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Questions and Answers
What are the four main body cavities where organs are primarily located?
What are the four main body cavities where organs are primarily located?
Cranial, Thoracic, Abdominal, Pelvic
Which muscle differentiates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?
Which muscle differentiates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?
Diaphragm
What are the four types of membranes in the body?
What are the four types of membranes in the body?
- Cutaneous membrane (the skin), 2. Mucous membrane, 3. Serous membrane, 4. Synovial membrane
Which cells in the mucous membranes produce and secrete mucus?
Which cells in the mucous membranes produce and secrete mucus?
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What is the function of mucus in the mucous membranes?
What is the function of mucus in the mucous membranes?
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What is the role of fibroblasts in connective tissue?
What is the role of fibroblasts in connective tissue?
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Which type of cells are responsible for fat storage in connective tissue?
Which type of cells are responsible for fat storage in connective tissue?
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Name two types of cells found in connective tissue that are involved in the immune response.
Name two types of cells found in connective tissue that are involved in the immune response.
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What do mucous membranes line in the body?
What do mucous membranes line in the body?
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In the digestive system, besides protection, what is another function of the mucous membranes?
In the digestive system, besides protection, what is another function of the mucous membranes?
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What is the name of the slimy fluid secreted by goblet cells in mucous membranes?
What is the name of the slimy fluid secreted by goblet cells in mucous membranes?
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Study Notes
Homeostasis and Feedback Systems
- Homeostasis is the ability of the body to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment.
- Homeostatic control involves a system that detects changes, evaluates the input, and generates an output to bring the body back to balance.
Negative Feedback System
- Decreases the effect of the original stimulus, maintaining or restoring homeostasis.
- Examples: regulating body temperature, blood glucose, and blood pressure.
Positive Feedback System
- Tends to strengthen or reinforce a change in one of the body's controlled conditions.
- Examples: childbirth, milk production, enzyme reactions, immunity, and blood clotting.
Body Organisation
- Atoms and molecules: the chemical level.
- Cells: the smallest living units in the body.
- Tissues: groups of cells that work together to perform a function.
- Organs: groups of tissues that work together.
- Systems: related organs that have a common function.
- The organism: all body parts together.
Body Fluids
- Body fluids are either intracellular or extracellular.
- Examples of extracellular fluids: blood plasma, synovial fluid, lymph fluid, and interstitial fluid.
- Interstitial fluid composition affects the proper functioning of body cells.
Histology
- Epithelial tissue: covers parts of the body.
- Connective tissue: most abundant tissue, including bone, cartilage, and blood.
- Muscular tissue: contracts to create movement.
- Nervous tissue: transmits electrical signals around the body.
Epithelial Tissue
- Consists of closely-packed cells arranged in continuous sheets.
- Divided into covering and glandular epithelium.
- Provides a selective barrier for protection and secretion of substances.
Biomedicine
- Anatomy: study of the structures that form the body.
- Physiology: how the parts of the body work.
- Pathology: study of abnormalities from normal function.
Characteristics of Life
- Metabolism: sum of all the chemical processes in the body.
- Responsiveness: ability to respond to changes in the environment.
- Movement: movement of the whole organism or of individual organs, cells, and structures inside cells.
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Description
Explore the concepts of negative and positive feedback in biological systems. Learn how negative feedback maintains homeostasis while positive feedback amplifies changes in the body's controlled conditions. Examples include temperature regulation, blood glucose levels, and blood pressure.
