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Questions and Answers
Where do the sphenoid sinuses open into the nasal cavity?
What is the primary innervation for the ethmoid sinuses?
Which artery provides the blood supply for the maxillary sinuses?
What condition can develop when an upper respiratory tract infection spreads to the sinuses?
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Which nerve is associated with potential toothache due to inflammation in the maxillary sinus?
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What is the primary sensory function of the nasal cavity?
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Which type of epithelium lines the vestibule of the nasal cavity?
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What is the role of goblet cells found in the nasal cavity?
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What structure divides the nasal cavity into two equal sections?
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Where are olfactory cells located in the nasal cavity?
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Which structure is NOT part of the respiratory system along with the nasal cavity?
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What is the primary purpose of the vibrissae found in the nasal cavity's vestibule?
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What anatomical structure separates the nasal and oral cavities?
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Which bones contribute to the roof of the nasal cavity?
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What is the primary function of the paranasal sinuses?
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How many paranasal sinuses are identified in relation to the bones around the nasal cavity?
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What type of epithelium lines the paranasal sinuses?
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What is a function attributed to the paranasal sinuses?
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Which structure closes off the connection between the nasal cavity and the throat during eating?
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Which bones are part of the posterior border (back wall) of the nasal cavity?
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Which sinuses are located within the frontal bone?
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What role do the openings of the paranasal sinuses play?
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Study Notes
The Nasal Cavity
- The nasal cavity is the interior of the nose
- The nasal cavity is part of the respiratory system:
- Paranasal Sinuses
- Oral Cavity
- Pharynx
- Larynx
-
Vestibule:
- Area just posterior to nostrils
- Lined with stratified squamous epithelium
- Contains vibrissae: Stiff hairs covered in thick mucus
-
Respiratory Region:
- Begins at end of vestibule and encompasses the entire nasal cavity except for olfactory region
- Lined with ciliated pseudostratified epithelium
- Contains goblet cells that secrete mucus
-
Olfactory Region:
- Located at top of nasal cavity near septum
- Lined with olfactory cells and olfactory mucosa
- Contains cilia with olfactory receptor proteins responsible for sense of smell
-
Walls and Boundaries of the Nasal Cavity:
-
Medial Wall: Forms the septum dividing the nasal cavity in two equal sections
- Upper & Lower parts formed by perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone and vomer
- Lower front part formed by septum cartilage
- Superior Border: Roof of nasal cavity formed by the nasal bones, lower part of frontal bone, cribiform plate, sphenoid bone
- Anterior Border: Lateral wall formed by lower parts of nasal bones, cartilage, outer nose, nostrils
- Posterior Border: Bordered by maxilla, ethmoid bone, palatine bone, sphenoid bone, lacrimal bone, and inferior concha
- Floor: Hard palate formed by palatine process of maxilla and palatine bones
-
Medial Wall: Forms the septum dividing the nasal cavity in two equal sections
The Paranasal Sinuses
- These are four air-filled extensions of the nasal cavity:
- Maxillary
- Frontal
- Sphenoid
- Ethmoid
- Lined with ciliated pseudostratified epithelium and mucus-secreting goblet cells.
- Function:
- Lightening the weight of the head
- Supporting immune defense of the nasal cavity
- Humidifying inspired air
- Increasing resonance of the voice
-
Frontal Sinuses:
- Two sinuses located within the frontal bone
- Triangular in shape
- Drain via the frontonasal duct
- Opens onto the hiatus semilunaris in the middle meatus of the nasal cavity
- Innervation: Supraorbital nerve
- Blood Supply: Anterior ethmoid artery
-
Sphenoid Sinuses:
- Located within the sphenoid bone
- Open into the nasal cavity in the spheno-ethmoidal recess
- Innervation: Posterior ethmoidal nerve and branches of the maxillary nerve
- Blood supply: Pharyngeal branches of the maxillary arteries
-
Ethmoid Sinuses:
- Three sinuses within the ethmoid bone
- Anterior: Opens onto the hiatus semilunaris
- Middle: Opens onto the lateral wall of the middle meatus
- Posterior: Opens onto the lateral wall of the superior meatus
- Innervation: Anterior & Posterior ethmoid branches of the nasociliary nerve and maxillary nerve
- Blood Supply: Anterior & Posterior ethmoid arteries
-
Maxillary Sinuses:
- Largest sinuses located laterally and inferior to the nasal cavity
- Drain into the nasal cavity via the hiatus semilunaris
- Potential pathway for infection spread
- Innervation: Branches of the alveolar nerve and infraorbital nerve
- Blood Supply: Branches of alveolar arteries, infraorbital arteries and greater palatine arteries
Clinical Relevance of the Paranasal Sinuses
- Sinusitis: Inflammation and pain in the sinuses caused by spread of upper respiratory tract infections
- Toothache: Inflammation of the maxillary sinus can present as toothache due to shared nerve supply with the maxillary nerve
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Description
Explore the intricate anatomy of the nasal cavity, including its regions, structures, and functions within the respiratory system. This quiz covers key features such as the vestibule, respiratory, and olfactory regions, as well as the walls and boundaries that define them.
