Nasal Cavity & Paranasal Sinuses Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following bones does not contribute to the formation of the nasal cavity roof?

  • Maxilla (correct)
  • Sphenoid bone
  • Frontal bone
  • Ethmoid bone

    • Which of the following structures is not directly involved in preventing food from entering the nasal cavity during eating?

  • Nasopharynx
  • Soft palate
  • Uvula
  • Inferior concha (correct)

    • Which of these is not a proposed function of the paranasal sinuses?

  • Humidifying inspired air
  • Lightening the weight of the head
  • Producing sound for speech (correct)
  • Supporting the immune defense of the nasal cavity

    • Which paranasal sinus is located within the frontal bone?

    <p>Frontal sinus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the type of epithelium that lines the paranasal sinuses?

    <p>Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the goblet cells found in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses?

    <p>To produce mucus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a true statement regarding the formation of the paranasal sinuses?

    <p>They are composed of specialized cartilage tissue. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the fleshy projection at the back of the throat that helps prevent food from entering the nasal cavity during eating?

    <p>Uvula (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary sensory function of the nasal cavity?

    <p>Sense of smell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nasal cavity is most exposed to the environment?

    <p>Vestibule (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary blood supply to the frontal sinuses?

    <p>Anterior Ethmoid artery (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of goblet cells found in the respiratory region of the nasal cavity?

    <p>Secreting mucus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of epithelium lines the vestibule of the nasal cavity?

    <p>Stratified squamous epithelium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the sphenoid sinuses open into the nasal cavity?

    <p>Spheno-ethmoidal recess (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which components make up the medial wall of the nasal cavity?

    <p>Ethmoid bone and vomer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve innervates the maxillary sinuses?

    <p>Infraorbital nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the olfactory region of the nasal cavity?

    <p>Contains olfactory receptor proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sinuses open onto the lateral wall of the middle meatus?

    <p>Anterior Ethmoid sinuses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential complication can arise from a respiratory tract infection concerning the sinuses?

    <p>Sinusitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region begins at the end of the vestibular region in the nasal cavity?

    <p>Respiratory region (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure is formed by the lower front part of the nasal septum?

    <p>Hyaline cartilage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which arteries provide blood supply to the ethmoid sinuses?

    <p>Anterior and posterior ethmoid arteries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can inflammation of the maxillary sinus mimic?

    <p>Toothache (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sinus is the largest among the paranasal sinuses?

    <p>Maxillary sinuses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Nasal Cavity Structure

    The nasal cavity is bordered by nasal bones, frontal bone, ethmoid, maxilla, and palate.

    Paranasal Sinuses

    Air-filled extensions of the nasal cavity, include maxillary, frontal, sphenoid, and ethmoid sinuses.

    Function of Paranasal Sinuses

    Lighten head weight, support immunity, humidify air, increase voice resonance.

    Hard Palate

    Separates nasal cavity from oral cavity; forms the floor of the nasal cavity.

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    Nasal Cavity Connection

    Connects with the oral cavity through the nasopharynx at the back of the throat.

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    Ciliated Pseudostratified Epithelium

    Type of lining in paranasal sinuses, contains goblet cells for mucus secretion.

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    Frontal Sinuses

    Two sinuses located within the frontal bone; the most superior of the sinuses.

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    Soft Palate and Uvula

    Close off the connection between nasal and oral cavities during eating to prevent food entry.

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    Nasal Cavity

    The internal space behind the nostrils involved in smell, respiration, and speech.

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    Vestibule

    The area just behind the nostrils, lined with protective skin and vibrissae.

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    Respiratory Region

    The section of the nasal cavity involved in breathing, lined with ciliated epithelium and goblet cells.

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    Olfactory Region

    The upper part of the nasal cavity responsible for the sense of smell, lined with olfactory cells.

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    Medial Wall

    The septum that divides the nasal cavity into two equal sections.

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    Septum

    The structure that divides the nasal cavity formed by bone and cartilage.

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    Vibrissae

    Stiff hairs located in the vestibule that trap particles and provide protection.

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    Sphenoid Sinuses

    Sinuses located within the Sphenoid bone, opening into the Spheno-ethmoidal recess.

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    Ethmoid Sinuses

    Three sinuses within the Ethmoid bone; anterior opens onto the Hiatus Semilunaris.

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    Maxillary Sinuses

    Largest sinuses located laterally and inferior to the nasal cavity, draining via Hiatus Semilunaris.

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    Sinusitis

    Infection that spreads from the upper respiratory tract to the sinuses causing inflammation.

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    Innervation of Frontal Sinus

    Supplied by the Supraorbital nerve, a branch of the Ophthalmic nerve.

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    Blood Supply to Maxillary Sinus

    Receives blood from branches of the Alveolar Arteries, Infraorbital, and Greater Palatine Arteries.

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    Respiratory Tract Infection

    An infection that can spread to the sinuses, leading to sinusitis.

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    Study Notes

    Nasal Cavity & Paranasal Sinuses

    • The nose is the primary sensory organ for smell, and also plays a role in respiration and speech production.
    • The nasal cavity lies behind the nostrils, forming the interior of the nose.
    • The nasal cavity is part of the respiratory system, along with the paranasal sinuses, oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx.

    Intended Learning Outcomes

    • Students will learn about the structure of the nasal cavity and its significance.
    • Students will identify the position and clinical significance of different paranasal sinuses.
    • Students will demonstrate an understanding of these structures' anatomy.
    • Students will recognize the clinical significance of these structures in relation to health and disease.

