40 Questions
Who is considered the father of modern evolution?
Charles Darwin
What is the primary outcome of evolution?
Gradual change of organisms over time
What is the term for a group of interbreeding individuals of the same species in a given geographic area?
Population
What is the source of variation in a population?
Mutation
What is the result of changes in the gene pool of a population?
Evolution
What is an example of gene flow?
Seeds dispersed by wind
What is a random change in a population's gene pool?
Mutation
What is responsible for both the similarities and diversity of life?
Evolution
What is the effect of gene flow on remaining populations of the same species?
It increases the similarity between populations
What is genetic drift?
The formation of a new population by a small group of individuals
What is not a requirement for genetic drift to occur?
A large population size
What is the primary driver of evolution, according to the text?
Natural selection
What determines which genes are passed on to offspring in natural selection?
Environmental pressures
What is an example of enhanced fitness?
All of the above
Who gathered facts about evolution for 25 years before publishing his book 'On the Origin of the Species'?
Charles Darwin
What is the result of natural selection on a population over time?
The population becomes better adapted to its environment
What is the primary purpose of fossil remains in geologic time scale?
To date and compare rocks across geological time
What is the broadest category in the hierarchy of time period categories?
Eon
What is used to establish the beginnings and endings of ages, epochs, periods, and other intervals?
The fossil record of widespread species
What is the basis for naming eras, periods, and epochs in geologic time?
Life forms that existed during each
What is the purpose of the International Chronostratigraphic Chart?
To show the relationships between geologic time units
What does the term 'Cenozoic era' refer to?
The era of new life
What is the main method used to establish the geologic time scale?
Fossil record
What is the hierarchy of time period categories in descending order of duration?
Eons, eras, periods, epochs, ages
What is the main objective of Module 5: Evolution?
To identify the different mechanisms affecting evolution
What is the primary difference between phylogeny and systematics?
Phylogeny is the study of evolution, while systematics is the study of classification
What is the purpose of the geologic time scale?
To understand the evolution of organisms over time
What is the expected outcome of Module 5: Evolution?
Students will be able to explain the process of evolution
What is the focus of the geologic time scale?
The evolution of organisms from ancient to present
What is the difference between an era and a period in the geologic time scale?
An era is a longer period of time, while a period is a shorter period of time
What is the purpose of tracing the development of organisms from ancient to present?
To understand the mechanisms of evolution
What is the expected outcome of learning about the geologic time scale?
Students will be able to describe the characteristics of different eras and periods
What is the smallest unit of geologic time?
Age
What does the term 'Upper' refer to in the context of geologic time?
The youngest part of the period
How is the geologic time scale constructed?
With the present time at the top, and progressively older time divisions as one reads down the scale
What is the purpose of the learning activity using Google Docs?
To engage students in a hands-on activity to learn about geologic time
What is the title of the book written by Antonio, Richard L., Ole, Abel F., and Garcia Ryan John G?
Science for the 21st Century Learner
What is the purpose of the assignment?
To engage students in a discussion about the characteristics of organisms and the roles of bacteria and viruses
What is the term for the oldest part of a period?
Lower
What is the purpose of the online resources provided?
To provide additional information for students who want to learn more about geologic time
Study Notes
Evolution
- Evolution is a gradual change of organisms over time, resulting in modern organisms descending from ancient organisms.
- Evolution occurs in populations, not individuals, due to changes in the gene pool.
Mechanisms of Evolution
- Mutation: a random change in a population's gene pool, resulting in new alleles and variation in the population.
- Gene flow: the transfer of genes from one population to another, leading to increased similarity between populations.
- Genetic drift: a mechanism of evolution that occurs when a small group of individuals leaves a population and establishes a new one in a geographically isolated region.
- Natural selection: the process by which the fittest individuals survive and contribute their genes to their offspring, driving adaptation to the environment.
Charles Darwin
- Considered the father of modern evolution
- Spent 25 years gathering facts about evolution before publishing his book "The Origin of the Species" in 1859
- Traveled the world as a naturalist on the ship Beagle, observing and analyzing the environment
Geologic Time Scale
- A hierarchy of time period categories used to characterize geologic time
- The broadest category is the Eon, followed by Era, Period, Epoch, and Age
- Fossil records are used to date and compare rocks across geological time
- The International Chronostratigraphic Chart is a standard chart showing the relationships between the various intervals of geologic time
Time Period Categories
- Eon: the broadest category of geologic time
- Era: a subdivision of an eon, characterized by a specific type of life form
- Period: a subdivision of an era, characterized by a specific type of life form
- Epoch: a subdivision of a period, characterized by a specific type of life form
- Age: the smallest unit of geologic time, also referred to as a "stage"
This module covers the fundamentals of evolution in biological science, introducing key concepts in the field of natural sciences.
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