Questions and Answers
What is the primary role of the decoder in the communication process?
Which of the following best describes the term 'barrier' in communication?
Which function of communication is illustrated by a doctor's prescription instructing a patient to take medication?
What does the process of encoding involve in the communication process?
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Which statement is true about the nature of communication?
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What does 'feedback' refer to in the context of communication?
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In what way can communication function as a motivational tool?
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How does context affect communication?
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What is an example of a directive illocutionary act?
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Which of the following is a commissive illocutionary act?
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What does the term ‘turn-taking’ refer to in conversations?
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Which illocutionary act is used to limit responses?
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What does topic shifting involve in a conversation?
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Which of the following illustrates a declaration illocutionary act?
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What does the expressive illocutionary act primarily consist of?
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Which illocutionary act would involve ending a conversation?
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What does Berlo's Model of Communication emphasize?
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Which barrier to communication arises from the conditions affecting the receiver's ability to understand a message?
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What is one way to effectively resolve communication breakdowns according to Rogers?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the 7 Cs of Effective Communication?
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What factor contributes to attitudinal barriers in communication?
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In the context of communication, what is 'Dysfunctional Feedback'?
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What does the principle of 'Concreteness' refer to in effective communication?
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Which factor can hinder effective communication due to speaker's assumptions?
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What does the term 'frozen style' refer to in speech styles?
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Which act involves the actual utterance of a word, sound, or phrase?
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What is the main characteristic of consultative style in speech?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of act in Austin's Speech Act Theory?
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What does an assertive act in speech act theory express?
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In which speech style do speakers typically use formal words and expressions?
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Which type of act refers to the social function or intended meaning behind what is said?
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What is the focus of perlocutionary acts in speech act theory?
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What does rapport with the audience help to create?
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Which text structure involves comparing multiple things to identify similarities and differences?
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What should be considered for effective public speaking?
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Which of the following does NOT reflect the speaker's thinking and emotional attitudes?
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What is the primary purpose of movements during a speech?
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Which factor is NOT affected by a shift in speech?
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What should be the first step in writing a speech?
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Which aspect is important for maintaining grammatical correctness in a speech?
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Study Notes
Nature and Elements of Communication
- Communication involves sending and receiving information through verbal or nonverbal means.
- Key processes include decoding (interpreting messages), encoding (converting ideas into words or actions), and feedback (responses from the receiver).
- Context refers to the environment where communication occurs, influencing understanding.
- Barriers (physical, emotional, attitudinal, and physiological) can disrupt the flow of communication.
Functions of Communication
- Control: Directing behavior, e.g., doctors giving prescriptions.
- Social Interaction: Facilitating relationships, e.g., marriage proposals.
- Motivation: Encouraging improvement in behavior, e.g., motivational speeches.
- Information Dissemination: Sharing knowledge or data, e.g., specific information about locations.
Barriers to Effective Communication
- Physiological Barriers: Related to physical conditions of the receiver, like hearing impairments.
- Physical Barriers: Geographic distance affecting communication effectiveness.
- Attitudinal Barriers: Prejudices or biases affecting perceptions between communicators.
7 Cs of Effective Communication
- Completeness: Providing all necessary information.
- Conciseness: Being brief and to the point.
- Consideration: Acknowledging the receiver's background and context.
- Concreteness: Focusing on factual content.
- Courtesy: Showing respect for the receiver's culture and attributes.
- Clearness: Ensuring the message is simple and easy to understand.
- Correctness: Maintaining accuracy in language and grammar.
Speech Styles
- Frozen Style: Fixed language used in formal situations (e.g., ceremonies).
- Formal Style: Uses formal words, usually one-way communication.
- Consultative Style: Involves interaction and feedback from listeners.
Speech Act Theory
- Locutionary Act: The actual act of saying something.
- Illocutionary Act: The intended meaning or social function behind the utterance.
- Perlocutionary Act: The effect of the utterance on the listener.
Types of Speech Acts (Searle's Classification)
- Assertive: Expresses belief about truth (e.g., stating, suggesting).
- Directive: Attempts to elicit action from the listener (e.g., requesting).
- Commissive: Commits the speaker to a certain action (e.g., promising).
- Expressive: Conveys the speaker's feelings (e.g., apologizing).
- Declaration: Brings about a change in the external situation (e.g., firing).
Communicative Strategies
- Nomination: Presenting topics clearly.
- Restriction: Controlling responses to guide conversation.
- Turn-Taking: Ensuring smooth conversation flow.
- Topic Control: Managing shifts and interruptions in conversation.
- Repair: Addressing communication problems.
- Termination: Signaling the end of interaction.
Facial Expressions and Movements
- Facial expressions convey thoughts and emotions.
- Movement helps secure and maintain audience interest.
- Gestures serve as purposeful body movements enhancing communication.
Text Structures in Speech
- Description: Providing details about a subject.
- Sequence: Presenting information in chronological order.
- Cause & Effect: Comparing subjects to identify similarities and differences.
- Problem & Solution: Identifying a problem with subsequent solutions.
Word Choice and Public Speaking
- Use of jargon or technical terms should be appropriate for the audience.
- Grammatical correctness and clarity are essential for effective communication.
- Understanding the audience and purpose enhances the effectiveness of the speech.
- The introduction should engage the audience, while the conclusion leaves a lasting impression.
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Description
This quiz explores the key aspects of communication, including its nature, functions, and barriers. It covers processes like decoding and encoding, the importance of context, and how various barriers can affect communication effectiveness. Test your understanding of these fundamental concepts in communication studies.
