NEET Botany Plant Kingdom and Flowering Plants
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following statements are correct about Klinefelter’s Syndrome?

  • A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III (correct)
  • A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
  • A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
  • A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II

    • Who first described Klinefelter's Syndrome in 1866?

    Langdon Down

    Radial symmetry is NOT found in adults of phylum _____.

    Echinodermata

    Match the following joints with their descriptions:

    <p>Ball and Socket Joint = Between humerus and pectoral girdle Hinge Joint = Between carpal and metacarpal of thumb Pivot Joint = Allows rotational movement Saddle Joint = Visible colored portion of eye</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following functions is carried out by cytoskeleton in a cell?

    <p>Motility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of joints with where they are found:

    <p>Cartilaginous = Between adjacent vertebrae in vertebral column Ball and Socket = Between flat skull bones Statement I incorrect but Statement II is true = Joint Both Statement I and Statement II are true = Joint Both Statement I and Statement II are false = Statement I is correct but Statement II is false =</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Endometrium is necessary for implantation of blastocyst.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which methods are related to birth control? Choose all that apply.

    <p>Vasectomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Broad palm with single palm crease is visible in a person suffering from __________.

    <p>Down’s syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements are correct regarding the female reproductive cycle?

    <p>In non-primate mammals, cyclical changes are called oestrus cycle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which common sexually transmitted disease is completely curable when detected early and treated properly?

    <p>Gonorrhoea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is not a cloning vector?

    <p>BAC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) refer to?

    <p>All genes that are expressed as RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When was the historic Convention on Biological Diversity, 'The Earth Summit' held in Rio de Janeiro?

    <p>1992</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the main cause driving extinction of species among 'The Evil Quartet'?

    <p>Habitat loss and fragmentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The thickness of ozone in a column of air in the atmosphere is measured in terms of: _______

    <p>Dobson units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following programming languages with their primary usage:

    <p>Python = General-purpose programming JavaScript = Client-side scripting for web applications SQL = Database queries CSS = Styling web pages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In gymnosperms, pollen grains are carried by air currents to the mouth of the archegonia where male gametes are discharged.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define chemiosmosis in relation to photosynthesis.

    <p>Chemiosmosis is the process by which a proton pump generates a proton gradient across a membrane to drive the synthesis of ATP by ATP synthase, as seen in photosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the filamentous structure formed by moss spores after they germinate?

    <p>protonema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the characteristics of genera like Selaginella and Salvinia which produce two kinds of spores?

    <p>Heterosporous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In eukaryotes, the S or Synthesis phase marks the period during which DNA synthesis or replication takes place. During this phase, the amount of DNA per cell ________.

    <p>doubles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the attachment of ovules to multilocular ovary in axile placentation?

    <p>axile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cellulose forms helical secondary structures which can hold I2 molecules.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true regarding the first stage of gametophyte in the life cycle of moss?

    <p>Assertion A: Protonema develops directly from spores produced.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the pair of heterosporous pteridophytes among the following:

    <p>Selaginella and Salvinia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In family Fabaceae, which stamen characteristics are specific and not found in Solanaceae or Liliaceae?

    <p>Diadelphous and Dithecous anthers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of meiosis involves the division of glucose-6-phosphate into fructose-1,6-diphosphate during glycolysis?

    <p>Metaphase II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sub stage of prophase I in meiosis does the appearance of recombination nodules occur?

    <p>Pachytene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone promotes intemode/petiole elongation in deep water rice?

    <p>GA3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cellulose does not form blue color with _____ because it does not contain complex helices and hence cannot hold iodine molecules.

    <p>lodine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of appearance of recombination nodules occurs during the Pachytene sub stage of prophase I in meiosis.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for the bark formed early in the season?

    <p>early or soft bark</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the bark formed towards the end of the season?

    <p>late or hard bark</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the enzyme responsible for catalyzing the reaction in the TCA cycle?

    <p>Citrate synthase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Competitive inhibitors often compete with the substrate for the enzyme's binding site.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Iron activates the catalase enzyme and is essential for the formation of _______.

