Podcast
Questions and Answers
_____ computing is to enable devices to sense changes in their environment and to automatically adapt and act based on these changes.
_____ computing is to enable devices to sense changes in their environment and to automatically adapt and act based on these changes.
Ubiquitous
According to the law of many European and western countries, organizations with a website must ensure that their website is accessible by _____________.
According to the law of many European and western countries, organizations with a website must ensure that their website is accessible by _____________.
Disabled persons
Interactive features, safety features, and reliability are all examples of the requirements of a system.
Interactive features, safety features, and reliability are all examples of the requirements of a system.
___________ are people who do not currently use the product but who are good candidates for using it in the future.
___________ are people who do not currently use the product but who are good candidates for using it in the future.
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___________ are the visible representations of functions and data in the interface like panes, frames, and other containers on screen.
___________ are the visible representations of functions and data in the interface like panes, frames, and other containers on screen.
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Evaluations done during design to check that the product continues to meet users' needs are known as _____________ evaluation.
Evaluations done during design to check that the product continues to meet users' needs are known as _____________ evaluation.
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You have a cell phone that has alarms, email, and web browsers applications. Which of the following posture cell phone have?
You have a cell phone that has alarms, email, and web browsers applications. Which of the following posture cell phone have?
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In an interview, a student will ask questions about domains in ________.
In an interview, a student will ask questions about domains in ________.
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______________ techniques are used individually or in combination and are often supplemented with photos from a still camera.
______________ techniques are used individually or in combination and are often supplemented with photos from a still camera.
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The name of the document should be shown on the application's ____________.
The name of the document should be shown on the application's ____________.
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The term ____________ derives from systems theory and refers not only to the hardware and software but to the entire environment.
The term ____________ derives from systems theory and refers not only to the hardware and software but to the entire environment.
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Graphic designer uses _____________ test to ensure that visual interface design employs contrast effectively.
Graphic designer uses _____________ test to ensure that visual interface design employs contrast effectively.
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Which of the following will be more effective to understand for humans while designing a visual interface?
Which of the following will be more effective to understand for humans while designing a visual interface?
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When deleting a file or folder in Windows XP, which of the following error dialog appears?
When deleting a file or folder in Windows XP, which of the following error dialog appears?
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Which of the following dialog will help a student make a presentation in PowerPoint?
Which of the following dialog will help a student make a presentation in PowerPoint?
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According to Juran, the fitness for purpose or use, is said to be ____________.
According to Juran, the fitness for purpose or use, is said to be ____________.
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Which evaluation paradigm is appropriate for an interface designer creating a user interface involving a quantitative engineering style of working?
Which evaluation paradigm is appropriate for an interface designer creating a user interface involving a quantitative engineering style of working?
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Why are people less able to distinguish fine detail in blue?
Why are people less able to distinguish fine detail in blue?
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The difference between the intentions and allowable actions is the:
The difference between the intentions and allowable actions is the:
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Engineering a user interface involves a quantitative engineering style of working in which measurements are used to judge the quality of interface. Hence ____________ is appropriate.
Engineering a user interface involves a quantitative engineering style of working in which measurements are used to judge the quality of interface. Hence ____________ is appropriate.
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Attention is the process of selecting things to concentrate on, at a point in time, from the range of __________.
Attention is the process of selecting things to concentrate on, at a point in time, from the range of __________.
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To implement __________ in tabs or buttons bar, each button needs to be a separate graphic.
To implement __________ in tabs or buttons bar, each button needs to be a separate graphic.
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The goals of HCI are:
The goals of HCI are:
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WYSIWYG stands for __________.
WYSIWYG stands for __________.
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__________ are a well-established technique for collecting demographic data and users' opinions.
__________ are a well-established technique for collecting demographic data and users' opinions.
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Ali wants to develop an application that incorporates print, audio, video media, and software applications on a single place. Which of the following will help in this regard?
Ali wants to develop an application that incorporates print, audio, video media, and software applications on a single place. Which of the following will help in this regard?
