Nematodes Key Characteristics and Life Cycles Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe the rise in egg count that occurs in spring?

  • Epidemiological spike
  • Spring oviposition peak
  • Spring infection surge
  • Periparturient rise (correct)

What is considered a potential misconception regarding the winter strategy of hypobiosis?

  • Spring emergence leads to a decrease in infection rates
  • Nematodes can only survive on pasture in winter
  • L3 cause 'self-cure' or premonition
  • Ewes lose immunity around lambing (correct)

In the nematodes life cycle, what stage comes after L4 but before the Adult stage?

  • L5 (correct)
  • E
  • L1
  • L2

When does the Urquhart et al., 1996 text focus on the usefulness of fecal egg counts?

<p>In determining when heavy infections occur (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the stage of the nematode life cycle involving mff (mature free-living) larvae?

<p>L5 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stage of the nematode life cycle is responsible for the 'self-cure' or premonition effect mentioned?

<p>L3 larvae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When do ewes lose immunity, leading to higher infection rates?

<p>-2 to +8 weeks post-lambing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized as essential for determining when and how to intervene in nematode infections?

<p>'Understanding how the species perpetuates' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes nematodes from other helminths?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do nematode infections typically increase?

<p>Through increased environmental exposure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about nematode life cycles is correct?

<p>Nematode life cycles can be either direct or indirect (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a method used by nematodes to ensure the survival of their species?

<p>Asexual reproduction within the host (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does grazing impact nematode infections?

<p>Grazing increases nematode infections by exposing animals to contaminated pastures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between pasture nutrition and parasite management in the context of nematode infections?

<p>Improved pasture nutrition leads to better parasite management (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a primary clinical sign associated with Ancylostoma caninum infections?

<p>Anemia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the morphology and behavior of Ancylostoma caninum relate to its pathology and clinical signs?

<p>Its buccal capsule and tooth-like structures facilitate blood-feeding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of nematodes (roundworms) mentioned in the text?

<p>They have a segmented body structure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical life cycle stage of nematodes that is infective to the final host?

<p>L3 (third larval stage) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where nematodes undergo arrested development or inhibited development to survive unfavorable conditions?

<p>Hypobiosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of nematode life cycles, what does the term 'periparturient rise' refer to?

<p>An increase in the number of nematode eggs or larvae around the time of giving birth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a means of survival or transmission mentioned for nematodes?

<p>Undergoing metamorphosis to a pupal stage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where nematode larvae are rapidly rejected or excluded from a host due to a previous exposure and immune response?

<p>Immune exclusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about nematode life cycles is TRUE according to the text?

<p>Direct life cycles involve an infective larval stage (usually L3) that is not enclosed in an egg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the immune response to nematodes in sheep is TRUE?

<p>Hypersensitized sheep exhibit increased peristalsis of the gut to expel larvae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of infection for Ancylostoma caninum?

<p>Percutaneous (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of nematodes discussed in the text?

<p>Requirement for an intermediate host (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of pasture management for nematode control, what does the term 'L3' refer to?

<p>The third larval stage of the nematode life cycle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the information provided, how long can L3 nematode larvae survive on pastures?

<p>A few weeks to 3+ months (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of pasture rotations in the context of nematode control?

<p>Both A and B (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, what is the approximate duration of the prepatent period (time from infection to egg shedding) for nematodes on pastures?

<p>23 days (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Ancylostoma caninum is TRUE based on the information provided?

<p>Males have a copulatory bursa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines the duration of pasture rotations for nematode control?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the size of Ancylostomatoidea eggs?

<p>60 x 40 m (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nematodes are responsible for cutaneous larval migrans?

<p>Ancylostoma caninum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of hookworms on host animals?

<p>Anemia and pneumonia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main route of infection confirmation for hookworm disease?

<p>Fecal examinations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the host do adult hookworms primarily infect?

<p>Small intestine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of modifications are present in the buccal capsule of hookworms?

<p>Teeth and cutting plates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of hookworms is responsible for feeding on blood?

<p>L4 / early mature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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