    <p>chlorophyll</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of interactions with their descriptions:

    <p>Mutualism = Interaction conferring benefits on both species Commensalism = Interaction benefiting one species and not affecting the other Amensalism = One species harmed while the other remains neutral Parasitism = One species benefits while the other is harmed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are unique mammalian characteristics?

    <p>Hairs, pinna, mammary glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements are correct with reference to chordates?

    <p>Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following body fluids with their respective tissues:

    <p>Mast cells = Ciliated epithelium tissue Inner surface of bronchiole = Specialized connective tissue Blood = Cuboidal epithelium tissue Tubular parts of nephron = Areolar connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In cockroach, excretion is brought about by the ________.

    <p>fat body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements are correct regarding skeletal muscle?

    <p>Sarcoplasmic reticulum of muscle fibre is a storehouse of calcium ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The parts of the human brain that regulate sexual behavior are the corpus callosum and thalamus.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are NOT under the control of thyroid hormone?

    <p>Maintenance of water and electrolyte balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for the attachment of a blastocyst to the endometrium?

    <p>implantation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    RNA mutates at a slower rate compared to DNA.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some examples of sexually transmitted diseases that are mentioned in the text?

    <p>HIV infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Amniocentesis involves the removal of some of the amniotic fluid that bathes the developing foetus for analysis of genetic disorders, chromosomal abnormalities, biochemical defects, etc. It can also reveal a baby’s __________.

    <p>gender</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the regulatory gene in the lac operon?

    <p>i gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Plant Kingdom

    • In moss, the first stage of gametophyte in the life cycle is the protonema stage.
    • Exarch condition is the most common feature of the root system.
    • Heterosporous pteridophytes include Equisetum and Salvinia, and Selaginella and Salvinia.

    Morphology of Flowering Plants

    • Family Fabaceae differs from Solanaceae and Liliaceae in terms of the stamens, specifically having Diadelphous and Dithecous anthers.
    • Axile placentation is observed in China rose, Petunia, and Lemon.

    Biomolecules

    • Cellulose does not form a blue color with iodine because it does not contain complex helices and hence cannot hold iodine molecules.
    • ATP is used at two steps in glycolysis: first in converting glucose into glucose-6-phosphate and second in converting fructose-6-phosphate into fructose-1-6-diphosphate.

    Cell Cycle and Cell Division

    • Among eukaryotes, replication of DNA takes place in the S phase.
    • Recombination nodules occur at the pachytene sub-stage of prophase I in meiosis.
    • Movement and accumulation of ions across a membrane against their concentration gradient can be explained by active transport.

    Transport in Plants

    • The forces generated by transpiration can lift a xylem-sized column of water over 130 meters height.
    • Transpiration cools leaf surfaces sometimes by 10 to 15 degrees, by evaporative cooling.

    Plant Growth and Development

    • Spraying gibberellic acid on juvenile conifers helps in hastening the maturity period, leading to early seed production.
    • Dedifferentiation is a phenomenon where leaf mesophyll cells are put in a culture medium to form callus.

    Mineral Nutrition

    • Manganese is the micronutrient required for splitting of water molecule during photosynthesis.

    Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

    • 18 ATP and 12 NADPH2 are required for the synthesis of one molecule of glucose during the Calvin cycle.
    • The reaction centre in PS II has an absorption maxima at 680 nm.

    Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

    • Large, colourful, fragrant flowers with nectar are seen in insect-pollinated plants.
    • In angiosperm, the haploid, diploid, and triploid structures of a fertilized embryo sac are synergids, zygote, and primary endosperm nucleus, respectively.
    • The function of tassels in the corn cob is to trap pollen grains.

    Principles of Inheritance and Variation

    • Pleiotropism refers to a single gene affecting multiple phenotypic expressions.
    • The frequency of recombination between gene pairs on the same chromosome is used to map their position on the chromosome, a technique first used by Alfred Sturtevant.

