Nationalism and Decline of Empires

To address the weaknesses exposed by Russia's defeat in the Crimean War and to secure support from the landowners.

Serfs were legally freed but faced a 49-year debt to the government for land they received.

Nationalist movements among various ethnic groups led to internal divisions and the eventual separation into multiple nation-states.

<p>He returned to conservative rule but also encouraged industrial development in Russia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>19th century nationalism focused on independence and nation-building in Europe, while colonial nationalism centered on liberation from colonial powers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Extreme nationalism can lead to xenophobia, racism, ethnic cleansing, and wars.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nationalism threatened their unity by fostering ethnic tensions and internal divisions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Examples include Kurdish nationalism in the Middle East and Catalan nationalism in Spain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Italian nationalists sought the leadership of Piedmont-Sardinia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Count Camillo di Cavour was appointed as prime minister, working diligently to unify Italy through diplomacy and alliances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Napoleon III agreed to assist in driving Austria out of the Northern Italian provinces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Giuseppe Garibaldi led the 'Red Shirts,' capturing Sicily and contributing significantly to the unification of Southern Italy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The main obstacle was the dominance of the Austrian Empire over the German Confederation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The riots led to the drafting of a liberal constitution, paving the way for future unification efforts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rome became the capital of Italy after the unification in 1870.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nationalism fostered movements for unification and independence, leading to the formation of cohesive nation-states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Russification encouraged non-Russian minorities to adopt Russian identity, which often heightened their own nationalist sentiments as they resisted cultural assimilation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both empires faced rise in nationalism, inability to adapt to political changes, and weaknesses revealed during World War I.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hungarian nationalism manifested through Magyarization, promoting the Hungarian language, which led to resistance from other ethnic groups like Czechs and Slovaks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nationalism fostered a shared identity among people in Germany and Italy, leading to collective movements aimed at achieving political unity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Armenian genocide exemplified extreme nationalist tensions and the consequences of ethnic strife as the Ottoman Empire struggled to maintain control over diverse populations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Compromise created a dual monarchy granting Hungary greater autonomy, but it failed to fully address the demands of other ethnic groups, leading to continued tension.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The rise of nationalism during the empires' decline led various ethnic groups to seek self-determination, culminating in the formation of new nation-states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Habsburg monarchy struggled with competing nationalist demands and ethnic aspirations for autonomy, which undermined imperial cohesion.</p> Signup and view all the answers