Naya Kashmir Manifesto Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What was the primary focus of the Naya Kashmir Manifesto?

  • Cultural heritage preservation
  • Military reconstruction
  • Economic, social, political, and cultural reconstruction (correct)
  • Environmental protection

    • Who was considered the author of the Naya Kashmir Manifesto?

  • Jawaharlal Nehru
  • Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah
  • B.P.L Bedi (correct)
  • Bakshi Ghulam Muhammad

    • Which aspect did the Naya Kashmir Manifesto particularly emphasize?

  • Privatization of industries
  • Establishment of councils for various sectors (correct)
  • Military alliances
  • Increased taxation

    • What role did Bakshi Ghulam Muhammad play in the post-independence era of Jammu and Kashmir?

    <p>He transformed the Naya Kashmir Manifesto into practical governance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the most significant part of the Naya Kashmir Manifesto?

    <p>The National Economic Plan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Naya Kashmir Manifesto advocate concerning production instruments?

    <p>Their socialization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following sectors was NOT directly mentioned as part of the Naya Kashmir Manifesto's objectives?

    <p>Military development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year was the Naya Kashmir Manifesto adopted?

    <p>1944</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was considered one of the greatest achievements in the construction sector during this period?

    <p>Development of the Banihal tunnel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Kashmir Chalo Campaign influence the local economy?

    <p>It improved connectivity between urban and rural areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which project was launched to enhance road connectivity within the State?

    <p>City bus service</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What measures were taken to improve local infrastructure?

    <p>Electrification of villages and anti-flood measures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did the Department of Information play during the campaign?

    <p>It propagated developmental ideas to multiple audiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant outcome of the established silk and woolen factories?

    <p>They contributed to the generation of employment opportunities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sector received a boost along with the improvement of tourism?

    <p>Film industry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key benefit of the electrification of villages?

    <p>Enhanced agricultural productivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the Five Year Plans was funded by the Centre?

    <p>90%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What unique funding structure was provided to the Special State compared to other states?

    <p>70% Loan and 30% Grant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which developmental aspect received special attention and saw an unprecedented increase?

    <p>Women education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was established in Srinagar during the period discussed?

    <p>Medical and Engineering Colleges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of financial assistance structure is noted for other Special Category States?

    <p>90% Grant and 10% Loan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who drafted the Educational Policy of the State in 1955?

    <p>G.M. Sadiq</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of education was incorporated into the curriculum aside from job-oriented education?

    <p>Language education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a consequence of central financial assistance for the state?

    <p>Indebtedness on the Centre</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact did women's education have on their role in society?

    <p>It enhanced their presence in various fields.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant transformation occurred in 1949 regarding the Cultural Front?

    <p>It was renamed Cultural Congress and began publishing a journal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Dina Nath Nadim?

    <p>A prominent progressive Kashmiri poet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary focus of the efforts taken by the Dogra rulers and the Abdullah Government?

    <p>Providing better health services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What change occurred after Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad assumed power in 1953?

    <p>Efforts were made to improve health services significantly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the content of Dina Nath Nadim's celebrated opera ‘Bomber Te Yemberzal’?

    <p>A satire on political misrule in Kashmir.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Prof. Ram Nath Shastri contribute to literature?

    <p>By infusing new life into the literary movement through Dogri Sanstha.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant challenge faced in the health care services before 1953?

    <p>Insufficient resources hindered substantial improvement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the significant increases in health services by the end of the 1960s?

    <p>Increase in the number of hospitals from 2 to 19</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which award did Rehman Rahi receive for his literary work?

    <p>Sahitya Akademi Award</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary goal of the cultural policy mentioned in the content?

    <p>To promote a liberal and tolerant outlook</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the title of Rehman Rahi's famous poem that criticized government policies in Kashmir?

    <p>Maefi Nama</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is TRUE about Dinoo Bhai Pant?

    <p>He was awarded the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1985.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a major action taken to enhance health services for the people?

    <p>Abolition of operation fees in state hospitals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which literary form did Dinoo Bhai Pant’s work NOT include?

    <p>Essays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many dispensaries were there at the end of the 1960s?

    <p>401</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary purpose of Lalla Rookh Publications?

    <p>To collect and compile literature related to Kashmir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year was the J&K Academy of Art, Culture and Languages established?

    <p>1958</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What unique contribution did Jashn-i-Kashmir make to Kashmiri culture?

    <p>Brought various aspects of Kashmiri culture to light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following activities was NOT incorporated by the J&K Academy of Art, Culture and Languages?

    <p>Visual arts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the cultural intelligentsia, including poets like Dina Nath Nadim, react to Bakshi’s regime?

    <p>They used satire and irony to critique certain policies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which entity did the Cultural Academy develop ties with?

    <p>Sahitya Akademi, New Delhi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What overall impact did the government's policies during Bakshi's regime have on the people?

    <p>Improved the standard of living</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happened to Lalla Rookh Publications in 1957?

