less detailed, paler, and bluer than closer objects.
Also known as aerial perspective.

Cartoon

A full-size drawing or painting that acts as a preparatory guide for creating another artwork, including tapestries, stained glass, or frescoes.

Vignette

An artwork, such as a drawing or photograph, featuring edges that fade gradually, concentrating the viewer's attention on the central image, often shading into black or white.

The Third of May, 1808

Created by Francisco Goya in 1814, this painting powerfully conveys the horrors of war.
Illustrates Spanish civilians facing a faceless firing squad following the Madrid uprising.
Housed in the Prado Museum, Madrid.

Liberty Leading The People

Painted by Eugène Delacroix in 1830, commemorates the July Revolution that ousted King Charles X of France.
Features a woman symbolizing Liberty leading the populace over a barricade amid fallen bodies, wielding the flag of the French Revolution.
Located in the Louvre Museum, Paris.

The Raft Of The Medusa

An immense painting by Théodore Géricault created between 1818-1819, depicting the aftermath of the shipwreck of the French Méduse.
Showcases the fate of 147 people adrift on a raft after a shipwreck due to the captain's incompetence, with only 15 surviving starvation and dehydration.
This incident caused a significant international scandal and is displayed in the Louvre Museum, Paris.

The Slave Ship

Created by J.M.W. Turner in 1840, inspired by reading on the history and abolition of the slave trade.
Depicts a ship navigating a turbulent sea, with scattered human forms floating in the water.

Eugene Delacroix

A prominent French Romantic painter and muralist, recognized as a key figure in the Romanticism movement.
Notable works include "The Death of Sardanapalus" (1827) and "Liberty Leading the People" (1830).

Francisco Goya

A Spanish painter and printmaker noted for his significance in late 18th and early 19th-century art.
Considered both the last Old Master and the first modern artist, with "The Third of May 1808" as a key work.

William Turner

An English Romantic painter known for his emotive use of color, imaginative landscapes, and turbulent marine subjects.
Acknowledged for his notable work "The Slave Ship."

Napoleon Bonaparte

A French military leader and statesman, gained prominence during the French Revolution.
Led multiple successful campaigns during the Revolutionary Wars.

Description

This quiz provides a comprehensive overview of Neoclassical and Romantic Art through flashcards. Explore key terms, definitions, and historical contexts that shaped these influential movements in European art and architecture. Perfect for art history students and enthusiasts alike.