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________ is proportional to the amplitude of the sound.
________ is proportional to the amplitude of the sound.
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Which of the given statements correctly defines effectiveness in terms of one of the usability goals?
Which of the given statements correctly defines effectiveness in terms of one of the usability goals?
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People frequently counter the idea of ________ feedback with arguments that users don't like it.
People frequently counter the idea of ________ feedback with arguments that users don't like it.
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_____ present a fascinating lens through which we can view the network relationships between systems.
_____ present a fascinating lens through which we can view the network relationships between systems.
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Which of the given statements correctly defines efficiency in terms of one of the usability goals?
Which of the given statements correctly defines efficiency in terms of one of the usability goals?
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__________ environments are environments that are user and context aware.
__________ environments are environments that are user and context aware.
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While there can be wide variations in where and how you conduct usability tests, every usability test shares:
While there can be wide variations in where and how you conduct usability tests, every usability test shares:
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Which of the following is the comparison of what happened in the world with what we wanted to happen?
Which of the following is the comparison of what happened in the world with what we wanted to happen?
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A team of web developers evaluates a website whether user-interface elements conform to the principles. Which of the techniques do they follow?
A team of web developers evaluates a website whether user-interface elements conform to the principles. Which of the techniques do they follow?
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________ Research can tell you about what, how, many and why in rich, multivariate detail.
________ Research can tell you about what, how, many and why in rich, multivariate detail.
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You may view in Microsoft Word to provide printed documentation, that is used as a reference tool for perpetual intermediate. It is called.
You may view in Microsoft Word to provide printed documentation, that is used as a reference tool for perpetual intermediate. It is called.
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When you do a search on google.com or any other search engine, which of the following will help the search engine to match user queries with keywords in a website?
When you do a search on google.com or any other search engine, which of the following will help the search engine to match user queries with keywords in a website?
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Usability testing works for _____________.
Usability testing works for _____________.
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_________ computers are especially useful for applications that require computational support while the user's hands, voice, eyes, or attention are actively engaged with the physical environment.
_________ computers are especially useful for applications that require computational support while the user's hands, voice, eyes, or attention are actively engaged with the physical environment.
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Transactional sites that are used for a significant part of an employee's job should be considered full _____________ applications.
Transactional sites that are used for a significant part of an employee's job should be considered full _____________ applications.
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If someone is doing voice chat with his friend, which physical receptor is involved in this process?
If someone is doing voice chat with his friend, which physical receptor is involved in this process?
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The statement 'What site is this?' represents __________.
The statement 'What site is this?' represents __________.
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Which of the following senses do not play a significant role in HCI?
Which of the following senses do not play a significant role in HCI?
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__________ is a usability test in which a member of the test team sits in the room with the participant and actively probes the participant's understanding.
__________ is a usability test in which a member of the test team sits in the room with the participant and actively probes the participant's understanding.
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___________ is needed to check that users can use the product and like it.
___________ is needed to check that users can use the product and like it.
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_____________ are perhaps the least-documented patterns, but they are nonetheless in widespread use.
_____________ are perhaps the least-documented patterns, but they are nonetheless in widespread use.
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Good examples of _____________ are word processors and spreadsheets; these programs use full-screen, monopolizing the user's attention for long periods of time.
Good examples of _____________ are word processors and spreadsheets; these programs use full-screen, monopolizing the user's attention for long periods of time.
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Evaluations done during design to check that the product continues to meet user's needs are known as _____________ evaluation.
Evaluations done during design to check that the product continues to meet user's needs are known as _____________ evaluation.
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______ and _________ are the same things.
______ and _________ are the same things.
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__________ is the extra work that satisfies the needs to achieve our objective.
__________ is the extra work that satisfies the needs to achieve our objective.
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In DECIDE framework _______________ comes just after choosing the evaluation paradigm and techniques.
In DECIDE framework _______________ comes just after choosing the evaluation paradigm and techniques.
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Ali is an HCI specialist; he believes that usability testing works for __________.