    <p>It was disbanded and incorporated into the Department of Information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Post-Independence Era: Jammu and Kashmir on the Path of Modernization

    • The chapter examines economic and social changes in Jammu and Kashmir from 1947 to 1963.
    • It traces the trajectory of governance, planned economy, state building, reforms in agrarian, education, and health sectors, and various developmental programs initiated under the Naya Kashmir Manifesto.
    • The chapter also describes how the programs initiated under Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah were practically enforced under Bakshi Ghulam Muhammad's leadership.

    Naya Kashmir Manifesto: An Important Document

    • The National Conference, the most popular political party in the state, adopted the Naya Kashmir Manifesto on September 29, 1944.
    • This manifesto was a comprehensive plan for the region's economic, social, political, and cultural reconstruction.
    • The manifesto outlined a plan for national economic development, establishment of councils for national education, cultural upliftment, women's rights, communication, and health.
    • It advocated socialization of production and reorganization of property relationships.
    • The document served as the basis of the Directive Principles of State Policy when the Jammu and Kashmir constitution was adopted on November 17, 1956.

    End of Dogra Rule and the Establishment of New Government

    • Maharaja Hari Singh appointed Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah as head of the Emergency administration on October 30, 1947, after the accession of Jammu and Kashmir to India.
    • Sheikh Abdullah served as Chief Emergency Officer until March 5, 1948.
    • Hari Singh transferred powers to his son, Yuvraj Karan Singh, who later became the first Sadar-i-Riyasat in 1952.

    Important Key Words

    • Envisage: To foresee
    • Socialist Welfare State: A form of government protecting citizens' economic and social well-being.

    Priority of the Nascent State (Economic Reforms)

    • Land Reforms: The abolition of Jagirs, Muafis, and Mukararies (except those granted to religious places) was abolished in 1948.
    • The 'Grow More Food' scheme was launched to combat food shortages.
    • The State Tenancy Act of 1924 was amended in October 1948 to guarantee fixity of tenure and restrict rent for tenants.
    • An Act was passed to alleviate distress of the poor (Distressed Debtors Relief Act of 1950) to address indebtedness.

    Impact of Land Reforms

    • Land reforms curtailed landlords' privileges, empowering peasants.
    • Reforms gave the peasant class a renewed sense of confidence through land ownership.
    • Land reforms generated dynamic momentum for agricultural development and incentivized investment by peasants.

    Agricultural Expansion (Irrigation Projects)

    • Post-1950, irrigation projects were prioritized.
    • A department of irrigation was established under the Public Works Development Organization.
    • Investments in irrigation increased the annual food production from 82.56 lakh mounds in 1951–52 to 166.10 lakh mounds in 1964–65.
    • Irrigation efforts aimed at reducing reliance on rainfall.

    Infrastructural Development (Roads and Buildings)

    • Significant road construction efforts began after 1947, especially under Bakshi Ghulam Muhammad's leadership.
    • The Banihal tunnel, designed by German engineers, was a crucial development.
    • City bus service connected remote towns and villages.
    • Electrification and flood control improvements were implemented.

    Industrial Growth

    • Before 1947, the region primarily relied on handcrafted and handloom industries.
    • Post-1947, the state actively promoted industrialization (foundations of industrial estates).
    • Industries received technical and financial support from the Indian government.

    Kashmir Chalo Campaign: Tourism and Film Industry

    • The "Kashmir Chalo" campaign significantly boosted tourism and the film industry in the region.
    • Government initiatives included improved air services, abolished permit system, and enhanced hotel facilities.
    • Tourism promotion efforts utilized various media and outreach programmes.
    • This increased the visibility of the Kashmir region, boosting economic activity.

    Financial Support and State Building Project

    • Jammu and Kashmir received significant financial support from the Central Government.
    • 90% of the state's Five-Year Plans were centrally funded.
    • This financial aid contrasted with the state receiving only 30% as a grant.

    Growth of Modern Education

    • Education was prioritized, viewed as a tool for social and economic advancement.
    • During Bakshi's tenure (1953-1963) central government funding for education expanded greatly.
    • The policy during Bakshi's tenure included increasing teacher salaries, making primary to university education free, establishing institutions (intermediate college for girls, colleges for women, the University of Jammu and Kashmir) and incorporating job-oriented education to the curriculum.

    Cultural Policy

    • The state established the J&K Academy of Art, Culture and Languages in 1958.
    • The State government hosted a cultural festival ('Jashn-i-Kashmir' in 1956) to promote cultural exchange.

    Lalla Rookh Publications (1955-1957)

    • This organization collected and distributed Kashmir-related literature.

    Jashn-i-Kashmir.

    • The state hosted the first-ever cultural festival in 1956

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    Post Independence Era: Jammu and Kashmir on the Path of ModerniSation PDF

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    Test your knowledge about the Naya Kashmir Manifesto, its authors, and the key concepts it proposed for the region of Jammu and Kashmir. Explore the impacts of the manifesto on infrastructure and local economy post-independence. This quiz covers significant achievements and initiatives launched during that period.

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