NCLEX ATI Flashcards: Lab Values

Questions and Answers

What is the sodium lab value range?

136-150 mEq/L

136-145 mEq/L (correct)

135-145 mEq/L

130-140 mEq/L

What is the potassium lab value range?

4.0-5.5 mEq/L

3.5-4.0 mEq/L

3.0-4.5 mEq/L

3.5-5.0 mEq/L (correct)

What is the total calcium lab value range?

9.5-11.0 mg/dL

10.0-12.0 mg/dL

9.0-10.5 mg/dL (correct)

8.5-10.0 mg/dL

What is the total magnesium lab value range?

1.3-2.1 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

What is the phosphorous lab value range?

3.0-4.5 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

What is the BUN lab value range?

10-20 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

What is the creatinine lab value range for males?

0.6-1.2 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

What is the glucose lab value range?

70-105 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

What is the HbA1c lab value range for women?

<blockquote> 55 mg/dL </blockquote> Signup and view all the answers

What is the LDL lab value range?

< 130 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

What is the WBC lab value range?

5,000-10,000/mm3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the RBC lab value range for males?

4.7-6.1 million cells/µL Signup and view all the answers

What is the hemoglobin lab value range for females?

12-16 g/dL Signup and view all the answers

What is the hematocrit lab value range for males?

42-52% Signup and view all the answers

What is the platelet lab value range?

150,000-400,000/mm3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH lab value range?

7.35-7.45 Signup and view all the answers

What is the pCO2 lab value range?

35-45 mmHg Signup and view all the answers

What is the HCO3 lab value range?

21-28 mmol/L Signup and view all the answers

What is the pO2 lab value range?

80-100 mmHg Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal PT/INR lab value for a therapeutic INR?

2-3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal PTT lab value range?

30-40 sec Signup and view all the answers

What is the digoxin lab value range?

0.8 to 1.4 ng/mL Signup and view all the answers

What is the lithium lab value range?

0.8 to 1.4 mEq/L Signup and view all the answers

What is the dilantin lab value range?

10-20 mcg/mL Signup and view all the answers

What is the theophylline lab value range?

10 to 20 mcg/mL Signup and view all the answers

What are latex allergies associated with?

Bananas, apricots, cherries, grapes, kiwis, passion fruit, avocados, chestnuts, tomatoes, and/or peaches. Signup and view all the answers

What is the order of assessment?

Inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation. Signup and view all the answers

What does COAL stand for in cane walking?

Cane, Opposite, Affected, Leg. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'step up' refer to in crutch walking?

The good leg goes up first followed by the crutches and the bad leg. Signup and view all the answers

What is a 3 point gait used for?

Allows the patient to be mobile without bearing weight on the affected extremity. Signup and view all the answers

What should RNs NOT delegate?

Evaluate, Assess, Teach. Signup and view all the answers

What is medical asepsis?

Clean technique. Signup and view all the answers

What is surgical asepsis?

Sterile technique. Signup and view all the answers

What infections require airborne precautions?

Measles, chicken pox, herpes zoster, TB. Signup and view all the answers

What infections require droplet precautions?

Sepsis, scarlet fever, strep, pertussis, pneumonia, parvovirus, influenza, diphtheria, epiglottitis, rubella, mumps, adenovirus. Signup and view all the answers

What infections require contact precautions?

MRSA, VRSA, RSV, skin infection, wound infections, enteric infections, eye infections. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a Venturi mask?

Most precise O2 delivery. Signup and view all the answers

What is an aerosol mask used for?

Good for patients with facial trauma. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Lab Values

Sodium: 136-145 mEq/L
Potassium: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Total Calcium: 9.0-10.5 mg/dL
Total Magnesium: 1.3-2.1 mg/dL
Phosphorous: 3.0-4.5 mg/dL
BUN: 10-20 mg/dL
Creatinine: 0.6-1.2 mg/dL (Men), 0.5-1.1 mg/dL (Women)
Glucose: 70-105 mg/dL
HbA1c: ≤ 45 mg/dL; Women > 55 mg/dL
LDL: < 130 mg/dL
WBC: 5,000-10,000/mm³
RBC: 4.7-6.1 (Men), 4.2-5.4 (Women)
Hemoglobin: 14-18 (Men), 12-16 (Women)
Hematocrit: 42-52% (Men), 37-47% (Women)
Platelet: 150,000-400,000/mm³
pH: 7.35-7.45
pCO2: 35 to 45 mm Hg
HCO3: 21-28 mmol/L
pO2: 80-100 mmHg
Normal PT: 11-12.5 sec; Normal INR: 0.7-1.8 (Therapeutic INR 2-3)
Normal PTT: 30-40 sec (Therapeutic PTT 1.5 - 2x normal)

Medication Lab Values

Digoxin: 0.5 to 2.0 ng/mL
Lithium: 0.8 to 1.4 mEq/L
Dilantin: 10-20 mcg/mL
Theophylline: 10 to 20 mcg/mL

Patient Safety and Considerations

Latex Allergies: Be aware of cross-sensitivity with foods like bananas, avocados, and chestnuts.
Order of Assessment: General sequence is Inspection, Palpation, Percussion, Auscultation; for abdomen it's IAPP - Inspect, Auscultate, Percuss, Palpate.

Gait & Mobility

Cane Walking: Follow COAL (Cane, Opposite, Affected, Leg).
Crutch Walking: Good leg goes up first ("step up") followed by crutches, then affected leg. Opposite for going down ("up to heaven, down to hell").
3-Point Gait: For non-weight bearing on a leg.

Delegation of Tasks

RNs should not delegate tasks they can EAT (Evaluate, Assess, Teach).
Nursing assistants can perform tasks like vital signs and bathing but cannot interpret results.
PN (Practical Nurse) tasks may be delegated under RN supervision after competency is established.

Infection Control

Medical Asepsis: Clean technique.
Surgical Asepsis: Sterile technique.

Transmission-Based Precautions

Airborne Precautions: For Measles, Chickenpox, TB; requires negative pressure room and masks.
Droplet Precautions: For Sepsis, Scarlet Fever, Strep, etc.; requires private rooms and masks.
Contact Precautions: For MRSA, RSV, etc.; requires gloves, gowns, and private rooms.

Oxygen Delivery

Venturi Mask: Delivers 4-10 L/min, precise for patients with chronic lung disease (COPD).
Aerosol Mask/Face Tent: Suitable for patients with facial trauma or similar conditions.

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Description

Test your knowledge on essential lab values including sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorous. This quiz will help you prepare for the NCLEX exam by reinforcing important clinical information. Perfect for nursing students seeking a quick review of key lab results.