Ali is an HCI specialist; he believes that usability testing works for __________.
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In DECIDE framework choosing the evaluation comes just after _______.
In DECIDE framework choosing the evaluation comes just after _______.
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Version numbers should not be given on the ________ of a website since it does not attract users.
Version numbers should not be given on the ________ of a website since it does not attract users.
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When we tell our word processor to print a document, it doesn't tell us when the paper supply is low, or when forty other documents are queued up before us because software lacks the following characteristics.
When we tell our word processor to print a document, it doesn't tell us when the paper supply is low, or when forty other documents are queued up before us because software lacks the following characteristics.
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Number of keystrokes is the type of ____________ work.
Number of keystrokes is the type of ____________ work.
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Problem solving, planning, reasoning, and decision-making are all cognitive involving__________.
Problem solving, planning, reasoning, and decision-making are all cognitive involving__________.
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_________ has a goal of assessing whether the product works according to its specifications.
_________ has a goal of assessing whether the product works according to its specifications.
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Ethnography is a method that comes originally from anthropology and literally means
Ethnography is a method that comes originally from anthropology and literally means
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In usability test, which is a technique from given below options, in which you have two participants work together to perform the tasks.
In usability test, which is a technique from given below options, in which you have two participants work together to perform the tasks.
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Information sites with daily-updated information will naturally attract _________ users more than a monthly-updated site.
Information sites with daily-updated information will naturally attract _________ users more than a monthly-updated site.
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What are the three types of reasoning?
What are the three types of reasoning?
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If the user requires access via a navigational portal relatively infrequently, the appropriate posture is ______________.
If the user requires access via a navigational portal relatively infrequently, the appropriate posture is ______________.
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Which of the following is not one of the goals of HCI?
Which of the following is not one of the goals of HCI?
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Because the user's interaction with a _________ program dominates his session at the computer, the program shouldn't be afraid to take as much screen real estate as possible.
Because the user's interaction with a _________ program dominates his session at the computer, the program shouldn't be afraid to take as much screen real estate as possible.
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Web designers use the term _____________ to describe the set of navigation elements that appear on every page of a site.
Web designers use the term _____________ to describe the set of navigation elements that appear on every page of a site.
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__________ is particularly useful early in design. It is an excellent technique to use with the prototype, because it provides a wealth of diagnostic information.
__________ is particularly useful early in design. It is an excellent technique to use with the prototype, because it provides a wealth of diagnostic information.
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The human eye has approximately _________ rods and __________ cones per eye.
The human eye has approximately _________ rods and __________ cones per eye.
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Which of the following is considered the most complex species?
Which of the following is considered the most complex species?
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To make an appointment you need to see a calendar and possibly contacts you might incorporate all these together, due to ______.
To make an appointment you need to see a calendar and possibly contacts you might incorporate all these together, due to ______.
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Global Navigation system is also called__________.
Global Navigation system is also called__________.
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Totality of characteristics of an entity that bear on its ability to satisfy stated and implied needs are called _______________.
Totality of characteristics of an entity that bear on its ability to satisfy stated and implied needs are called _______________.
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Which of the following is not true regarding 'cones'?
Which of the following is not true regarding 'cones'?
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________ applications are great platforms for creating an environment rich in visual feedback for the user.
________ applications are great platforms for creating an environment rich in visual feedback for the user.
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Overviews serve a similar purpose to _________ in an interface.
Overviews serve a similar purpose to _________ in an interface.
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Which of the following is a true statement?
Which of the following is a true statement?
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Panes, frames and other containers on screen is a kind of _____________.
Panes, frames and other containers on screen is a kind of _____________.
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Which of the following is not true?
Which of the following is not true?
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This is not a characteristic of a usability test?
This is not a characteristic of a usability test?
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Formal methods are used to represent
Formal methods are used to represent
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Which interface system is based on the question/answer dialogue?
Which interface system is based on the question/answer dialogue?
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Figuring out where you are ‘on the web' is called__________.
