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Questions and Answers
What does the prefix 're' in the word research signify?
Which characteristic of the scientific method involves the gathering of factual information?
What is the purpose of hypotheses in the scientific method?
Which of the following is NOT an objective of research?
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What does the analysis stage of research primarily involve?
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Which stage of the research process involves reaching conclusions after thorough data analysis?
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According to the content, which goal of research includes predicting possible outcomes?
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What is the significance of conducting replication in research?
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What is the primary focus of Chapter 1 in a research thesis?
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Which component specifically outlines the boundaries of a research study?
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What is typically included in the 'Statement of the problem' section?
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What does the 'Significance of the study' address?
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Which part of a thesis contains the general statement of the research problem?
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What is described in the 'Background of the study' section?
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Which chapter of a research thesis presents the findings and recommendations?
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Which section of a research study must align with the 'Statement of the problem'?
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What is the primary purpose of citation in a manuscript?
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Which format is commonly used for citing sources in academic writing?
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What is a key factor that distinguishes paraphrasing from direct quoting?
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Why is it important to include a list of references at the end of a document?
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What can happen if written works are copied without acknowledging the source?
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Which of the following is NOT a method of citing source materials?
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In-text citations generally follow which format when directly quoting a source?
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What does referencing demonstrate in academic writing?
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What is the correct format for citing an author when quoting directly from a source?
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How should a paraphrased text be cited?
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Which of the following is true about a summarized content citation?
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What should be included in a Reference List of a research work?
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When citing a statement from an author who is quoted, what comes after the quoted material?
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Which statement accurately describes the citation of specific ideas from a source?
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What is the correct order for citing sources in the Reference List?
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Which format is appropriate for introducing a new learning approach according to the given guidelines?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of research design mentioned?
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What is the primary purpose of using sampling techniques in research?
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Which sampling technique involves selecting groups rather than individuals?
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What does sampling error refer to in research?
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In which sampling technique are subgroups of the population chosen?
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Which of the following best describes systematic sampling?
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Which research design is most likely to require hypothesis testing?
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What characteristic must the researcher ensure in their sample to avoid sampling error?
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Study Notes
Nature and Inquiry of Research
- Research, derived from the French "recherche," means "to search again," involving systematic data gathering to address claims or solve problems.
- Scientific methods in research emphasize empirical data, observation, hypothesis formulation, and rigorous analysis.
- Essential characteristics of Scientific Method:
- Empirical: Based on direct observation and experience.
- Question-driven: Focused on answerable inquiries.
- Hypotheses: Educated guesses explaining phenomena.
- Experiments: Confirm scientific procedures ensuring accuracy and reliability.
- Analyses: Data analyzed using statistical methods.
- Conclusion: Derived from objective inferences drawn from data.
- Replication: Repeating studies with different participants for validation.
- Importance of research includes validating phenomena, solving problems, establishing knowledge, and testing the effectiveness of solutions.
- Research goals encompass describing phenomena, predicting outcomes based on current knowledge, and understanding causes behind observed events.
Parts of the Thesis Format Research
- Structure of a thesis includes five chapters:
- Background of the study
- Review of Related Literature (RRL)
- Methodology
- Presentation and Analysis of Data
- Summary of Findings, Conclusion, and Recommendations.
- Chapter 1 (Introduction):
- Nature and background of the study outline what prompted research.
- Statement of the problem establishes measurable research questions.
- Objectives must align with the statement of the problem.
- Significance addresses contributions to stakeholders and society.
- Scope and limitations define research boundaries in terms of time, samples, and locations.
Citation and Referencing
- Citation acknowledges original sources, helping verify information and preventing plagiarism.
- Types of citations:
- Direct quotes require author's surname, date, and page number.
- Paraphrases include surname and year.
- Summaries should also reference author and year.
- In-text citation can follow direct quotes, paraphrases, or summaries formatted with parenthesis.
- Reference lists provide complete publication details in alphabetical order at document's end.
Methodology
- Methodology focuses on data collection and sampling procedures.
- Research design categories include descriptive, correlational, causal-comparative, quasi-experimental, and experimental.
- Sampling techniques are critical for selecting representative population samples:
- Random sampling ensures each individual has an equal chance of selection.
- Stratified sampling targets specific subgroups within a population.
- Cluster sampling selects entire groups randomly, maintaining homogeneity.
- Systematic sampling involves selecting every nth individual from a list.
- Sampling error denotes discrepancies between sample and population; mitigating it requires sampling homogeneity.
- Hypothesis testing applies primarily in quasi-experimental or experimental designs.
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Description
Explore the systematic approach and scientific methods involved in research. This quiz covers the characteristics of the scientific method and its importance in validating knowledge and addressing problems. Test your understanding of key research concepts and methodologies.
