NAT SCI 001: Module 5

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Questions and Answers

Who is considered the father of modern evolution?

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

Gregor Mendel

Charles Darwin (correct)

Albert Einstein

What is the primary outcome of evolution?

Emergence of new species

Extinction of existing species

Gradual change of organisms over time (correct)

Sudden transformation of species

What is the term for a group of interbreeding individuals of the same species in a given geographic area?

Ecosystem

Community

Species

Population (correct)

What is the source of variation in a population?

Mutation Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of changes in the gene pool of a population?

Evolution Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of gene flow?

Seeds dispersed by wind Signup and view all the answers

What is a random change in a population's gene pool?

Mutation Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for both the similarities and diversity of life?

Evolution Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of gene flow on remaining populations of the same species?

It increases the similarity between populations Signup and view all the answers

What is genetic drift?

The formation of a new population by a small group of individuals Signup and view all the answers

What is not a requirement for genetic drift to occur?

A large population size Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary driver of evolution, according to the text?

Natural selection Signup and view all the answers

What determines which genes are passed on to offspring in natural selection?

Environmental pressures Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of enhanced fitness?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Who gathered facts about evolution for 25 years before publishing his book 'On the Origin of the Species'?

Charles Darwin Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of natural selection on a population over time?

The population becomes better adapted to its environment Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of fossil remains in geologic time scale?

To date and compare rocks across geological time Signup and view all the answers

What is the broadest category in the hierarchy of time period categories?

Eon Signup and view all the answers

What is used to establish the beginnings and endings of ages, epochs, periods, and other intervals?

The fossil record of widespread species Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis for naming eras, periods, and epochs in geologic time?

Life forms that existed during each Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the International Chronostratigraphic Chart?

To show the relationships between geologic time units Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Cenozoic era' refer to?

The era of new life Signup and view all the answers

What is the main method used to establish the geologic time scale?

Fossil record Signup and view all the answers

What is the hierarchy of time period categories in descending order of duration?

Eons, eras, periods, epochs, ages Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of Module 5: Evolution?

To identify the different mechanisms affecting evolution Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between phylogeny and systematics?

Phylogeny is the study of evolution, while systematics is the study of classification Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the geologic time scale?

To understand the evolution of organisms over time Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected outcome of Module 5: Evolution?

Students will be able to explain the process of evolution Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the geologic time scale?

The evolution of organisms from ancient to present Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between an era and a period in the geologic time scale?

An era is a longer period of time, while a period is a shorter period of time Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of tracing the development of organisms from ancient to present?

To understand the mechanisms of evolution Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected outcome of learning about the geologic time scale?

Students will be able to describe the characteristics of different eras and periods Signup and view all the answers

What is the smallest unit of geologic time?

Age Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Upper' refer to in the context of geologic time?

The youngest part of the period Signup and view all the answers

How is the geologic time scale constructed?

With the present time at the top, and progressively older time divisions as one reads down the scale Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the learning activity using Google Docs?

To engage students in a hands-on activity to learn about geologic time Signup and view all the answers

What is the title of the book written by Antonio, Richard L., Ole, Abel F., and Garcia Ryan John G?

Science for the 21st Century Learner Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the assignment?

To engage students in a discussion about the characteristics of organisms and the roles of bacteria and viruses Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the oldest part of a period?

Lower Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the online resources provided?

To provide additional information for students who want to learn more about geologic time Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Evolution

Evolution is a gradual change of organisms over time, resulting in modern organisms descending from ancient organisms.
Evolution occurs in populations, not individuals, due to changes in the gene pool.

Mechanisms of Evolution

Mutation: a random change in a population's gene pool, resulting in new alleles and variation in the population.
Gene flow: the transfer of genes from one population to another, leading to increased similarity between populations.
Genetic drift: a mechanism of evolution that occurs when a small group of individuals leaves a population and establishes a new one in a geographically isolated region.
Natural selection: the process by which the fittest individuals survive and contribute their genes to their offspring, driving adaptation to the environment.

Charles Darwin

Considered the father of modern evolution
Spent 25 years gathering facts about evolution before publishing his book "The Origin of the Species" in 1859
Traveled the world as a naturalist on the ship Beagle, observing and analyzing the environment

Geologic Time Scale

A hierarchy of time period categories used to characterize geologic time
The broadest category is the Eon, followed by Era, Period, Epoch, and Age
Fossil records are used to date and compare rocks across geological time
The International Chronostratigraphic Chart is a standard chart showing the relationships between the various intervals of geologic time

Time Period Categories

Eon: the broadest category of geologic time
Era: a subdivision of an eon, characterized by a specific type of life form
Period: a subdivision of an era, characterized by a specific type of life form
Epoch: a subdivision of a period, characterized by a specific type of life form
Age: the smallest unit of geologic time, also referred to as a "stage"

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Description

This module covers the fundamentals of evolution in biological science, introducing key concepts in the field of natural sciences.

NAT SCI 001: Module 5 - Evolution

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