Natural Resins and Their Uses

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which constituent is present in α-pinene?

24 sesquiterpene hydrocarbon

Diterpenes

Anthraquinone glycosides

33% β-pinene (correct)

What is one of the uses of Copaiba?

Treatment for skin rashes

Antiseptic for urinary infections (correct)

Pain relief for migraines

Antibacterial agent for respiratory diseases

Which of the following is a use of the resin from Podophyllum?

Pain relief for arthritis

Antioxidant effects

Enhancement of wound healing (correct)

Treatment for high blood pressure

Which is a major constituent of Aloe?

Anthraquinone glycosides Signup and view all the answers

What therapeutic effect is associated with Copaiba's constituents?

Anti-inflammatory Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is Aloe commonly used to treat?

Gingivitis Signup and view all the answers

Podophyllum is primarily used as a...

Purgative agent Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT a characteristic of Copaiba?

Is derived from a fruit Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main uses for the volatile oil component found in α-pinene?

Furniture polishes Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is directly treated using Copaiba?

Infection control in the bladder Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary constituent of colophony (rosin)?

Abietic acid Signup and view all the answers

Which cancer treatments are associated with Etoposide?

Neuroblastoma Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a use of colophony?

General anesthetic Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of podophyllotoxins is found in the Indian variety?

Up to 40% Signup and view all the answers

From which family does myrrh originate?

Burseraceae Signup and view all the answers

What is Turpentine oil primarily obtained from?

Oleoresin of Pinus species Signup and view all the answers

Which is a use of podophyllin?

Treatment of warts Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components is NOT associated with colophony?

Resin from Commiphora Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of β-peltatin in the American variety of podophyllotoxins?

Contains 5% of it Signup and view all the answers

Which balm is derived from a resinous material?

Colophony Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of opium?

Unripe capsules of Papaver somniferum Signup and view all the answers

Which alkaloid found in opium is known for its potent analgesic properties?

Morphine Signup and view all the answers

What health benefit is attributed to the consumption of opioids?

Improves skin, hair, and nails Signup and view all the answers

Which alkaloid is recognized for having a lower addiction potential compared to morphine?

Codeine Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of gelatin mentioned in the applications of opium?

Serves as a coating for capsules Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant characteristic of the latex obtained from the opium poppy?

It darkens from white to brown upon standing Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following refers to a potential use of morphine?

Treating severe pain Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of opium consists of mineral salts?

1-2% Signup and view all the answers

What effect does thebaine have on the central nervous system?

Producing convulsions Signup and view all the answers

How is opium latex collected?

By incising the unripe capsules Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Colophony (Rosin)

Family: Pinaceae
Constituents: 1.84% resin (abietic acid)
Origin: Dried residue after distilling volatile oil from Pinus species (e.g., palustris, toeda)
Uses: Ingredient in ointments, varnishes, adhesives, printing inks, incense, perfumes. Mild antiseptic action, insecticide, solvent for waxes, furniture polishes, and synthetic camphor production.

Myrrh

Family: Burseraceae
Origin: Oleogum-resin from Commiphora species.
Constituents: Volatile oil (7-17%), gum (57-61%), resin (25-40%).
Uses: Soreness, swelling, gingivitis, loose teeth, bad breath, chapped lips. Used topically for hemorrhoids, bedsores, wounds, and boils. Also, for sciatica, cold/flu prevention, neuropathy, and treatment for parasites like Schistosoma and fasciola.

Copaiba

Family: Fabaceae
Origin: Oleoresin obtained by incision from Copaifera species trunks.
Constituents: 24 sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (e.g., α-Copaene, β-caryophyllene). Diterpenes are also present
Uses: Urinary antiseptic, inflammation of the bladder, sore throats.

Podophyllum

Family: Berberidaceae.
Origin: Podophyllum hexandrum (Indian) and Podophyllum peltatum (American).
Uses: Cytotoxic agent, preventing wart tissue growth.

Aloe (dried juices)

Family: Liliaceae
Origin: Liquid that drains from transversely cut leaves of Aloe species.
Constituents: Anthraquinone glycosides (e.g., barbaloin)
Uses: Purgative, wound healing, anti-inflammatory effects. Also used as a treatment for asthma, hair loss, and as a cancer chemotherapy agent. Most common type is Aloe Vera.

Papaver Capsule-opium (latex)

Source: From unripe capsules of Papaver somniferum (poppy).
Collection: Latex (milky emulsion) is collected by incision in the early morning.
Constituents: Over 40 alkaloids, including papaverine, narceine, narcotine, morphine, codeine (methylmorphine), and thebaine (dimethylmorphine).
Therapeutic Uses: Analgesic for severe pain (e.g., post-operative, bone fractures, burns, cancer pain, angina); codeine is an effective cough suppressant with lower addiction potential; thebaine is a CNS stimulant; heroin is a highly potent derivative of morphine.
Side Effects: Tolerance, physical dependence, addiction; withdrawal symptoms include insomnia, pain, tremors, and severe discomfort.
Agar: a gelatinous substance derived from red seaweed. Components: agarose and agaropectin. Uses in Biology: growing microorganisms, Food Industry: as a thickener, stabilizer, and texture enhancer; Health: laxative effect.
Gelatin: Obtained from boiling animal tissues (collagenous ligaments, tendons, skin). Uses in Pharmaceuticals and Food.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Explore the fascinating world of natural resins like Colophony, Myrrh, and Copaiba. Dive into their origins, chemical constituents, and various applications in medicines and products. This quiz will test your knowledge on these important botanical materials.