Narrative, Tense & Suggestions

• Narrative, descriptive, recount, argumentative, and agreement are different types of writing or speech, each serving distinct purposes.
• Past and present tense are grammatical aspects of verbs indicating when an action takes place, crucial for conveying time in writing and speech.
• Giving and asking for suggestions are communicative functions used in social interactions for offering advice or seeking input.

Narrative

• Narrative writing or speech tells a story, often involving characters, setting, plot, conflict, and resolution.
• The primary purpose of a narrative is to entertain, inform, or engage the audience through a sequence of events.
• Narratives can be fictional or non-fictional, including novels, short stories, anecdotes, and biographical accounts.
• Key elements include a clear beginning, rising action, climax, falling action, and conclusion to create a coherent story arc.
• Effective use of imagery, dialogue, and pacing enhances the narrative's impact and emotional connection with the audience.

Descriptive

• Descriptive writing or speech uses vivid language to create a detailed picture of a person, place, thing, or event.
• The aim is to engage the reader's senses—sight, sound, smell, taste, and touch—to evoke a particular experience or feeling.
• Descriptive passages often rely on adjectives, adverbs, and figurative language to add depth and richness to the portrayal.
• In descriptive writing, sensory details are crucial for making the subject come alive in the reader's mind.
• Effective description provides specific and concrete details rather than vague or general statements.

Recount

• A recount is a type of writing or speech that retells an event or experience in a chronological order.
• Recounts typically focus on factual reporting and aim to inform the audience about what happened, when, where, and who was involved.
• They are commonly used in news reports, historical accounts, and personal diary entries.
• Key features of a recount include a clear timeline, accurate details, and objective tone.
• Unlike narratives, recounts primarily focus on conveying information rather than entertaining or creating suspense.

Argumentative

• Argumentative writing or speech presents a claim or thesis and supports it with evidence and reasoning.
• The goal is to persuade the audience to accept a particular viewpoint or take a specific action.
• Effective arguments require strong evidence, logical reasoning, and counterarguments.
• Argumentative texts often address opposing viewpoints to strengthen the writer's position.
• Rhetorical devices such as ethos, pathos, and logos are commonly used to enhance persuasiveness.

Agreement

• Agreement, in the context of writing and speech, refers to expressing consent, approval, or harmony with a statement, idea, or proposal.
• Grammatical agreement involves ensuring that different parts of a sentence (e.g., subject and verb, pronouns and antecedents) match in number and gender.
• In social interactions, agreement can be conveyed through verbal cues (e.g., "I agree," "That's right") or non-verbal cues (e.g., nodding).
• Reaching an agreement often involves negotiation, compromise, and mutual understanding between parties.
• Agreement is essential for effective communication, collaboration, and conflict resolution.

Past Tense

• Past tense is a grammatical verb form used to describe actions or events that have already occurred.
• It is essential for narrating stories, recounting historical events, and reporting past experiences.
• Regular verbs in the past tense typically end in "-ed" (e.g., walked, played, talked).
• Irregular verbs have unique past tense forms that must be memorized (e.g., go/went, see/saw, eat/ate).
• Consistent and accurate use of past tense is crucial for maintaining clarity and coherence in writing.

Present Tense

• Present tense is a grammatical verb form used to describe actions or states that are happening now or are generally true.
• It is commonly used for stating facts, describing habits, and expressing current feelings or opinions.
• Simple present tense is used for habitual actions (e.g., "I eat breakfast every morning") and general truths (e.g., "The sun rises in the east").
• Present continuous tense (e.g., "I am eating breakfast") is used for actions happening at the moment of speaking.
• Use of the present tense can create a sense of immediacy and directness in writing.

Giving and Asking for Suggestions

• Giving suggestions involves offering advice, recommendations, or ideas to someone.
• Common phrases for giving suggestions include "You should," "Why don't you," "I suggest," and "Have you considered."
• Asking for suggestions involves seeking input, advice, or recommendations from others.
• Phrases for asking for suggestions include "What do you think I should do," "Do you have any ideas," and "What would you suggest."
• Effective suggestions are specific, relevant, and considerate of the other person's needs and preferences.