Nematodes Overview
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Questions and Answers

What type of symmetry do adult starfish exhibit?

  • Spherical symmetry
  • Bilateral symmetry
  • Radial symmetry (correct)
  • Asymmetrical

    • What is the purpose of the tube feet in starfish?

  • Respiration
  • Locomotion (correct)
  • Feeding
  • Reproduction

    • Which class of echinoderms possesses a body with pentamerous discs and long arms?

  • Echinoidea
  • Holothuroidea
  • Ophiuroidea (correct)
  • Asteroidea

    • How do echinoids primarily respire?

    <p>Through tube feet with suckers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the body structure of Holothuroidea?

    <p>It is elongated and cylindrical (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the sense organs of echinoderms?

    <p>Poorly developed, including chemoreceptors and tactile organs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following animal examples belongs to the class Echinoidea?

    <p>Sand dollars (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about echinoderm reproduction is true?

    <p>They reproduce sexually through gametic fusion. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of digestive system do organisms in the phylum Annelida possess?

    <p>Well-developed digestive system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the circulatory system classified in Annelida?

    <p>Closed circulatory system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of Annelida does not possess a clitellum?

    <p>Oligochaeta (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of the Polychaeta class regarding appendages?

    <p>They possess fin-like appendages called parapodia. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a fireworm?

    <p>Hermodice carunculata (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the blood flow in a closed circulatory system from an open circulatory system?

    <p>Blood is contained within blood vessels. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What reproductive characteristic is found in hermaphroditic species from Annelida?

    <p>They can produce both sperm and eggs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What notable feature do fireworms exhibit when releasing gametes?

    <p>They release blue-green luminous mucus. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What unique feature distinguishes mammals from other classes?

    <p>Breasts that produce milk (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class includes bony fish that make up 98% of all fish?

    <p>Osteichthyes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining characteristic of skates compared to rays?

    <p>Absence of a long tail (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which subclass of mammals is unique for laying eggs?

    <p>Monotremata (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is true for reptiles?

    <p>Their skin is water-tight and made of scales (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What adaptation do birds have that is not found in mammals?

    <p>Feathers covering their bodies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of amphibians, such as frogs and toads?

    <p>They can live both in water and on land (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature of osteichthyes aids in their buoyancy?

    <p>Gas-filled sac (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily distinguishes vertebrates from other chordates?

    <p>Replacement of notochord by a vertebral column in adults (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fish is characterized as having a cartilaginous skeleton?

    <p>Cartilaginous fish (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following features is NOT typical of Class Chondrichthyes?

    <p>Heavy bony scales (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of vertebrate chordates during their early stages of development?

    <p>Absence of vertebrae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle is NOT present in vertebrates?

    <p>Skeletal muscle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do sharks and ratfish primarily differ from jawless fish?

    <p>Presence of jaws (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the heart structure of Chondrichthyes is true?

    <p>It can be either three or four-chambered. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic is associated specifically with ratfish or chimeras?

    <p>Bottom dwelling lifestyle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is responsible for respiration in Arthropods?

    <p>Trachea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of centipedes?

    <p>One pair of legs per segment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which class of Arthropoda are most members aquatic?

    <p>Crustacea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mode of fertilization is observed in Arthropods?

    <p>Internal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a method of excretion for Arthropods?

    <p>Kidneys (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the body structure of insects from other arthropods?

    <p>Three body regions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents a common group found within Myriapoda?

    <p>Centipede (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the head of most crustaceans differ from other arthropods?

    <p>Fused with thoracic segments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is NOT true about the body structure of mollusks?

    <p>Mollusks possess a body plan with a segmented structure. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the radula in mollusks?

    <p>To scrape food from surfaces. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following habitats can mollusks be found in?

    <p>Marine, freshwater, and terrestrial environments. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of symmetry do mollusks exhibit?

    <p>Bilateral symmetry. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the mantle play in mollusks?

    <p>It secretes substances to form shells. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a unique respiratory feature of segmented worms?

    <p>Oxygen diffuses through their skin. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term best describes mollusks' reproductive method?

    <p>Mostly hermaphroditic, with some sexual reproduction. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a feature of phylum Annelida?

    <p>Soft bodied and unsegmented. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    NEMATODES

    • These are commonly called thread or roundworms
    • They are unsegmented, triploblastic, and pseudocoelomic
    • Their bodies are cylindrical or thread-like, covered in a body wall with cuticle and epidermis
    • Most are parasitic, but some are free-living
    • They are elongated, slender worms, tapering at both ends
    • Bilaterally symmetrical
    • Organized at the organ system level
    • Body cavity is filled with muscle tissue
    • Body is unsegmented
    • Body cavity (pseudocoelom) not lined by mesoderm
    • Internal cephalization, little anterior-posterior differentiation
    • Body is covered with tough and resistant cuticle
    • Digestive system is complete and straight, with both mouth and anus
    • Mouth is terminal, surrounded by lips with sense organs
    • Respiratory and circulatory systems are absent
    • Respiration occurs through the body surface (aerobic in free-living forms, anaerobic in parasitic forms)
    • Excretory system is made up of intracellular canals or lateral excretory ducts
    • Nervous system is rudimentary, with a circumpharyngeal nerve ring and longitudinal nerve cords
    • Sense organs are poorly developed, like papillae, amphids (mouth), and phasmids (anus)
    • Sexes are separate with sexual dimorphism
    • Fertilization is internal, possibly cross or self
    • Development may be direct or indirect
    • Larval forms include rhabditiform, filariform, and microfilaria

    ASCHELMINTHES

    • Zoologists consider this a superphylum containing various groups
    • This includes Rotifera, Gastrotricha, Kinorhyncha, Nematomorph, and Nematoda
    • Phylum Nematoda is a significant group within it

    GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

    • Mostly parasitic, though some are free-living
    • Cylindrical, elongated
    • Triploblastic
    • Bilaterally symmetrical
    • Organ system level of organization
    • Body is unsegmented
    • Body cavity is filled with muscle tissue
    • Pseudocoelomate (body cavity not lined by mesoderm)

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    Description

    Explore the fascinating world of nematodes, commonly known as thread or roundworms. This quiz covers their anatomy, physiology, and classification, highlighting their characteristics, life cycles, and ecological roles. Test your knowledge on these unsegmented, triploblastic organisms that can be both parasitic and free-living.

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