NEET Chemistry Post-Mortem Session
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Questions and Answers

What is the molecular mass of N2?

  • 40 gm
  • 50 gm
  • 28 gm (correct)
  • 32 gm

What is the value of R in the given reaction?

  • 10 x 10^4
  • 10 x 10^5
  • 10 x 10^2
  • 10 x 10^3 (correct)

What is the product of the reaction CO2 + 24 → 202?

  • CO
  • CHy (correct)
  • CH4
  • H2O

What is the value of n in the given equation?

<p>10 x 10^2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula mass of WHzo?

<p>2 x 18 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the amount of MNHz formed in the reaction?

<p>2 x 1666 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular mass of Tryo?

<p>16 gm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of the score in the given scorchiomety?

<p>2 x 3 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula mass of CO2?

<p>44 gm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the amount of ecleti formed in the reaction?

<p>5 Aus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the symbol '>' represent in the content?

<p>Chemical reaction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the charge of the Bez molecule?

<p>+2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between 'nunfanid' and 'infaiede'?

<p>nunfanid is a reactant, while infaiede is a product (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the numbers '17e' and '15e-' in the content?

<p>They represent the number of electrons gained or lost during the reaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical formula for the product formed when N2 reacts with O2?

<p>NO2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the phrase 'does not exist' in the content?

<p>It indicates that the reactant is unstable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of the change in internal energy (Du) for a reversible process?

<p>0 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula used to calculate the work done (Win) in a reversible process?

<p>Win = -P * DV (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of the work done (Win) in the given example?

<p>-8 L atm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula used to calculate the work done (w) in an irreversible process?

<p>w = -2.303 * nRT * log(V2/V1) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of the work done (w) in the given example, using the provided values?

<p>-8.314 J (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between enthalpy change (DH) and internal energy change (Du)?

<p>DH = Du + P * DV (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of the change in enthalpy (DH) in the given example, using the provided values?

<p>42.814 kJ/mol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula used to calculate the change in internal energy (Du) for a process at constant volume?

<p>Du = qv (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation represented for Ka in the content?

<p>Ka = 3.2 x 10^Y (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the equation x 10 represent in the content?

<p>A multiplication factor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of C represented in the equations?

<p>0.02 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship of Cry and Water in the content?

<p>Cry is added to Water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating DTb based on Ty and ty0?

<p>DTb = Ty - ty0 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the term Pr interpreted in the content?

<p>A variable for logarithmic function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 3-2log2 equal in the provided equations?

<p>3-0.5 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What value is assigned to Aly in the context provided?

<p>0.88 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What multiplicative factor is used to convert Ty to DTb?

<p>90 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the numerical base used in the provided logarithmic expressions?

<p>2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which operation is primarily shown in the expression 10-7?

<p>Exponentiation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the expression Ty = 354 11k - 0.88, what operation is primarily being carried out?

<p>Subtraction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the expression '2057X 163' in relation to C?

<p>It signifies a mass calculation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What components are involved in the equation that includes DTb?

<p>Ty and MM (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is a mole?

The amount of a substance containing the same number of particles as there are atoms in 12 grams of carbon-12.

What is stoichiometry?

The quantitative relationship between reactants and products in a chemical reaction.

What is molar mass?

The mass of one mole of a substance, usually expressed in grams per mole (g/mol).

What is molar volume (at STP)?

The volume occupied by one mole of a gas under standard conditions (STP), approximately 22.4 L.

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What is Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures?

The total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas.

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What is ΔU = nCvΔT?

Represents the change in internal energy (ΔU) for a process at constant volume where n = moles, Cv = molar heat capacity at constant volume and ΔT = change in temperature.

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What is the equilibrium constant (K)?

Indicates the extent to which a reaction proceeds to completion at a given temperature.

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What is Le Chatelier's Principle?

A system at equilibrium will shift to relieve stress (changes in concentration, temperature, or pressure).

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What is the acid dissociation constant (Ka)?

Indicates the strength of an acid in solution; a larger Ka means a stronger acid.

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What is pH?

A measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution, calculated as pH = -log[H⁺].

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What is dilution?

The process of reducing the concentration of a solution by adding more solvent.

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What is the dilution equation?

C₁V₁ = C₂V₂ helps determine the concentration or volume needed for dilutions.

