Questions and Answers
What is the sodium lab value range?
What is the potassium lab value range?
What is the total calcium lab value range?
What is the total magnesium lab value range?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the phosphorous lab value range?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the BUN lab value range?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the creatinine lab value range for males?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the glucose lab value range?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the HbA1c lab value range for women?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the LDL lab value range?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the WBC lab value range?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the RBC lab value range for males?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the hemoglobin lab value range for females?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the hematocrit lab value range for males?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the platelet lab value range?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the pH lab value range?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the pCO2 lab value range?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the HCO3 lab value range?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the pO2 lab value range?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the normal PT/INR lab value for a therapeutic INR?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the normal PTT lab value range?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the digoxin lab value range?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the lithium lab value range?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the dilantin lab value range?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the theophylline lab value range?
Signup and view all the answers
What are latex allergies associated with?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the order of assessment?
Signup and view all the answers
What does COAL stand for in cane walking?
Signup and view all the answers
What does 'step up' refer to in crutch walking?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a 3 point gait used for?
Signup and view all the answers
What should RNs NOT delegate?
Signup and view all the answers
What is medical asepsis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is surgical asepsis?
Signup and view all the answers
What infections require airborne precautions?
Signup and view all the answers
What infections require droplet precautions?
Signup and view all the answers
What infections require contact precautions?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of a Venturi mask?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an aerosol mask used for?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Lab Values
- Sodium: 136-145 mEq/L
- Potassium: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
- Total Calcium: 9.0-10.5 mg/dL
- Total Magnesium: 1.3-2.1 mg/dL
- Phosphorous: 3.0-4.5 mg/dL
- BUN: 10-20 mg/dL
- Creatinine: 0.6-1.2 mg/dL (Men), 0.5-1.1 mg/dL (Women)
- Glucose: 70-105 mg/dL
- HbA1c: ≤ 45 mg/dL; Women > 55 mg/dL
- LDL: < 130 mg/dL
- WBC: 5,000-10,000/mm³
- RBC: 4.7-6.1 (Men), 4.2-5.4 (Women)
- Hemoglobin: 14-18 (Men), 12-16 (Women)
- Hematocrit: 42-52% (Men), 37-47% (Women)
- Platelet: 150,000-400,000/mm³
- pH: 7.35-7.45
- pCO2: 35 to 45 mm Hg
- HCO3: 21-28 mmol/L
- pO2: 80-100 mmHg
- Normal PT: 11-12.5 sec; Normal INR: 0.7-1.8 (Therapeutic INR 2-3)
- Normal PTT: 30-40 sec (Therapeutic PTT 1.5 - 2x normal)
Medication Lab Values
- Digoxin: 0.5 to 2.0 ng/mL
- Lithium: 0.8 to 1.4 mEq/L
- Dilantin: 10-20 mcg/mL
- Theophylline: 10 to 20 mcg/mL
Patient Safety and Considerations
- Latex Allergies: Be aware of cross-sensitivity with foods like bananas, avocados, and chestnuts.
- Order of Assessment: General sequence is Inspection, Palpation, Percussion, Auscultation; for abdomen it's IAPP - Inspect, Auscultate, Percuss, Palpate.
Gait & Mobility
- Cane Walking: Follow COAL (Cane, Opposite, Affected, Leg).
- Crutch Walking: Good leg goes up first ("step up") followed by crutches, then affected leg. Opposite for going down ("up to heaven, down to hell").
- 3-Point Gait: For non-weight bearing on a leg.
Delegation of Tasks
- RNs should not delegate tasks they can EAT (Evaluate, Assess, Teach).
- Nursing assistants can perform tasks like vital signs and bathing but cannot interpret results.
- PN (Practical Nurse) tasks may be delegated under RN supervision after competency is established.
Infection Control
- Medical Asepsis: Clean technique.
- Surgical Asepsis: Sterile technique.
Transmission-Based Precautions
- Airborne Precautions: For Measles, Chickenpox, TB; requires negative pressure room and masks.
- Droplet Precautions: For Sepsis, Scarlet Fever, Strep, etc.; requires private rooms and masks.
- Contact Precautions: For MRSA, RSV, etc.; requires gloves, gowns, and private rooms.
Oxygen Delivery
- Venturi Mask: Delivers 4-10 L/min, precise for patients with chronic lung disease (COPD).
- Aerosol Mask/Face Tent: Suitable for patients with facial trauma or similar conditions.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on essential lab values including sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorous. This quiz will help you prepare for the NCLEX exam by reinforcing important clinical information. Perfect for nursing students seeking a quick review of key lab results.