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Questions and Answers
What significant act was passed in 1924 that affected Native Americans' citizenship status?
What is one restriction imposed on Native Americans regarding trade?
Which group is described as wanting to maintain the status quo regarding Native American rights?
What power does Article 1, Section 8 grant Congress concerning Native Americans?
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What is a contemporary issue faced by Native Americans now?
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How has US policy shifted regarding Native American self-determination?
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What rights are Native Americans struggling to retain?
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Which of the following best describes the relationship between treaties and Native American powers?
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What characterized the lifestyle of Native Americans prior to European colonization?
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What was one of Christopher Columbus's main goals during his expeditions?
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Which term describes the discrimination faced by Native Americans despite being the original inhabitants of America?
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What is meant by 'membership status' within a tribal nation?
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How was the perception of European superiority reflected in their policies towards Native Americans?
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In what context did European colonizers view Native Americans?
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Which of the following best defines the term 'Indigenous Rights'?
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What was one implication of European expansion for Native American communities?
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What does self-determination refer to in the context of Native American tribes?
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How does sovereignty apply to Native American tribes?
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What does plenary power of the US government mean in relation to Native American tribes?
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What was the primary legal struggle of Carrie Dann & Mary Dann regarding their territory?
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Which constitutional amendment was significant for granting citizenship to Native Americans?
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Which statement about the council system for Native American tribes is correct?
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What is the implication of being labeled as 'wards' by the US government?
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What characteristic defines the sovereignty of Native American tribes?
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Study Notes
Native American Rights and Struggles
- The Indian Citizenship Act of 1924 granted full US citizenship to all Native Americans (NA).
- NAs retain a degree of economic sovereignty.
- The US has shifted towards supporting NA self-determination.
Native American Sovereignty and Self-Determination
- Self-determination: The capacity of NA tribes to decide their own social, cultural, and political decisions without the intervention of the state.
- Self-government: The survival of tribes; not being dependent on the state; tribal government.
- Sovereignty: The capacity of tribes to decide on their own; tribal sovereignty.
Native American Historical Context
- Native Americans are the origin/beginning of American civilization.
- European colonizers embedded their ideologies into Native Americans disrupting their cultures and systems.
- Christopher Columbus explored North America seeking a new route to India, China, Japan, and the Spice Islands.
- Colonization led to the spread of Christianity and the indoctrination of people.
Native American Historical Struggles
- Native Americans were forced to inhabit their original economic, political, and social identity to comply with western development.
- The US government believed Europeans were superior to other races.
- European colonizers used land ownership as a tool to control Native Americans.
- Western Shoshone Territory was impacted by cyanide heap leach gold mining, and other industrial activities.
- Carrie Dann and Mary Dann were at the forefront of a legal struggle over Western Shoshone territory from Nevada, California, Idaho, and Utah.
Native American Economic Rights
- Article 1, Section 8 of the US Constitution permits Congress to make all laws pertaining to Indian trade.
- The US imposes policies on NAs, impacting their economic sovereignty.
- The US has full control of what NA trade and with whom.
Native American Legal and Political Rights
- NAs have a diminutive sovereignty, which is not self-determination but dependence.
- The US has “plenary power” (absolute) to act as “trustee” for tribal “wards”.
- Not all NAs were able to adopt the council system.
- An Indian tribe is sovereign to the extent that the US permits it to be sovereign.
- NAs have a two-sided relationship with the US government, between treaties implying the NA's powers.
Native American Rights in the US Constitution
- 1787 US Constitution: Native Americans were not considered US citizens and viewed as separate nations or tribes.
- Present US Constitution: NAs are recognized, but not fully solidified within the US framework.
- 14th Amendment (1868): Granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the US, recognizing the importance of NA but did not solidify it.
Modern Native American Struggles
- Republicans want the status quo to stay for NA rights.
- Democrats protest for equal rights and social welfare for NAs.
- The US policy has shifted towards supporting NA self-determination.
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Description
Explore the complex history and ongoing struggles for Native American rights and sovereignty. This quiz covers key legislation like the Indian Citizenship Act, concepts of self-determination, and the impact of colonization on Native American cultures. Test your knowledge on these important topics influencing Native American communities today.