Figuring out where you are ‘on the web' is called__________.
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Choice of operations and services are offered on the screen through __________
Choice of operations and services are offered on the screen through __________
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Desktop applications fit into _____________ categories of posture.
Desktop applications fit into _____________ categories of posture.
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Navigation represents excise except in ___________.
Navigation represents excise except in ___________.
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What will be the gulf of execution if the user is able to formulate and perform the actions easily?
What will be the gulf of execution if the user is able to formulate and perform the actions easily?
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_________ is an early release of a product to a few users.
_________ is an early release of a product to a few users.
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Form-filling interfaces are used for
Form-filling interfaces are used for
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____________ is the process of selecting things to concentrate on, at a point in time, from the range of possibilities available.
____________ is the process of selecting things to concentrate on, at a point in time, from the range of possibilities available.
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Which of the following is a flaw in the waterfall model?
Which of the following is a flaw in the waterfall model?
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There are two aspects in which we can understand the nature of usability.
There are two aspects in which we can understand the nature of usability.
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Name of the document should be shown on the application‘s__________.
Name of the document should be shown on the application‘s__________.
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Exploring how children talk together in order to see if an innovative new groupware product would help them to be more engaged would probably be better informed by a ______________.
Exploring how children talk together in order to see if an innovative new groupware product would help them to be more engaged would probably be better informed by a ______________.
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Once the user inputs into the system, the input language is translated into the language as operations to be performed by the system.
Once the user inputs into the system, the input language is translated into the language as operations to be performed by the system.
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User and system have their own unique language; the language used by the system is called __________.
User and system have their own unique language; the language used by the system is called __________.
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_________ is the remarkable facility that lets us reverse a previous action.
_________ is the remarkable facility that lets us reverse a previous action.
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____________ is not like other pages; it has different burdens to bear, different promises to keep.
____________ is not like other pages; it has different burdens to bear, different promises to keep.
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Which of the following is used to toggle between two states?
Which of the following is used to toggle between two states?
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Which of the following is a text entry device?
Which of the following is a text entry device?
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___________ suggests identifying goals and questions first before selecting techniques for the study.
___________ suggests identifying goals and questions first before selecting techniques for the study.
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Conventional wisdom says that ________ tell the user when he has made some mistake.
Conventional wisdom says that ________ tell the user when he has made some mistake.
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'Mistakes' and 'Slips' are two forms of
'Mistakes' and 'Slips' are two forms of
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HCI deals with _______________________.
HCI deals with _______________________.
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The _____________ model should match the __________ model.
The _____________ model should match the __________ model.
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Which of the following is/are aspect(s) of human action?
Which of the following is/are aspect(s) of human action?
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____________ frequent your primary personas access the site, _____________ transient a stance the site needs to take (respectively).
____________ frequent your primary personas access the site, _____________ transient a stance the site needs to take (respectively).
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Design of user interfaces does not entirely __________ aesthetic concerns, but rather it places such concerns within the constraints of a __________ Framework.
Design of user interfaces does not entirely __________ aesthetic concerns, but rather it places such concerns within the constraints of a __________ Framework.
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Building things from the user's perspective is called
Building things from the user's perspective is called
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When you engage in a conversation you are more attentive to what the other person is saying. It is called?
When you engage in a conversation you are more attentive to what the other person is saying. It is called?
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Certain factors that help us to interact with graphical based systems include
Certain factors that help us to interact with graphical based systems include
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Drive a vehicle while holding a conversation with a passenger is the example of _________.
Drive a vehicle while holding a conversation with a passenger is the example of _________.
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The way people carry out an activity in the real world is the same as how it may be observed in the laboratory.
The way people carry out an activity in the real world is the same as how it may be observed in the laboratory.
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What is a semantic network?
What is a semantic network?
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_____________ is like the building name for a website.
_____________ is like the building name for a website.
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_____________ is like the building name for a website.
_____________ is like the building name for a website.
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______ is a powerful, multipurpose design tool that helps overcome several problems that currently plague the development of digital products.
