Naming Inorganic Compounds
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Questions and Answers

What is the result of the reaction between an acid and a base?

  • Coordination compound + H2O
  • Salt + H2O (correct)
  • Molecular compound + H2O
  • Addition compound + H2O

What is the term for when two or more compounds join together?

  • Double Salt
  • Molecular or Addition Compound (correct)
  • Simple salt
  • Coordination Compound

What is the central atom in a coordination compound?

  • Metal cation (correct)
  • Ligand
  • Neutral molecule
  • Counter ion

What is the term for the total number of atoms of the ligands that can coordinate to the central metal atom?

<p>Coordination Number (C.N.) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ions outside the square brackets in a coordination compound?

<p>Counter ion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with proposing correct structures for coordination compounds containing complex ions?

<p>Alfred Werner (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the number of bonds around the central atom in a coordination compound?

<p>Coordination Number (C.N.) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the direction of secondary valences in space?

<p>Fixed position (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of a ligand that binds to the central metal atom through two atoms?

<p>Bidentate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the ligand that binds to the central metal atom through one atom and can bind in two different ways?

<p>Ambidentate ligand (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the order of naming in a complex ion?

<p>Ligand then central metal atom (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of EDTA?

<p>Polydentate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the ligand that forms a ring structure with the central metal atom?

<p>Chelating ligand (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the order of naming in a neutral complex?

<p>One word (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Roman numeral in parentheses in the naming of a complex?

<p>To indicate the oxidation state of the central metal ion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct way to indicate a bridging ligand in the naming of a complex?

<p>Placing a µ- before its name (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the complex [PtCl2(NH3)2]?

<p>Diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the coordination number of the central metal ion in the complex [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2?

<p>6 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ligand name for F-?

<p>fluoro (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What suffix is added to the metal name when the complex ion is negative?

<p>ATE (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the ligand in the complex K[PtCl3NH3]?

<p>Ammonia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct way to indicate lattice water or solvent of crystallization in the naming of a complex?

<p>By placing a number before its name (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ligand name for NH2-?

<p>amido (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are multiple ligands named in a complex ion?

<p>In alphabetical order (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Greek prefixes in naming complex ions?

<p>To indicate the number of each ligand (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ligand name for CO?

<p>carbonyl (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ligand name for SCN-?

<p>thiocyanato (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are complicated ligands named in complex ions?

<p>Their name is written in parentheses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Coordination Compound

A compound formed by the reaction of a metal ion with surrounding molecules or ions that donate electron pairs to create coordinate bonds.

Neutralization Reaction

A chemical reaction between an acid and a base, producing salt and water.

Molecular Compound

Two or more compounds combined together, forming a new compound. Often involves water molecules.

Central Metal Ion

The central metal atom or ion in a coordination complex.

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Ligands

Molecules or ions that bond to the central metal ion in a coordination complex. They donate electron pairs to form coordinate bonds.

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Coordination Number (C.N.)

The total number of atoms of ligands directly bonded to the central metal ion in a coordination complex.

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Ligancy

The number of bonds a ligand forms with the central metal ion in a coordination complex.

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First Coordination Sphere

Denotes the ligands directly surrounding the central metal ion in a coordination complex.

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Counter Ions

Ions that are not directly bonded to the central metal ion in a coordination complex. They usually balance the charge of the complex.

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Werner's Coordination Theory

A theory proposed by Alfred Werner to explain the bonding in coordination compounds.

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Monodentate Ligand

A ligand that attaches to the central metal ion through only one coordinating atom.

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Bidentate Ligand

A ligand that attaches to the central metal ion through two coordinating atoms.

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Polydentate Ligand

A ligand that attaches to the central metal ion through three or more coordinating atoms.

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Bridging Ligand

A ligand that bridges (connects) between two or more central metal ions in a complex.

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Ambidentate Ligand

A ligand that can coordinate to the central metal ion through two or more different coordinating atoms.

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Flexidentate Ligand

A ligand that can coordinate to the central metal ion through a variable number of coordinating atoms.

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Naming Coordination Compounds: Part 1

The name of the cation is written first followed by the anion.

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Naming Coordination Compounds: Part 2

In a complex ion, the name of the ligand comes before the name of the central metal atom.