    Molecular Basis of Inheritance

    • RNA polymerase III transcribes precursor of mRNA in eukaryotes.
    • Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) refer to certain important expressed genes.

    Biotechnology: Principles and Processes

    • The role of gene gun method is to introduce alien DNA into host cells using microparticles of tungsten or gold.
    • During purification process for recombinant DNA technology, addition of chilled ethanol precipitates out DNA.

    Environmental Issues

    • The historic Convention on Biological Diversity, ‘The Earth Summit’ was held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992.
    • Habitat loss and fragmentation are considered the most important causes driving extinction of species.
    • The thickness of ozone in a column of air in the atmosphere is measured in terms of Dobson units.

    Biodiversity and Conservation

    • Co-extinctions, habitat loss and fragmentation, over exploitation for economic gain, and alien species invasions are the four primary drivers of extinction of species.### Biochemistry
    • In chemiosmosis, the required combination is: proton pump, electron gradient, NADP synthase or membrane, proton pump, proton gradient, ATP synthase.
    • Oxidative phosphorylation is associated with the electron transport system.
    • Tricarboxylic acid cycle is associated with citrate synthase.
    • Glycolysis is associated with the EMP pathway.

    Principles of Inheritance and Variation

    • Klinefelter's Syndrome: a genetic disorder characterized by overall masculine development, but with some feminine features, and the individual is sterile.
    • In Klinefelter's Syndrome, physical, psychomotor, and mental development are retarded.

    Environmental Issues

    • Bioaccumulation: the increase in the concentration of toxic substances in organisms at successive trophic levels.
    • Biodegradation of organic matter in sewage-polluted water bodies consumes oxygen, causing the death of aquatic organisms.
    • Algal blooms caused by excess organic matter in water improve water quality and promote fisheries.
    • Water hyacinth grows abundantly in eutrophic water bodies and leads to an imbalance in ecosystem dynamics.

    Molecular Basis of Inheritance

    • The ribosome consists of 60 different proteins.
    • Low temperature preserves enzymes in a temporarily inactive state, while high temperature destroys enzymatic activity.
    • Competitive inhibitors resemble substrates in molecular structure and inhibit enzyme activity.
    • Proteins are imagined as a line, with the left end representing the first amino acid (C-terminal) and the right end representing the last amino acid (N-terminal).

    Structural Organisation in Animals

    • Ligaments are dense irregular tissue.
    • Cartilage is dense regular tissue.

    Digestion and Absorption

    • The caecum prevents the backflow of undigested and unabsorbed substances by the ileo-caecal valve.
    • Peptic cells secrete mucus.
    • Goblet cells secrete bile juice.
    • Oxyntic cells secrete proenzyme pepsinogen.
    • Hepatic cells secrete HCl and intrinsic factor for the absorption of vitamin B12.

    Breathing and Exchange of Gases

    • Vital capacity of the lung is IRV + ERV + TV.

    Neural Control and Coordination

    • Fovea is the point of greatest visual acuity or resolution.
    • Iris regulates the diameter of the pupil.
    • Blind spot is the point where the optic nerve leaves the eyeball and photoreceptor cells are absent.
    • Sclera is the external layer of the eye formed of dense connective tissue.

    Body Fluids and Circulation

    • P-wave represents the beginning of systole.
    • Q-wave represents repolarization of ventricles.
    • QRS complex represents depolarization of atria.
    • T-wave represents depolarization of ventricles.

    Excretory Products and their Elimination

    • Nephrons are of two types: cortical and juxta-medullary, based on their relative position in the cortex and medulla.
    • Juxta-medullary nephrons have short loops of Henle, whereas cortical nephrons have longer loops of Henle.

    Human Reproduction

    • Vas deferens receives a duct from the seminal vesicle and opens into the urethra as the ejaculatory duct.
    • The cavity of the cervix is called the cervical canal, which along with the vagina forms the birth canal.

    Locomotion and Movement

    • Cartilaginous joints are found between flat skull bones.
    • Ball and socket joints are found between adjacent vertebrae in the vertebral column.