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What is Molarity?

Moles of solute per liter of solution

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What is ionic strength?

A measure of the total concentration of ions in a solution.

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What are activity coefficients?

Factors that correct for non-ideal behavior of ions in concentrated solutions based on charge, size and concentration.

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How does temperature affect reaction rates?

Temperature affects reaction rate through activation energy and molecular collision frequency.

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What is the rate-determining step?

The slowest step in a reaction mechanism that determines the overall rate of the reaction.

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What are standard electrode potentials?

Indicates the relative tendency of a species to gain electrons and be reduced (more positive) or lose electrons and be oxidized (more negative).

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What is the Nernst equation?

Calculates cell potential under non-standard conditions, relating it to standard potential, temperature, and reaction quotient.

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What is the universal gas constant (R)?

A fundamental constant that relates energy to temperature on a molecular scale.

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What is Avogadro's number?

The number of atoms, molecules, or ions in one mole of a substance, approximately 6.022 × 10²³.

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Why practice unit conversions?

Essential for ensuring dimensional consistency and accuracy in calculations.

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What is a limiting reactant calculation?

A calculation using stoichiometry that determines which reactant will limit the amount of product formed.

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What is enthalpy change (ΔH)?

The heat absorbed or released during a chemical reaction at constant pressure.

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What is entropy?

A measure of disorder or randomness in a system.

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What is Gibbs free energy?

Energy available to do useful work.

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What is chemical kinetics?

The study of the rates of chemical reactions.

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What is a reaction mechanism?

A sequence of steps that describe the pathway of a chemical reaction.

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What is a catalyst?

A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed in the reaction.

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What is activation energy?

The energy barrier that must be overcome for a reaction to occur

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Study Notes

Chemical Calculations and Formulas

  • Essential calculations are performed using moles and mass, e.g., 2 moles of H₂O = 36 g.
  • Application of stoichiometry is crucial in balancing reactions and determining reactant/product relationships.
  • Converting moles to grams involves multiplication by molar mass, which is vital in quantitative chemistry.

Gases and Molar Volumes

  • The molar volume of gases is vital in calculations, often approximating to 22.4 L for ideal gases under STP conditions.
  • Issues of partial pressures can be addressed using Dalton's Law, which states that the total pressure is the sum of individual pressures in a mixture.

Thermodynamics and Energy

  • The relationship between enthalpy change (ΔH) and temperature can be modeled, with calculations involving the gas constant R.
  • Key equation: ΔU = nC_vΔT, where ΔU is the change in internal energy, n is the number of moles, C_v is the molar heat capacity at constant volume, and ΔT is the temperature change.

Equilibrium and Reaction Quotients

  • Equilibrium constants (K) are determined for reactions; they indicate the extent of a reaction at equilibrium.
  • Le Chatelier’s Principle describes how a system at equilibrium responds to stress (changes in concentration, temperature, or pressure).

Acid-Base Chemistry

  • Acid dissociation constant (Ka) indicates the strength of an acid in solution; it is crucial for understanding pH levels.
  • The relationship between pH and hydrogen ion concentration is given by the formula pH = -log[H⁺].

Concentrations and Dilutions

  • Dilution calculations utilize the equation C₁V₁ = C₂V₂, where C is concentration and V is volume.
  • Understanding molarity (moles per liter) is essential when preparing solutions for reactions.

Ionic Strength and Activity

  • Ionic strength affects the behavior of ions in solution and must be calculated to correctly interpret reaction environments.
  • Activity coefficients adjust for non-ideal behavior in concentrated solutions.

Reaction Mechanisms and Rates

  • Reaction rates can be adjusted by changing concentration or temperature, highlighting the importance of activation energy.
  • Understanding the mechanism involves breaking down steps of reaction to identify rate-determining steps.

Electrochemistry

  • Standard electrode potentials indicate the tendency of a species to be reduced or oxidized.
  • The Nernst equation is used to calculate cell potential under non-standard conditions: E = E° - (RT/nF)lnQ.

Key Units and Constants

  • Familiarity with key constants such as the universal gas constant (R = 8.314 J/(mol·K)) and Avogadro's number (6.022 × 10²³) is critical.
  • Unit conversions (e.g., atm to kPa) must be practiced for precision in calculations.

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