______ is a powerful, multipurpose design tool that helps overcome several problems that currently plague the development of digital products.
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__________ personas address the needs of customers, not end users.
__________ personas address the needs of customers, not end users.
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Persona is not context specific, so it can be reused easily.
Persona is not context specific, so it can be reused easily.
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In an email application, configuring a new email server is a key path activity.
In an email application, configuring a new email server is a key path activity.
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The size and shape of a compact disk is a type of _____________ constraint.
The size and shape of a compact disk is a type of _____________ constraint.
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Which of the following devices can not be useful for a visually impaired person?
Which of the following devices can not be useful for a visually impaired person?
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The gulf of execution refers to __________.
The gulf of execution refers to __________.
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Which of the following are high level usability categories that can guide standards and guidelines generation?
Which of the following are high level usability categories that can guide standards and guidelines generation?
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Which of the following is not one of the primary colors?
Which of the following is not one of the primary colors?
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Human beings interact with the outside world using their:
Human beings interact with the outside world using their:
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Visually impaired persons can interact with the outside world using their:
Visually impaired persons can interact with the outside world using their:
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__________ refers to the relationship between controls and their effects in the world.
__________ refers to the relationship between controls and their effects in the world.
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_________ is a very general goal of Usability and refers to how good a system is at doing what it is supposed to do.
_________ is a very general goal of Usability and refers to how good a system is at doing what it is supposed to do.
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__________ is what goes on in our heads when we carry out our everyday activities.
__________ is what goes on in our heads when we carry out our everyday activities.
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___________ is the process by which we use the knowledge we have to draw conclusions or infer something new about the domain of interest.
___________ is the process by which we use the knowledge we have to draw conclusions or infer something new about the domain of interest.
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In an organization, individuals may keep their own records, or there may be local gurus. This statement concerns with __________.
In an organization, individuals may keep their own records, or there may be local gurus. This statement concerns with __________.
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Using icons on the desktop to represent operations is a type of ________ constraint.
Using icons on the desktop to represent operations is a type of ________ constraint.
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__________ is a term used to refer to an attribute of an object that allows people to know how to use it.
__________ is a term used to refer to an attribute of an object that allows people to know how to use it.
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___________ minimize errors.
___________ minimize errors.
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Models are used in design to:
Models are used in design to:
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Which are the most significant senses for the average person when it comes to interacting with a computer?
Which are the most significant senses for the average person when it comes to interacting with a computer?
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__________ refers to the way a system supports users in carrying out their tasks.
__________ refers to the way a system supports users in carrying out their tasks.
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__________ are GUIs that consist of electronic counterparts to physical objects in the real world to match the knowledge requirements of users.
__________ are GUIs that consist of electronic counterparts to physical objects in the real world to match the knowledge requirements of users.
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________ language tends to be grammatical while _________ language is often ungrammatical.
________ language tends to be grammatical while _________ language is often ungrammatical.
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Aspect gives us hints and tips about using and creating user interface idioms.
Aspect gives us hints and tips about using and creating user interface idioms.
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Faisal wants to develop an application that incorporates print, audio video media and software applications in one place. Which of the following will help in this regard?
Faisal wants to develop an application that incorporates print, audio video media and software applications in one place. Which of the following will help in this regard?
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Faisal identified two different modes of activity: one is _________ and the other is ___________.
Faisal identified two different modes of activity: one is _________ and the other is ___________.
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___________ are dragged down from the title at the top of the screen.
___________ are dragged down from the title at the top of the screen.
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When you engage in a conversation, you are more attentive to what the other person is saying. It is called?
When you engage in a conversation, you are more attentive to what the other person is saying. It is called?
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Driving a vehicle while holding a conversation with a passenger is an example of ________.
Driving a vehicle while holding a conversation with a passenger is an example of ________.
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GOMS stands for:
GOMS stands for:
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Which of the following is/are the main component(s) of color?