    Genetic Disorders

    • Broad palm with a single palm crease is visible in a person suffering from Down's syndrome.### Amniocentesis and Sex Determination
    • Amniocentesis is one of the strategies of Reproductive and Child Health Care.
    • It is banned to check the increasing menace of female foeticide.

    Gene Expression and Biological Processes

    • Gene 'a' codes for β-galactosidase.
    • Gene 'y' codes for Transacetylase.
    • Gene 'i' codes for Permease.
    • Gene 'z' codes for Repressor protein.

    DNA Structure and Replication

    • In prokaryotes, the positively charged DNA is held with some negatively charged proteins in a region called nucleoid.
    • In eukaryotes, the negatively charged DNA is wrapped around the positively charged histone octamer to form nucleosome.

    Adaptive Radiation and Evolution

    • Australian Marsupials exhibiting adaptive radiation are Numbat, Spotted cuscus, and Flying phalanger.

    Human Health and Disease

    • Ringworm is caused by Trichophyton.
    • Filariasis is caused by Wuchereria bancrofti.
    • Malaria is caused by Plasmodium vivax.
    • Pneumonia is caused by Haemophilus influenzae.

    Biotechnology and its Applications

    • Probe is not a cloning vector.
    • BAC (Bacterial Artificial Chromosome) is a cloning vector.
    • YAC (Yeast Artificial Chromosome) is a cloning vector.
    • pBR322 is a cloning vector.

    Techniques in Biotechnology

    • ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay) is a technique used for the early diagnosis of a disease for its early treatment.
    • Recombinant DNA Technology is a technique used for the early diagnosis of a disease for its early treatment.
    • Serum and Urine analysis is a technique used for the early diagnosis of a disease for its early treatment.
    • PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is a technique used for the early diagnosis of a disease for its early treatment.

    Interactions in Ecosystems

    • Algal Bloom decreases fish mortality.
    • Eutrophication refers to the increase in domestic sewage and wastewater in lakes.
    • Biomagnification refers to the increase in concentration of the toxicant at successive trophic levels.

    Environmental Issues

    • Presence of a large amount of nutrients in water restricts 'Algal Bloom'.

    Cell Cycle and Cell Division

    • During the Go phase of the cell cycle, the cell is metabolically inactive.
    • The centrosome undergoes duplication during the S phase of interphase.

    Zoology

    • Unique mammalian characteristics are pinna, monocondylic skull, and mammary glands.
    • Chordates have a mid-dorsal, solid, and double nerve cord.
    • Cockroach has a dark brown body color and anal cerci.

    Structural Organisation in Animals

    • Mast cells are found in areolar connective tissue.
    • Inner surface of bronchiole is lined with ciliated epithelium.
    • Blood is a type of cuboidal epithelium.
    • Tubular parts of nephron are lined with specialized connective tissue.

    Body Fluids and Circulation

    • Basophils are involved in the inflammatory response.
    • Basophils secrete histamine, serotonin, and heparin.

    Excretory Products and their Elimination

    • ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone) facilitates water reabsorption to prevent diuresis.

    Molecular Basis of Inheritance

    • The sequence on the corresponding coding strand is 3’ ATCGATCGATCGTCGATCGATCG.

    Locomotion and Movement

    • Striated appearance of skeletal muscle fiber is due to the distribution pattern of actin and myosin proteins.

    Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production

    • Inbreeding decreases the productivity of the inbred population, after continuous inbreeding.

    Organisms and Populations

    • Logistic growth occurs under unlimited resource availability conditions.
    • Exponential growth occurs under limited resource availability conditions.
    • Expanding age pyramid has the percent individuals of pre-reproductive age is largest, followed by reproductive and post-reproductive age groups.
    • Stable age pyramid has the percent individuals of pre-reproductives and reproductive age group are the same.

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    NEET 2023 Solved Paper PDF

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    Solve this NEET practice quiz on Botany, covering topics from Plant Kingdom to Anatomy of Flowering Plants. Test your knowledge and prepare for the exam.

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