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Questions and Answers
What was the primary response to the British colonial rule in India?
What was the result of the British policy of Drain of Wealth in India?
What influenced the growth of nationalism among Indians?
Who led the Moderate Phase of Nationalism in India?
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What was the effect of the Indian Councils Act of 1892 on the nationalist movement?
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What inspired Indians to fight for their own freedom?
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What was the primary goal of the Quit India Movement?
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Who was the leader of the Non-Cooperation Movement?
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What was the main aim of the Swadeshi Movement?
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Who became the first Prime Minister of independent India?
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What was the name of the movement led by Mahatma Gandhi from 1930 to 1934?
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Who was a revolutionary who fought against British rule and was executed in 1931?
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Study Notes
Nationalism in India
Introduction
- Nationalism in India was a movement that emerged in the late 19th century and continued till India gained independence in 1947
- It was a response to the British colonial rule and the exploitation of Indian resources
Causes of Nationalism in India
- Economic exploitation: British policies like the Drain of Wealth, exploitation of Indian resources, and the destruction of Indian industries led to poverty and discontent among Indians
- Social and cultural changes: The introduction of Western education and the influence of Western ideas led to the growth of a new generation of Indians who were aware of their rights and demanded freedom
- Political and administrative reforms: The British government's reforms, such as the Indian Councils Act of 1892 and the Government of India Act of 1909, created a sense of nationalism among Indians
- Influence of international events: The success of nationalist movements in other countries, such as the American and French Revolutions, inspired Indians to fight for their own freedom
Phases of Nationalism in India
- Moderate Phase (1885-1905): Led by moderates like Dadabhai Naoroji, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, and Mahadev Govind Ranade, who believed in gradual and peaceful reforms
- Extremist Phase (1905-1917): Led by extremists like Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, and Bipin Chandra Pal, who believed in more radical and militant methods to achieve independence
- Gandhian Phase (1917-1947): Led by Mahatma Gandhi, who used non-violent resistance and civil disobedience to achieve independence
Key Events and Movements
- Swadeshi Movement (1905): A movement that encouraged the use of Indian goods and the boycott of British goods
- Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922): A movement led by Gandhi that aimed to boycott British goods and institutions
- Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-1934): A movement led by Gandhi that aimed to defy British laws and regulations
- Quit India Movement (1942): A movement led by Gandhi that demanded an immediate end to British rule in India
Important Figures
- Mahatma Gandhi: A key leader of the Indian independence movement who used non-violent resistance and civil disobedience to achieve independence
- Jawaharlal Nehru: A key leader of the Indian independence movement who became the first Prime Minister of independent India
- Subhash Chandra Bose: A leader who formed the Indian National Army to fight against the British
- Bhagat Singh: A revolutionary who fought against British rule and was executed in 1931
Nationalism in India
Introduction
- Emerged in the late 19th century, continued till India gained independence in 1947
- Response to British colonial rule and exploitation of Indian resources
Causes of Nationalism in India
- Economic exploitation by British led to poverty and discontent among Indians
- Destruction of Indian industries, and drain of wealth from India to Britain
- Social and cultural changes led to growth of a new generation of Indians aware of their rights and demanding freedom
- Western education introduced Western ideas, influenced Indians to fight for their freedom
- Political and administrative reforms created a sense of nationalism among Indians
- Success of nationalist movements in other countries inspired Indians to fight for their own freedom
Phases of Nationalism in India
Moderate Phase (1885-1905)
- Led by moderates like Dadabhai Naoroji, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, and Mahadev Govind Ranade
- Believed in gradual and peaceful reforms
Extremist Phase (1905-1917)
- Led by extremists like Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, and Bipin Chandra Pal
- Believed in more radical and militant methods to achieve independence
Gandhian Phase (1917-1947)
- Led by Mahatma Gandhi
- Used non-violent resistance and civil disobedience to achieve independence
Key Events and Movements
- Swadeshi Movement (1905): encouraged use of Indian goods, boycott of British goods
- Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922): boycotted British goods, institutions
- Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-1934): defied British laws, regulations
- Quit India Movement (1942): demanded immediate end to British rule in India
Important Figures
- Mahatma Gandhi: used non-violent resistance, civil disobedience to achieve independence
- Jawaharlal Nehru: key leader, became first Prime Minister of independent India
- Subhash Chandra Bose: formed Indian National Army to fight against British
- Bhagat Singh: revolutionary, fought against British rule, executed in 1931
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Description
Learn about the Nationalism movement in India from the late 19th century to 1947, its causes, and its response to British colonial rule. Explore the economic, social, and political factors that led to Indian independence.