Which of the following is/are the main component(s) of color?
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_________ is a Usability Goal and refers to how easy a system is to remember how to use once learned.
_________ is a Usability Goal and refers to how easy a system is to remember how to use once learned.
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A mouse button invites pushing by the way it is physically constrained in its plastic shell, is an example of ________ Design Principle.
A mouse button invites pushing by the way it is physically constrained in its plastic shell, is an example of ________ Design Principle.
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Ali wants to make a copy of a document in MS Word to make some changes to the original. Which process will help?
Ali wants to make a copy of a document in MS Word to make some changes to the original. Which process will help?
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If you want to find out whether adding a bulletin board to an e-commerce website increases the number of visitors, which analysis will help?
If you want to find out whether adding a bulletin board to an e-commerce website increases the number of visitors, which analysis will help?
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When you try to log on to Yahoo and wrongly enter a password in capital letters causing an error message, which error message dialog will appear?
When you try to log on to Yahoo and wrongly enter a password in capital letters causing an error message, which error message dialog will appear?
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With the help of ____ Model, one can quantify (on the basis of Quantitative Measurements) the human performance in using computer-based systems.
With the help of ____ Model, one can quantify (on the basis of Quantitative Measurements) the human performance in using computer-based systems.
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______ is an iterative process best performed with a small, collaborative group.
______ is an iterative process best performed with a small, collaborative group.
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Physical objects are said to have ____ affordance.
Physical objects are said to have ____ affordance.
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Which of these specialists is user-centered?
Which of these specialists is user-centered?
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Companies ABC market its product in a traditional way. Which research method will the company follow for a successful traditional marketing campaign?
Companies ABC market its product in a traditional way. Which research method will the company follow for a successful traditional marketing campaign?
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The missing ingredient in scenario-based methods is the use of _____
The missing ingredient in scenario-based methods is the use of _____
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________ are concise narrative descriptions of one or more personas using a product to achieve a specific goal.
________ are concise narrative descriptions of one or more personas using a product to achieve a specific goal.
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Which of the following is not part of the WWW?
Which of the following is not part of the WWW?
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HCI specialists want to measure the typical user’s performance on typical tasks. Which evaluation paradigm will be used?
HCI specialists want to measure the typical user’s performance on typical tasks. Which evaluation paradigm will be used?
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Laboratory experiments are strongly controlled and are quite different from workplace, home, and leisure environments; therefore, they have low ecological __________.
Laboratory experiments are strongly controlled and are quite different from workplace, home, and leisure environments; therefore, they have low ecological __________.
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___________ are the links to the main portions of the site at the top level of the site hierarchy.
___________ are the links to the main portions of the site at the top level of the site hierarchy.
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Browser title always contains the word:
Browser title always contains the word:
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Adding seven or more additional colors ____ search performance.
Adding seven or more additional colors ____ search performance.
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Brick (TMG 1990-95) is a graphical user interface that allows ____ control of virtual objects through handles called 'Bricks'.
Brick (TMG 1990-95) is a graphical user interface that allows ____ control of virtual objects through handles called 'Bricks'.
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__________ minimize errors.
__________ minimize errors.
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_________ are dragged down from the title at the top of the screen.
_________ are dragged down from the title at the top of the screen.
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______ aspect(s) gives us hints and tips about using and creating user interface idioms, like dialog boxes and pushbuttons.
______ aspect(s) gives us hints and tips about using and creating user interface idioms, like dialog boxes and pushbuttons.
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The Usability Engineering lifecycle was proposed by _________.
The Usability Engineering lifecycle was proposed by _________.
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He identified two different modes of activity: one is _________ and the other is ___________.
He identified two different modes of activity: one is _________ and the other is ___________.
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The _____________ is a concrete expression of the more abstract structure of the site.
The _____________ is a concrete expression of the more abstract structure of the site.
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Beneath the surface is the __________ of the site: the placement of buttons, tabs, photos, and blocks of text.
Beneath the surface is the __________ of the site: the placement of buttons, tabs, photos, and blocks of text.
