24 Questions
What defines an infant as Small for Gestational Age (SGA)?
Experiencing intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR)
Which factor is NOT listed as a cause of Small for Gestational Age (SGA) infants?
Maternal age
What is a potential nursing diagnosis for an SGA infant related to their birth condition?
Risk for impaired parenting related to child's high-risk status
Which assessment method is NOT typically used for SGA infants?
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
What appearance characteristic is NOT commonly associated with Small for Gestational Age (SGA) infants?
Tall stature
What physical feature in SGA infants may cause difficulty in regulating protein, glucose, and bilirubin?
Small liver
What is a measurement used to assess fetal lung maturity?
L/S ratio (lecithin/sphingomyelin)
What is the purpose of administering corticosteroids to the mother 2-3 days prior to premature delivery?
Help fetal lung tissue mature
Which nursing diagnosis is related to immaturity of the newborn’s lungs and diminished surfactant?
Impaired gas exchange related to immature alveolar structure
What is an action used to manage respiratory distress syndrome in newborns?
Postnatal surfactant replacement therapy
What are amniotic fluid phospholipid levels useful for assessing in fetuses?
Fetal lung maturity
Which factor is associated with a risk for imbalanced nutrition in newborns?
Increased nutrient needs due to respiratory distress syndrome treatment
What should be monitored frequently when managing a burn injury patient?
Respiratory status
Why is it important to assess the amount of urine obtained when a urinary catheter is inserted in a burn patient?
To assess pre-burn renal function and fluid status
In what scenario would cardiac monitoring be initiated for a burn patient?
History of cardiac or respiratory problems
What should be arranged for patients with facial burns based on the provided information?
Assessment for corneal injury
Why is it important to assess the depth of wound in a burn injury patient?
To identify areas of full and partial thickness injury
What aspect of neurologic status should be assessed in a burn injury patient?
Consciousness and psychological status
How can healthcare providers prevent complications of immobility in patients?
Encourage deep breathing and turning
What is a recommended method for preventing contractures and hypertrophic scarring after wound closure?
Initiating passive and active range-of-motion exercises
What is recommended to promote comfort during the healing phase?
Frequent lubrication of the skin with water or a silicabased lotion
How can healthcare providers assist patients in developing coping strategies?
Setting specific expectations for behavior and promoting truthful communication
Why is it important to encourage early sitting and ambulation in patients?
To prevent complications of immobility like atelectasis and pneumonia
What should healthcare providers monitor for when applying splints or functional devices for contracture control?
Signs of vascular insufficiency, nerve compression, and skin breakdown
Study Notes
Maternal and Child Health Nursing Care
- The nursing care of at-risk/high-risk/sick clients (newborn/children) aims to promote health, prevent disease, restore and maintain health, and rehabilitate.
Small for Gestational Age (SGA)
- SGA infants are born with a birth weight below the 10th percentile on an intrauterine growth curve for that age.
- Causes of SGA include:
- Mother's nutrition
- Placental anomaly
- Women with systemic diseases
- Smoking and using narcotics
- Intrauterine infections
- Chromosomal abnormalities
- Assessment of SGA:
- Prenatal: fundic height, sonogram, biophysical profile, and ultrasound
- Appearance: below average weight, length, and head circumference, wasted appearance, small liver, wide skull sutures, dull and lusterless hair, and sunken abdomen
- Nursing diagnoses:
- Ineffective breathing pattern related to underdeveloped body systems at birth
- Risk for ineffective thermoregulation related to lack of subcutaneous fat
- Risk for impaired parenting related to child's high-risk status and possible cognitive impairment from lack of nutrients
- Nursing interventions:
- Assess daily weights
- Monitor respiratory rate, depth, and character
- Provide parental teaching and emotional support
- Encourage bonding
Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)
- Prevention and treatment:
- Delay labor until fetal lung maturity
- Postnatal surfactant replacement therapy with oxygen and ventilator support
- Medications
- Regular prenatal check-ups
- L/S ratio (lecithin/sphingomyelin) to assess fetal lung maturity
- Nursing diagnoses:
- Impaired gas exchange related to immaturity of the newborn's lungs and diminished surfactant
- Risk for imbalanced nutrition, less than body requirements
- Ineffective breathing pattern related to surfactant deficiency, alveolar instability, and pulmonary immaturity
- Impaired gas exchange related to immature alveolar structure and inability to maintain lung expansion
Burn Care
- Nursing interventions:
- Assess circumstances surrounding the injury
- Monitor vital signs, respiratory status, and apical, carotid, and femoral pulses
- Measure fluid intake and output
- Monitor body temperature, body weight, and history of pre-burn weight
- Assess neurologic status, pain, and anxiety levels
- Check peripheral pulses on burned extremities hourly
- Promote comfort during healing phase with oral antipruritic agents, a cool environment, and frequent lubrication of the skin
- Prevent complications of immobility by deep breathing, turning, and proper repositioning
- Encourage early sitting and ambulation
- Apply splints or functional devices to extremities for contracture control
- Strengthen coping strategies by setting specific expectations, promoting truthful communication, and giving positive reinforcement
Test your knowledge on caring for mothers and children at risk or with health problems in the NCM 109 Maternal and Child Health Nursing course. This quiz covers topics such as acute and chronic conditions and nursing care techniques. Get ready to assess your understanding of maternal and child healthcare practices!
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