    The Nasal Cavity

    • The nose is a primary sensory organ responsible for smell.
    • The nose is involved in respiration and speech production.
    • The nasal cavity is located behind the nostrils.
    • The nasal cavity is part of the respiratory system, which also includes paranasal sinuses, oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx.

    Vestibule

    • The vestibule is the area just behind the nostrils and is directly exposed to the environment.
    • It's lined with stratified squamous epithelium for protection.
    • The vestibule contains vibrissae (stiff hairs) embedded in the cell lining, covered with thick mucus.

    Respiratory Region

    • Begins at the end of the vestibular region extending throughout the nasal cavity (except the olfactory region).
    • The respiratory region contains ciliated pseudostratified epithelium lining the cavity.
    • Goblet cells within the lining secrete mucus, forming the mucous membrane.

    Olfactory Region

    • Located near the septum in the superior aspect of the nasal cavity.
    • Lined with olfactory cells and olfactory mucosa.
    • The mucosa houses olfactory receptor proteins on cilia, which are responsible for the sense of smell.

    Bones Forming the Nasal Cavity Walls

    • Frontal bone, nasal bone, septal cartilage, vomer, and parts of the maxilla, ethmoid, and sphenoid bones comprise the walls and septum.

    Walls and Boundaries of the Nasal Cavity

    • The septum divides the nasal cavity into two equal parts.
    • The septum is constructed from bony and cartilaginous parts (perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone and vomer).
    • The lower front part of the septum is formed by a quadrangular hyaline cartilaginous structure called the septum cartilage.
    • The lower part of the smooth medial wall is visible externally and is divided by the two nostrils.

    Superior Border (Roof)

    • The roof of the nasal cavity is made up of the two nasal bones, the lower part of the frontal bone, the cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone, and the sphenoid bone.

    Anterior Border (Lateral Wall)

    • The lower part of the nasal bones, cartilage, outer nose, and nostrils comprise the anterior border of the nasal cavity.

    Posterior Border (Back Wall)

    • The posterior border involves various cranial bones like maxilla, ethmoid, palatine, and sphenoid bones, as well as the lacrimal bone and the inferior conchae.

    Floor

    • The floor of the nasal cavity is formed by the hard palate (palatine process of the maxilla and palatine bones).

    Nasopharynx

    • The nasal and oral cavities connect via the nasopharynx, located in the back of the throat.
    • Its function is to allow communication between the nasal and oral cavities.
    • The soft palate and uvula close off communication during eating to prevent food from entering the nasal cavity.

    Paranasal Sinuses

    • Four air-filled extensions of the nasal cavity, named according to the bone they reside in (maxillary, frontal, sphenoid, and ethmoid).
    • Lined with ciliated pseudostratified epithelium interspersed with mucus-secreting goblet cells.
    • Functions include lightening the skull, supporting the immune system of the nasal cavity, humidifying inhaled air, and enhancing voice resonance.
    • Openings to paranasal sinuses are on the roof and lateral walls of the nasal cavity.

    Frontal Sinuses

    • Two sinuses within the frontal bone, superiormost of the sinuses.
    • Roughly triangular shape.
    • Drain into the nasal cavity via the frontonasal duct, opening into the nasal cavity's middle meatus.
    • Innervation by the supraorbital nerve (branch of ophthalmic).
    • Blood supply from the anterior ethmoid artery (internal carotid branch).

    Sphenoid Sinuses

    • Located within the sphenoid bone and open into the nasal cavity's superior/posterior region (spheno-ethmoidal recess).
    • Innervated by posterior ethmoidal nerve (ophthalmic branch) and maxillary nerve branches.
    • Blood supply from pharyngeal branches of maxillary arteries.

    Ethmoid Sinuses

    • Three sinuses located within the ethmoid bone.
    • The anterior ethmoid sinuses open into the middle meatus.
    • Middle ethmoid sinuses open into the middle meatus.
    • Posterior ethmoid sinuses open into the superior meatus.
    • Innervated by branches of the nasociliary nerve, anterior, posterior ethmoidal, and maxillary nerves.
    • Blood supply from anterior and posterior ethmoid arteries.

    Maxillary Sinuses

    • The largest sinuses, positioned laterally and slightly inferior to the nasal cavity.
    • Drain into the nasal cavity via the hiatus semilunaris, underneath the frontal sinus opening.
    • May serve as a passageway for infection spread.
    • Innervation by branches of the alveolar nerve plus infraorbital nerve.
    • Blood supply from branches of alveolar arteries, plus infraorbital and greater palatine arteries.

    Clinical Relevance

    • Sinuses connect with the nasal cavity, facilitating spread of upper respiratory infections (URTIs), leading to sinusitis.
    • Patient positioning and aerosol use are essential for challenging breathing situations.
    • Inflammation of the maxillary sinuses can cause toothache due to maxillary nerve and tooth connections.

    Further Investigation

    • Students should research the meaning of "pseudostratified" in relation to epithelium.
    • Students should investigate the function of the olfactory bulb.

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    The Nasal Cavity & Paranasal Sinuses PDF

    Description

    This quiz tests your knowledge of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, focusing on their structures and clinical significance. Students will explore the anatomy of these respiratory system components and their roles in smell, respiration, and speech. Prepare to demonstrate your understanding of their health implications.

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