Necrotizing Periodontal Disease Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is another name for necrotizing periodontal disease if severe and depending on the extent of the disease?

  • Trench mouth
  • Vincent's infection
  • Necrotizing stomatitis (correct)
  • Oral gangrene

    • Who first described the microbes associated with necrotizing periodontal disease?

  • Hyazinth Vincent (correct)
  • Horning GM
  • Holmstrup P
  • Stevens AW

    • What was necrotizing periodontal disease called during the time of the First World War in soldiers fighting in trenches?

  • Necrotizing stomatitis
  • Cancrum oris
  • Trench mouth (correct)
  • Noma

    • What is the estimated disease prevalence of necrotizing periodontal disease in U.S. Military recruits according to Horning GM et al. 1990, 1995?

    <p>Rare</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basis for diagnosing necrotizing periodontal disease?

    <p>Pindborg stages described in the Journal of Periodontology 1966</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT included in the differential diagnosis of necrotizing periodontal disease?

    <p>Dental caries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary causes of necrotizing periodontal disease?

    <p>Disease-causing microbial community and depressed immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors determine the likelihood of successful disease control?

    <p>Extent of tissue destruction and etiologic factors control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is involved in the treatment of necrotizing periodontal disease?

    <p>Oral hygiene instruction, systemic antibiotics, and multivitamin/protein food supplements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of necrotizing periodontal disease is associated with a hopeless and life-threatening prognosis?

    <p>Necrotizing stomatitis/noma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary determinant of prognosis in necrotizing periodontal disease?

    <p>Extent of tissue destruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential for successful treatment of necrotizing periodontal disease?

    <p>Reversal of all etiologic factors during treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of necrotizing periodontal disease?

    <p>Disease-causing microbial community and depressed immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of disease diagnosis in necrotizing periodontal disease?

    <p>Extent of tissue destruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the likelihood of successful disease control primarily dependent on?

    <p>Amount of tissue destruction and control of etiologic factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT included in the differential diagnosis of necrotizing periodontal disease?

    <p>Dental caries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of necrotizing periodontal disease?

    <p>Severe pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can trigger necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis?

    <p>Stressful events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key diagnostic sign of necrotizing periodontal disease?

    <p>Presence of punched-out, crater-like depressions in the gingiva</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do necrotizing periodontal lesions contain?

    <p>A large and diverse population of oral Treponema spirochetes and Selemonas species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens with increasing disease severity in necrotizing periodontal disease?

    <p>Tissue destruction becomes more severe and results in exposure of underlying bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the likely cause of foul odor in necrotizing periodontal lesions?

    <p>Oral Treponema spirochetes and Selemonas species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the association of necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis?

    <p>Severe immunodeficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure of a necrotizing periodontal lesion?

    <p>Necrotic tissue, exposed and ulcerated soft tissue, and fibrin deposits and accumulated leukocytes along with infiltrating spirochetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can necrotizing periodontal disease lead to in extreme cases?

    <p>Spread to the rest of the oral cavity and then to the outside of the face as in noma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the likely microbial flora in necrotizing periodontal lesions of patients with severe immunodeficiency?

    <p>Opportunistic pathogens such as Candida albicans or Aggregatibacter species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of spirochetes invading the gingival tissues in necrotizing periodontal disease?

    <p>Damage to the gingival capillaries leading to coronal tissue infarction and necrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a likely consequence of interdental tissue necrosis in necrotizing periodontal disease?

    <p>Severe pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Necrotizing Periodontal Disease: Diagnosis, Differential Diagnosis, Etiology, Prognosis, and Treatment

    • Disease diagnosis is based on the extent of tissue destruction, as described by the Pindborg stages in the Journal of Periodontology 1966.
    • The differential diagnosis includes conditions such as herpetic gingivostomatitis, squamous cell carcinoma, severe periodontitis, linear gingival erythema, and linear IgA disease.
    • The disease is caused by a disease-causing microbial community and a depressed immune response, often triggered by severe stress, viral infections, malnutrition, and chemotherapy.
    • The likelihood of successful disease control depends on the amount of tissue destruction and the control of etiologic factors, with prognosis varying based on the extent of tissue damage and reversibility of contributing etiology.
    • Treatment involves urgent dental treatment, oral hygiene instruction, systemic antibiotics, multivitamin/protein food supplements, follow-up to check for improvement, and follow-up medical/dietary care.
    • The extent of tissue destruction in necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis is associated with an excellent/good prognosis, while necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis has a fair/poor prognosis, and necrotizing stomatitis/noma is considered hopeless and life-threatening.
    • The differential diagnosis for necrotizing periodontal disease includes conditions that resemble it in some way, such as herpetic gingivostomatitis, squamous cell carcinoma, and severe periodontitis.
    • The disease is caused by a disease-causing microbial community and a depressed immune response, often triggered by severe stress, viral infections, malnutrition, and chemotherapy.
    • The likelihood of successful disease control depends on the amount of tissue destruction and the control of etiologic factors, with prognosis varying based on the extent of tissue damage and reversibility of contributing etiology.
    • Treatment involves urgent dental treatment, oral hygiene instruction, systemic antibiotics, multivitamin/protein food supplements, follow-up to check for improvement, and follow-up medical/dietary care.
    • The extent of tissue destruction in necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis is associated with an excellent/good prognosis, while necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis has a fair/poor prognosis, and necrotizing stomatitis/noma is considered hopeless and life-threatening.
    • Successful treatment of necrotizing periodontal disease is only possible if all etiologic factors can be reversed during treatment, with a sequence including urgent dental treatment, oral hygiene instruction, systemic antibiotics, and follow-up medical/dietary care.

    Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases Overview

    • Necrotizing periodontal diseases include necrotizing gingivitis, necrotizing periodontitis, necrotizing stomatitis, and noma.
    • Two varieties of the disease behave differently clinically, with one being fatal and the other typically not progressing past the necrotizing periodontitis stage.
    • Symptoms of necrotizing periodontal disease include severe pain, fever, foul mouth odor, and punched-out lesions in the gingiva.
    • Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis can be triggered by stressful events, while necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis is usually associated with severe immunodeficiency.
    • The key diagnostic sign is the presence of punched-out, crater-like depressions at the crest of the interdental papilla where gingival tissue is missing.
    • With increasing disease severity, tissue destruction becomes more severe and results in exposure of underlying bone.
    • In extreme cases, the condition spreads to the rest of the oral cavity and then to the outside of the face as in noma.
    • Necrotizing periodontal lesions contain a large and diverse population of oral Treponema spirochetes and Selemonas species, likely responsible for the foul odor.
    • In patients with severe immunodeficiency, the microbial flora in these lesions may contain opportunistic pathogens such as Candida albicans or Aggregatibacter species.
    • As spirochetes invade the gingival tissues, they cause damage to the gingival capillaries leading to coronal tissue infarction and necrosis.
    • The structure of a necrotizing periodontal lesion consists of necrotic tissue, exposed and ulcerated soft tissue, and fibrin deposits and accumulated leukocytes along with infiltrating spirochetes.
    • A patient exhibiting signs of interdental tissue necrosis coupled with severe pain likely has necrotizing periodontal disease.

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    Description

    "Necrotizing Periodontal Disease: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis" Quiz Test your knowledge of necrotizing periodontal disease with this quiz. Learn about the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, etiology, prognosis, and treatment of this severe oral condition. Explore the symptoms, microbial factors, and treatment options for necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis, necrotizing stomatitis, and noma.

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