National Power and State Interdependence

<p>A state that relies solely on imported natural gas without alternatives (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mobilizing domestic resources through state initiatives (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Economic stability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anarchy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When one state's efforts to increase its security leads to increased tensions with other states (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Offensive realists aim to gain as much power as possible, while defensive realists promote limited power acquisition. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Forming alliances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>State A's gains are measured against State B's losses. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anarchic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hegemony (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>More players exacerbate the defection problem. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>International law is ineffective due to lack of enforcement. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>One party's gain is another party's loss. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Self-interest and opportunism dominate. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>From single-play to iterated games. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The depletion of shared resources due to individual self-interest. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps with coordination and conflict resolution. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>IOs can gain autonomy and act independently (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The arrangement of benefits or consequences resulting from decisions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Promotion of unilateral actions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Principal-agent theory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By applying sanctions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By promoting economic interlinkage and shared values (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>IOs help reduce transaction and information costs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They see regimes as serving only their interests. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Entities such as NGOs and multinational corporations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It promotes international cooperation to further each nation’s interests. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Liberalism arose during the Enlightenment period. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Improve military capacity in nations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cooperation in one area can lead to collaboration in other areas. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Addressing economic inequities and social determinants of health (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They foster a risk-averse mentality through monitoring. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide standards and technical recommendations for public health goals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regional organizations should be prioritized over the UN in peacekeeping (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Confidence in lower-level cooperation can enhance security cooperation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>International regimes should not manage environmental programs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transitioning soldiers from national to UN authority (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emphasis on reducing government involvement in the economy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The influence of nation’s belief systems and culture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Economic inequities and other social determinants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It contributes to a shared understanding of risks and cooperation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure international cooperation for population protection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The absence of a central authority to enforce rules and settle disputes in the international system.

The basic unit of international politics, possessing a defined territory, population, government, and the ability to enter into relations with other states.

The relative power held by different states in the international system, influencing their actions and interactions.

Anarchical system where states are responsible for their own security and survival, relying on their own means to defend themselves.

A state's increase in power or resources compared to other states, even if its absolute gain is small.

A theory that states seek to maximize their power and influence to achieve hegemony, the dominant position in the international system.

A theory that states prioritize their security and seek to maintain their position within the international system, avoiding unnecessary conflicts.

A situation where states, seeking to enhance their security through military buildup, inadvertently increase the insecurity of other states, triggering an arms race.

A state's capacity to exert influence based on its resources, like population size and wealth, but not yet realized into actual power.

A state's ability to transform its potential power (resources like population and wealth) into actual power that can be used effectively on the international stage.

The mutual dependence between states for economic or other resources, where each state relies on the others for something essential.

The immediate impact on a state when another state's actions or disruptions affect its interests.

A state's ability to adapt and overcome negative consequences from external actions or disruptions.

Having more players in a game makes it more likely that people will act in their own self-interest (defect) because it's harder to monitor everyone and enforce cooperation.

In an anarchic international system, states often 'free ride' by enjoying the benefits of cooperation without contributing, because there's no central authority to enforce participation.

A situation where one person's gain is another person's loss. There's a fixed amount of resources, so one side must lose for the other to win.

A situation where both sides can gain from cooperation. There's potential for everyone to benefit without a need for one side to lose.

A situation where a shared resource is over-exploited by individuals acting in their own self-interest, ultimately depleting the resource for everyone.

International law seeks to govern relations between states by defining rights and obligations. However, 'power politics' argues that states primarily act based on their own power and interests, potentially undermining the effectiveness of international law.

Realists believe that international law is weak due to the lack of a central authority and enforcement mechanism. They argue that states will only follow laws if it's in their self-interest.

Liberals believe that international law can promote cooperation and order in the international system by providing a framework for coordination, defining boundaries, and acting as a signaling device.

A set of implicit or explicit principles, norms, rules, and decision-making procedures that shape actors' expectations and behavior in a specific area of international relations.

Storing and sharing information among states within an international regime to improve cooperation and manage risks.

International regimes often encourage states to avoid risky actions and follow well-defined procedures, especially when dealing with sensitive issues.

A belief in the possibility of a peaceful world order built on cooperation and interdependence between states, where everyone can benefit.

Liberalism draws heavily from 17th and 18th-century Enlightenment ideas emphasizing liberty, freedom, and individual rights.

A later development of liberalism, focusing on free markets, trade, and reducing government intervention.

The theory that cooperation in one area can spill over into other areas, leading to greater integration and eventually higher-level cooperation.

When cooperation in one area, like technical or economic issues, leads to cooperation in other areas, like security or political issues.

The system of rules, norms, and institutions that govern global health issues, aiming to protect populations from disease outbreaks and promote health equity worldwide.

Factors beyond healthcare that influence people's health, such as poverty, lack of education, environmental pollution, and gender inequality.

To provide guidance and technical support to countries for achieving public health goals, through setting standards, best practices, and recommendations.

A UN-led effort to stabilize and maintain peace in conflict-ridden areas, primarily through deploying peacekeeping troops and civilian personnel.

The transition of a peacekeeping operation from a regional force to a UN-led one, involving a change in command structure and mission objectives.

States' foreign policy decisions are not just driven by self-interest, but also by their values, beliefs, and cultural understandings of the world.

A nation's history, culture, and social values shape its foreign policy actions and interactions with other countries.

Constructivism argues that foreign policy is shaped by a nation's values and beliefs alongside its material interests like economic gain or security.

A theoretical approach in international relations that emphasizes the role of institutions in shaping state behavior. It argues that institutions, such as international organizations and regimes, can help states cooperate by reducing transaction costs, providing information, and establishing norms.

The costs associated with negotiating, monitoring, and enforcing agreements between states. These costs can be significant, making cooperation difficult in the absence of institutions.

International Organizations (IOs), such as the United Nations, World Trade Organization, and NATO, are formal institutions created by states to facilitate cooperation on a global scale.

IOs offer various benefits to member states, such as enhanced security, reduced transaction costs, improved communication, promotion of interstate relations, access to manpower and financial support, and dispute mediation.

IOs can gain autonomy over time, meaning they can act relatively independently of their founding states and pursue their own agendas.

This theory explains the tensions between states (principals) and IOs (agents), where IOs may develop their own interests that are not always aligned with the interests of their member states.

States can benefit from cooperating with each other through IOs, achieving objectives like promoting economic prosperity, fostering global welfare, developing shared values and norms, and managing international crises.

IOs can help states overcome problems associated with cooperation by providing a forum for discussion, establishing rules for participation, monitoring transparency, applying sanctions, reducing implementation costs, providing financial incentives, using moral persuasion, and managing disagreements.