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Naming Ligands: Neutral

Neutral ligands are named with specific terms like 'aqua', 'ammine', 'carbonyl', 'nitrosyl'.

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Naming Ligands: Negative

Negative ligands are named with specific terms like 'fluoro', 'chloro', 'cyano', 'thiocyanato'.

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Naming Ligands: Positive

Positive ligands are named with specific terms like 'nitrosylium', 'hydrazinium'.

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Naming Coordination Compounds: Part 3

Greek prefixes (mono, di, tri, tetra, etc.) are used to indicate the number of each ligand.

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Naming Coordination Compounds: Part 4

If more than one type of ligand is present, they are named in alphabetical order.

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Naming Coordination Compounds: Part 5

When the complex ion is positive or neutral, the metal name remains as it is.

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Naming Coordination Compounds: Part 6

If the complex ion is negative, the name of the metal ends with the suffix 'ATE'.

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Naming Coordination Compounds: Part 7

A Roman numeral in parentheses indicates the oxidation state of the central metal ion.

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Naming Coordination Compounds: Part 8

Lattice water or solvent of crystallization follows the name and is preceded by the number of these groups in Arabic numbering.

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Naming Coordination Compounds: Part 9

A bridging ligand is indicated by placing a µ- before its name.

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Study Notes

Coordination Chemistry

  • Coordination compounds are formed by the reaction of a metal ion with surrounding molecules or ions that donate pairs of electrons to form coordinate bonds.

Simple Salts and Molecular Compounds

  • Acid + Base → Salt + H2O
  • Molecular or Addition Compounds: two or more compounds join together (e.g., KCl + MgCl2 + H2O → KCl.MgCl2.6H2O)

Coordination Compounds (Complexes)

  • Formed by a central metal atom/ion bonded to surrounding molecules or ions (ligands)
  • Examples: Fe(CN)2 + KCN → K4[Fe(CN)6]

Coordination Number (C.N.) and Ligancy

  • Total number of atoms of the ligands that can coordinate to the central metal atom
  • The number of bonds around the central atom

Coordination Sphere

  • 1st coordination sphere: enclosed in the square brackets [...........]
  • Counter ion: outside the square brackets [...........]

Werner’s Coordination Theory

  • Proposed by Alfred Werner (1866 - 1919), a Swiss chemist
  • He was the first inorganic chemist to win the Nobel prize
  • Postulates:
    • Metal ions exhibit primary and secondary valences
    • Secondary valences are directed towards fixed positions in space

Ligand Classification

  • Monodentate: attaches to the central metal ion through one donor atom (e.g., H2O, NH3, CO, F-, Cl-, CN-)
  • Bidentate: attaches to the central metal ion through two donor atoms (e.g., Ethylenediamine, Acetylacetone)
  • Polydentate: attaches to the central metal ion through three or more donor atoms (e.g., Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA))
  • Bridging: attaches to two or more central metal ions (e.g., Cl-, OH-, CO, O2-)
  • Ambidentate: can attach to the central metal ion through two or more different donor atoms (e.g., NO2-, SCN-)
  • Flexidentate: can attach to the central metal ion through a variable number of donor atoms (e.g., EDTA)

Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds

    1. The name of the cation is given first, and the anion comes second
    1. In the complex ion, the name of the ligand precedes that of the central metal atom
    1. Ligand names (according to charge):
    • Neutral: aqua, ammine, carbonyl, nitrosyl
    • Negative: fluoro, chloro, cyano, thiocyanato
    • Positive: nitrosylium, hydrazinium
    1. A Greek prefix (mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa) indicates the number of each ligand
    1. If more than one ligand is present, they are named in alphabetical order
    1. If the complex ion is positive or neutral, the metal name remains as it is
    1. If the complex ion is negative, the name of the metal ends with the suffix 'ATE' (e.g., ferrate, cuprate, nickelate)
    1. A Roman numeral in parentheses indicates the oxidation state of the central metal ion
    1. Lattice water or solvent of crystallization follows the name and is preceded by the number of these groups in Arabic numbering
    1. A bridging ligand is indicated by placing a µ- before its name

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Description

Quiz on naming conventions for inorganic compounds, including anionic complexes and oxoacids, with examples of metals and their corresponding anions.

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