Neoclassical and Romantic Art Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is Neoclassicism?

It was born out of rejection of the Rococo and late Baroque styles.

What does Romanticism focus on?

It focuses on the modern or new rather than the traditional.

Who painted 'Napoleon Crossing the Alps'?

Jacques Louis David.

The word Neos means _______ and classicus means _______.

<p>new, first class.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Jacques Louis David?

<p>An influential French painter in the Neoclassical style.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is ‘Death of Marat’ by David about?

<p>It portrays a revolutionary martyr, specifically Jean-Paul Marat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres?

<p>A pupil of Jacques Louis David influenced by Italian Renaissance painters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of art is Antonio Canova known for?

<p>Marble sculptures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is Bertel Thorvaldsen?

<p>The first internationally acclaimed Danish artist.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Neoclassical Architecture based on?

<p>The styles of classical Greece and Rome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines Temple Style in architecture?

<p>A design based on ancient temples.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a peristyle?

<p>A row of columns around a building or court.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Palladian style?

<p>Based on Andrea Palladio's style of villa construction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a balustrade?

<p>A railing with vertical supports along the edge of a roof.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Robert Adam?

<p>The Palladian architect known for designing the White House and the U.S. Capitol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes Classical Block style?

<p>Features a rectangular or square plan with a flat roof and classical details.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who designed Bibliotheque Ste. Genevieve?

<p>Henri Labrouste.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Paris Opera House also known as?

<p>Palais Garnier.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one key aspect of Romanticism?

<p>The expression of emotion, both subtle and stormy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does landscape painting represent in the Romantic era?

<p>A romantic adoration of nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are characteristics of romantic art?

<p>Height of action, emotional extremes, celebration of nature, dramatic compositions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Jean Louis Theodore Gericault?

<p>The first French master and leader of the French realistic school.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Eugene Delacroix known for?

<p>He painted 'Liberty Leading the People.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

What historical event does 'Liberty Leading the People' commemorate?

<p>The July Revolution of 1830.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Francisco Goya?

<p>A court painter to the Spanish Crown and a printmaker.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who are Theodore Rousseau and Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot?

<p>Members of the Barbizon School that led romantic painting in France.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Romantic sculpture often focused on?

<p>Works concerning the human world and nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is François Rude known for?

<p>His social art that aimed to inspire the broader public.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Hercules Sitting on a Bull' refer to?

<p>A work by Antoine Louis Barye.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Gothic Revival?

<p>An architectural movement that employed Gothic forms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is Felix Hidalgo?

<p>One of the great Filipino painters in the late 19th century.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Juan Luna?

<p>A painter and sculptor recognized as one of the first notable PH artists.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Fernando Cueto Amorsolo known for?

<p>Being a National Artist in Painting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is Guillermo Tolentino?

<p>The sculptor for the Bonifacio Monument; Father of PH arts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Napoleon Isabelo Veloso Abueva?

<p>A National Artist for Sculpture, known as the Father of Modern PH Sculpture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Neoclassicism

  • Emerged as a reaction against the Rococo and late Baroque styles.
  • "Neos" (Greek) means new and "classicus" (Latin) means first class.
  • Key figures include Jacques Louis David, a leading painter whose works emphasized historical themes.

Jacques Louis David

  • Renowned for "Napoleon Crossing the Alps" and "Death of Marat," depicting revolutionary themes.
  • Influential in establishing Neoclassical painting techniques.

Other Neoclassical Artists

  • Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, pupil of David, known for nudes and mythological subjects.
  • Antonio Canova, acclaimed for realistic marble sculptures of nude figures.
  • Bertel Thorvaldsen, first Danish artist gaining international acclaim, focused on mythological and religious sculptures.

Neoclassical Architecture

  • Characterized by classical Greek and Roman design elements, derived from architects like Andrea Palladio.
  • "Temple Style" features designs inspired by ancient temples.
  • "Palladian style," based on Palladio’s villa designs, and "Classical Block style" exhibits rich classical details in rectangular forms.

Notable Architects

  • Robert Adam designed important American civic buildings like the White House and the U.S. Capitol.
  • Henri Labrouste is known for the Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève.
  • Charles Garnier designed the opulent Paris Opera House.

Romanticism

  • Focused on modern interpretations over traditional styles; expressed emotions intensely, celebrating nature and heightened sensations.
  • Characteristics of romantic art included dramatic compositions and emotional extremes.
  • Prominent artists included Eugène Delacroix, known for "Liberty Leading the People," commemorating the July Revolution.

Key Romantic Artists

  • Francisco Goya, court painter and influential figure between traditional and modern art.
  • Members of the Barbizon School like Théodore Rousseau and Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, who advanced romantic landscape painting.

Romantic Sculpture

  • Divided into themes concerning both human and natural worlds.
  • François Rude is noted for his socially conscious art, aimed at engaging the public.

Gothic Revival

  • Architectural movement from the late 1740s in England, reflecting a nostalgic return to Gothic forms.

Filipino Artists

  • Felix Hidalgo and Juan Luna, prominent figures in the 19th century, known for significant contributions to painting.
  • Fernando Cueto Amorsolo and Guillermo Tolentino recognized for their influential works, with Amorsolo designated a National Artist of Painting.
  • Napoleon Isabelo Veloso Abueva, honored as "Father of Modern Philippine Sculpture."

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Description

Explore the key terms and artists of the Neoclassical and Romantic periods in art with this set of flashcards. Each card provides definitions and insights into important concepts, helping you understand the evolution of art from traditional to modern styles.

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