60 Questions
What is the most commonly used oral antibiotic for treating bacterial folliculitis?
Flucloxacillin
Which bacterium is usually responsible for causing bacterial folliculitis?
S.aureus
What is the characteristic clinical presentation of deeper follicular infections?
Abscess formation, mini boils, and furunculosis
What is the cause of Pseudofolliculitis?
Heavy emollients occluding follicular openings
Which condition is characterized by a foreign body reaction with inflammation in the beard area?
Pseudofolliculitis barbae
What distinguishes Pseudofolliculitis from bacterial folliculitis?
Sterile pustules at the same stage of development
Which type of antiseptic is specifically mentioned as effective for treating cutaneous infections on the lower legs?
Potassium permanganate
What is a potential side effect of prolonged exposure to topical antibiotics?
Selection of resistant organisms
Which antibiotic is specifically recommended for the treatment of MRSA infections?
Tigecycline
What is the purpose of systemic antibiotics in the treatment of cutaneous bacterial infections?
To eradicate the infection from deeper layers of the skin
Which antibiotic is NOT listed as a treatment option for Staphylococcal infections in the given text?
Ceftazidime
What is the consequence of using topical antibiotics extensively without following proper guidelines?
Selection of resistant bacteria
Which infection is characterized by extensive non-painful ulceration usually on the limbs in children/young adults living in tropical humid areas?
Mycobacterium ulcerans infection
Which infection typically presents with a painless genital ulcer at the site of inoculation as a manifestation of primary syphilis?
Syphilis
Which atypical mycobacterial infection is known as 'fish tank' or 'swimming pool granuloma' and primarily affects the hand or fingers?
Mycobacterium marinum infection
In which atypical mycobacterial infection does a single warty nodular lesion initially appear with subsequent sporotricoid spread along local lymphatics?
Mycobacterium marinum infection
What causes patients with Bazin's disease to present with tender nodules and plaques that ulcerate and heal with scarring on the lower legs?
Erythema induratum
What bacterium causes syphilis and is transmitted through sexual intercourse, transplacental spread, and via unscreened blood transfusions?
Treponema pallidum
Which type of infection is characterized by rapidly progressive mixed anaerobic and aerobic bacteria affecting the deep fascia?
Necrotizing fasciitis
What is the typical initial symptom experienced by patients with necrotizing fasciitis?
Severe pain
Which bacterial species is responsible for causing Staphylococcus scalded skin syndrome?
Staphylococcus aureus
What is the target of the exfoliative toxins A/B in Staphylococcus scalded skin syndrome?
Desmoglein 1
Which clinical sign is positive in Staphylococcus scalded skin syndrome that helps differentiate it from other skin conditions?
Nikolsky sign
What is the mortality rate for generalized Staphylococcus scalded skin syndrome?
4%
Which disease is characterized by a widespread eruption of red-brown scaly patches and macules on the trunk and limbs, particularly palms and soles?
Secondary syphilis
What is the most common vector of Rocky Mountain spotted fever in the USA?
Dog tick
Which disease is characterized by patients presenting with high fever, headache, myalgia, and a petechial rash that appears on the palms and soles but may spread to the trunk within a week of the bite?
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
What is the recommended treatment for Bacillary angiomatosis?
Erythromycin 500 mg qds for up to 12 weeks
Which bacterium causes Cat-scratch disease?
Bartonella henselae
Which diagnostic method is usually used to confirm Bacillary angiomatosis?
Serology (indirect fluorescent assay or ELISA IgG)
What is the role of normal skin flora in preventing bacterial skin infections?
Competing with invading pathogenic micro-organisms
How can a change in the micro-environment lead to pathogenic bacteria causing skin infections?
By weakening the host immune system or underlying skin disease
In what ways can patients acquire bacterial skin infections from the external environment?
By indirect contact with fomites
What type of history might indicate a potential source of bacterial skin infection?
Recall of an episode of trauma to the skin
What is one way patients may come into contact with potentially contaminated water according to the text?
Traveling abroad
Why might some patients not have an obvious source of bacterial skin infection based on history taking alone?
Because some infections may not have a clear external source
What is the significance of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) in Staphylococcus aureus infections?
It makes the bacteria highly virulent and transmissible
What is the recommended method for identifying Staphylococcus aureus carriers with potential for recurrent infections?
Nasal swabs
Why should swabs be moistened before contact with infected skin surfaces?
To reduce the risk of contamination
What is the purpose of taking a skin biopsy in severe skin infections or suspected mycobacterial infections?
For culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing
In addition to bacteria identification, what other information can be obtained from microbiological testing?
Antibiotic resistance/sensitivity patterns
What distinguishes skin infections caused by PVL-positive Staphylococcus aureus from those caused by other strains?
Recurrent boils not responding to short antibiotic courses
What is a potential side effect of prolonged exposure to topical antibiotics?
Contact dermatitis
Which antibiotic is NOT listed as a treatment option for Staphylococcal infections in the given text?
Ertapenem
What distinguishes Pseudofolliculitis from bacterial folliculitis?
Pattern of distribution
Which disease is characterized by a widespread eruption of red-brown scaly patches and macules on the trunk and limbs, particularly palms and soles?
Pityriasis rosea
Which type of infection is characterized by rapidly progressive mixed anaerobic and aerobic bacteria affecting the deep fascia?
Necrotizing fasciitis
What causes patients with Bazin's disease to present with tender nodules and plaques that ulcerate and heal with scarring on the lower legs?
Streptococcal infection
What is the characteristic clinical presentation of deeper follicular infections according to the text?
Formation of abscesses, mini boils, and furunculosis
Which bacterium is the primary cause of Hot-tub folliculitis as mentioned in the text?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
What is the distinguishing factor between Pseudofolliculitis and bacterial folliculitis based on the text?
Sterile monomorphic pustules at the same stage of development
What is the outcome when several furuncles coalesce in deeper follicular infections?
Development of a carbuncle
Which area on the body does Pseudofolliculitis barbae primarily affect according to the text?
Beard area
What causes Hot-tub folliculitis as described in the text?
Exposure to contaminated water or water accessories
What is the term used to describe a type of skin infection caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans that leads to extensive non-painful ulceration mainly on the limbs?
Fish tank granuloma
What is the clinical feature of Bazin's disease that distinguishes it from other skin infections?
Tender nodules and plaques on lower legs
How does Mycobacterium marinum infection typically spread in the body?
Chain of nodules along local lymphatics
In which type of mycobacterial infection associated with standing water do patients often experience painless ulcers on their limbs?
Mycobacterium ulcerans
What is the primary cause of the increase in syphilis incidence according to the text?
Unprotected sexual intercourse
What method is essential for determining if a patient with syphilis has a previous or current infection to guide management and contact tracing?
Serology
Learn about the characteristics and symptoms of necrotizing fasciitis, a life-threatening infection that affects the deep tissues. This quiz covers the presentation, causes, and clinical features associated with this condition.
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