Natural Products in Medicine and Origins

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Questions and Answers

What term is used to describe materials that were considered safe and used as food?

Beneficial materials (correct)

Toxic materials

Nutritional substances

Harmful substances

All observed effects of materials are considered harmful.

False

What factors determine how the materials were used in treating symptoms or diseases?

The observed effects of the materials.

If he observed other effects, they were considered __________.

beneficial Signup and view all the answers

Match the following descriptions with their corresponding terms:

Materials with harmful effects = Not safe for consumption Materials with no harmful effects = Considered safe for food Other observed effects = Evaluated for treatment use Actions taken based on effects = Influence treatment decisions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following civilizations is NOT mentioned as using plants medicinally?

Rome Signup and view all the answers

Plants were used medicinally in Egypt before the Christian era.

True Signup and view all the answers

Name one of the four civilizations that used plants for medicinal purposes.

China, India, Egypt, or Greece Signup and view all the answers

Plants were used medicinally in _____ and Greece long before the Christian era.

China Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ancient civilizations with their known use of plants:

China = Medicinal use of plants India = Medicinal use of plants Egypt = Medicinal use of plants Greece = Medicinal use of plants Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe substances produced by living cells?

Biomolecules Signup and view all the answers

Synthetic compounds occur naturally in the environment.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a natural source that undergoes slight chemical modification for improved properties?

Extracts Signup and view all the answers

____________ do not occur in nature.

Synthetic compounds Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their descriptions:

Volatile oils = Extracts from plants that easily evaporate Aqueous extracts = Substances extracted using water Alcoholic extracts = Substances extracted using alcohol Natural sources = Origin of substances that are not artificially created Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a natural substance used for biological activity?

Atropine Signup and view all the answers

Gums and resins can be considered natural substances of biological origin.

True Signup and view all the answers

Name one type of natural substance that has a biological activity.

Atropine Signup and view all the answers

Cortisone is an example of a __________ hormone.

sex Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of substances with their examples:

Gums = Natural substances Resins = Biological activity Contraceptive = Sex hormones Cortisone = Hormonal injections Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a natural red dye obtained from an entire insect?

Cochineal Signup and view all the answers

Talc/chalk is classified as a plant organ.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the edible substance obtained from the latex of plants?

Opium Signup and view all the answers

Beeswax is classified as a __________.

natural substance Signup and view all the answers

Match the following plant organs with their respective uses:

Cinnamon bark = Flavoring and fragrance Dry Senna leaf = Laxative 4-Clove bud = Culinary use Mentha = Flavoring in food and beverages Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Natural Products

Substances produced by living cells are natural products.
Synthetic compounds do not occur in nature.
Natural Products can undergo slight chemical modifications to improve their solubility, absorbance, or biological activity.

Natural Products in Medicine

Plants were used medicinally in China, India, Egypt, and Greece long before the beginning of the Christian era.

Natural Product Origins

Natural products can be of plant or animal origin.
Natural products possess pharmacological properties and therapeutic actions.
Natural products have undergone only the processes of harvesting and basic processing.

Examples of Natural Products from Various Sources

Plant sources:
- Clove bud: Plant organ
- Senna leaf: Plant organ
- Mentha: Entire plant
- Cinnamon bark: Plant organ
Animal sources:
- Cochineal: Entire insect (Used as a natural red dye)
- Gelatin from animals
Mineral sources:
- Talc/Chalk
Other natural products:
- Opium (Latex)
- Beeswax
- Gum

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Description

Explore the fascinating world of natural products and their significance in medicine. This quiz covers various sources, including plants and animals, and the pharmacological properties of these natural substances. Discover how these products have been used historically and their modifications for improved efficacy.