Podcast Beta
Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of SWAT team raids according to the text?
What is the typical procedure for SWAT teams in hostage or barricade situations?
What are some of the activities involved in the preparation for a SWAT team raid?
When might a SWAT team raid require a dynamic entry?
Signup and view all the answers
What percentage of all calls did the SWAT team respond to in Tampa in 2002?
Signup and view all the answers
How many times did the SWAT team provide security or dignitary protection in 2002?
Signup and view all the answers
In which years did the number of SWAT call-outs start to fall according to Kraska and Paulsen's study?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the average number of call-outs per year from 1986 to 1989 according to Kraska and Paulsen's study?
Signup and view all the answers
According to Kraska, what does he argue is 'infecting police departments'?
Signup and view all the answers
'The unsung hero of most successfully handled hostage-barricade incidents' according to Geller and Scott is:
Signup and view all the answers
How many suicide attempts did the Tampa Police Department handle on average per year?
Signup and view all the answers
What percentage of all calls did the SWAT team respond to in Tampa in 2002?
Signup and view all the answers
According to Kraska and Kappeler, what are they worried may affect 'the operations and culture of their departments'?
Signup and view all the answers
What do Geller and Scott describe as 'perhaps the most obvious illustration' that the police can avoid injuries or death?
Signup and view all the answers
What does Brewer et al. conclude about SWAT teams?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary purpose of using flash-bangs by SWAT teams during raids?
Signup and view all the answers
Why were raids held back during the Columbine High School shooting?
Signup and view all the answers
What new active-shooter response techniques were developed after the Columbine shooting?
Signup and view all the answers
Why was the diamond-shaped contact team considered impractical?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the data show about the majority of SWAT incidents?
Signup and view all the answers
What did the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department report about weapons fired in SWAT deployments?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary role of a SWAT team?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the percentage of peaceful suspect apprehensions resulting from SWAT team activations from 1972-2005?
Signup and view all the answers
Which city had varying call volumes and operational structures for SWAT teams?
Signup and view all the answers
Which team handled 96 barricaded subject cases from 1971 to 1982?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the percentage of calls to emergency services settled through negotiations in the 1990s?
Signup and view all the answers
Which department historically did not handle rescue work, leading to frequent turf wars with the NYPD ESU?
Signup and view all the answers
'Militarization of Mayberry' is a term used by Kraska in reference to what type of cities?
Signup and view all the answers
Which team is the most active SWAT team in the US?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the total number of calls involving emotionally disturbed persons handled by the NYPD ESU in 1994?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the term used by Kraska that is misleading as it refers to a fictional town without crime or SWAT teams?
Signup and view all the answers
When was the Los Angeles Police Department's SWAT team created?
Signup and view all the answers
How many officers did LAPD have for over 2,000 daily calls in the 1990s?
Signup and view all the answers
What percentage of SWAT team activations resulted in suspects killed by SWAT officers from 1972-2005?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
- In the 1990s, 99% of calls to emergency services were settled through negotiations (Gabor, 1993; Halberstadt, 1994).
- New York City Police Department's Emergency Services Unit (ESU) is the most active SWAT team in the US.
- In 1994, they handled 33,879 calls involving emotionally disturbed persons, 2,674 "jumpers" and suicide attempts, 13,241 vehicular accidents, 3,450 non-vehicular accidents, and 1,838 tactical actions (Katz, 1995).
- The NYPD ESU's high call volume is due to the New York City Fire Department not historically handling rescue work, leading to frequent turf wars (Bayley, 1994; Snow, 1996; McMains and Mullins, 1996; Katz, 1998; Lesce, 1998; Ruderman, 2012).
- The second most famous SWAT team is the Los Angeles Police Department's SWAT team, created in 1967.
- The LAPD team took on responsibility for handling barricaded subjects in 1971.
- From 1971 to 1982, they handled 96 barricaded subject cases, firing their weapons on only four occasions, killing seven suspects, six of whom were killed in a shootout with the Symbionese Liberation Army (Institute for The Study of Labor and Economic Crisis, 1982).
- LAPD SWAT team has limited use: in 1990s, they had over 7,000 officers for 2,000+ daily calls, but only 60 SWAT officers, who were called out 154 times, mostly for barricaded subjects or high-risk warrants.
- SWAT team activations totaled 3,371 from 1972-2005, 83% of which resulted in peaceful suspect apprehensions and 1% in suspects killed by SWAT officers.
- In small to medium-sized cities, Kraska argues for the "militarization of Mayberry" (1997a). This term is misleading, as Mayberry is a fictional town without crime or SWAT teams, and Kraska studied a city of 250,000 people.
- In this city, SWAT teams had varying call volumes and operational structures: Louisville had 18-45 SWAT officers, 180,000 annual calls, 18-45 call-outs, and no fatalities; St. Petersburg had 40 part-time SWAT officers, 180,000 annual calls, 20 call-outs, 1-2 for hostages, and 15-20 for search warrants, with no injuries or fatalities.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge about emergency response statistics and negotiations with this quiz. Learn about the most active SWAT team in the United States and their involvement in handling various types of emergency situations.
