Napoleon's Reign Overview

The middle class business and landowners in France who supported Napoleon's rise to power, as they benefited from his policies such as a fair tax system.

The French governmental body, mostly remnants from the Committee of Public Safety, who controlled the government after the Reign of Terror.

The nickname Napoleon received due to his remarkable leadership and military prowess, despite his relatively small stature.

Napoleon's attempt to replace Catholicism with a new atheistic religion, which was ultimately unsuccessful.

The site of Napoleon's first major military victory, where he defended the city and secured a promotion.

The year Napoleon was crowned Emperor for life at Notre Dame Cathedral, a significant turning point in his rise to power.

The warning shot fired by Napoleon at protesters in Paris in 1795, which secured him a promotion to Brigadier General.

Napoleon made a lasting impact on France, including equalizing the tax burden, expanding voting rights, and establishing a merit-based system for government jobs.

The site of Napoleon's Egyptian campaign, where he attempted to establish a strong presence in the Middle East.

The year Napoleon was appointed as the 'First Consul for life,' further solidifying his authority.

A unified territory in Italy under the direct rule of the Catholic Church.

An Italian nationalist group that advocated for a united Italy.

The founder of the nationalist group Young Italy, who pushed for Italian unification.

The King of Sardinia who helped unify Italy under his rule.

A pro-unification militia from southern Italy, known for their red uniforms.

The leader of the Red Shirts, known for his contributions to Italian unification.

A major conflict in Germany between Catholics and Protestants, fueled by religious divisions and political ambitions.

A treaty that ended the Thirty Years' War, limiting the power of the Habsburgs and establishing religious tolerance.

The name given to the uprising in France that began under the rule of King Charles X.

A French socialist reformer who attempted to establish the Second Republic in France.

A government established by socialist reformers in France, aiming to create a more equal society. However, it was quickly overthrown by the French electorate.

An initiative by Louis Blanc to provide jobs for poor workers in France by creating workshops. They aimed to ensure fair wages, but the number of job seekers exceeded available jobs, resulting in financial strain.

The nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte, who was elected as Napoleon III, Emperor of the French, through a popular vote in 1852.

A sense of pride and loyalty towards one's nation, often accompanied by a desire to see its success and advancement.

The home of the Catholic Church, located in Vatican City.

Meetings held in Vienna between 1814 and 1815, where representatives from European states and cities gathered to establish a new political order following the fall of Napoleon.

Financial institution established by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1800 to aid France's economic recovery after the French Revolution.

French legal code enacted in 1804 that replaced pre-revolutionary laws. It promoted civil liberties, equality before the law, and a secular state.

Alliance of Russia, Austria, and Britain formed to counter Napoleon's growing power and influence in Europe.

The site of Napoleon Bonaparte's final defeat in 1815, marking the end of his reign.

A small island off the African coast where Napoleon was exiled after his defeat at Waterloo. He lived here until his death.

The process of merging independent states into a single nation, often with a shared language and culture. Popular in Germany and Italy during the 19th century.

A group of 19 mostly German-speaking states, part of the Austrian Empire, formed in the 19th century.

Laws passed in 1819 that restricted free speech in German territories, suppressing calls for unification favored by students but opposed by Austria.

French king who angered his people by attempting to compensate nobles for land lost during the revolution. He abdicated and fled.