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________ are individual and isolated regions within a display that can be selected by the user to invoke specific operations.
________ are individual and isolated regions within a display that can be selected by the user to invoke specific operations.
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The ________ function came into being as the result of the implementation model for undo.
The ________ function came into being as the result of the implementation model for undo.
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Around 63% of software projects exceed their cost estimates. The top four reasons for this are: A– Frequent requests for changes from users, B– Overlooked tasks, C– Users' lack of understanding of their own requirements, D– Insufficient user-analyst communication and understanding. Which are correct?
Around 63% of software projects exceed their cost estimates. The top four reasons for this are: A– Frequent requests for changes from users, B– Overlooked tasks, C– Users' lack of understanding of their own requirements, D– Insufficient user-analyst communication and understanding. Which are correct?
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________ of the potential sales from a site are lost because people cannot find the item they are looking for.
________ of the potential sales from a site are lost because people cannot find the item they are looking for.
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The human eye is very sensitive to ______.
The human eye is very sensitive to ______.
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Top of the web page contains the _________.
Top of the web page contains the _________.
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If the user wants to _________ place the document somewhere in the file system hierarchy, he can request this function from the menu.
If the user wants to _________ place the document somewhere in the file system hierarchy, he can request this function from the menu.
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_________ is the least technical way of collecting data, but it can be difficult and tiring to write and observe at the same time.
_________ is the least technical way of collecting data, but it can be difficult and tiring to write and observe at the same time.
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Every page within a site should contain a brief _________ that accurately describes the content of the page.
Every page within a site should contain a brief _________ that accurately describes the content of the page.
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What is the fifth step in defining the requirements with respect to persona-based design?
What is the fifth step in defining the requirements with respect to persona-based design?
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You can load a VCR tape the right way because of _____________.
You can load a VCR tape the right way because of _____________.
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__________ are unintentional while _____________ occur through conscious deliberation.
__________ are unintentional while _____________ occur through conscious deliberation.
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What is the main strength of the Problem Space Framework as a model of human problem solving?
What is the main strength of the Problem Space Framework as a model of human problem solving?
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__________ Patterns can be applied at the conceptual level.
__________ Patterns can be applied at the conceptual level.
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Over a short period of time, we find it easier to remember the string of numbers '404 894 6743' because:
Over a short period of time, we find it easier to remember the string of numbers '404 894 6743' because:
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________ involves watching and listening to users.
________ involves watching and listening to users.
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The established standard suite of _________ for most applications consists of the Save As dialog, the Save Changes dialog, and the Open File dialog.
The established standard suite of _________ for most applications consists of the Save As dialog, the Save Changes dialog, and the Open File dialog.
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Explanatory undo is, generally, a much more pleasant feature than ___________.
Explanatory undo is, generally, a much more pleasant feature than ___________.
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Browser Title always contains the word _______.
Browser Title always contains the word _______.
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Interpretation inquiry, according to Beyer and Holtzblatt, is based on a master-apprentice model of learning.
Interpretation inquiry, according to Beyer and Holtzblatt, is based on a master-apprentice model of learning.
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Roughly _____________ percent of the male population has some degree of color blindness.
Roughly _____________ percent of the male population has some degree of color blindness.
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The persona is not an actual user of the product, but is indirectly affected by it and its use refers to _______ persona.
The persona is not an actual user of the product, but is indirectly affected by it and its use refers to _______ persona.
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Which of the following is not a secondary color?
Which of the following is not a secondary color?
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Which of the following requires less cognitive effort than others?
Which of the following requires less cognitive effort than others?
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We are deficient in our development _________, not in our development __________ (respectively).
We are deficient in our development _________, not in our development __________ (respectively).
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The command line interface is used because:
The command line interface is used because:
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Which of the following is concerned primarily with understanding human behavior and the mental processes that underlie it?
Which of the following is concerned primarily with understanding human behavior and the mental processes that underlie it?
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________ plays a role to bridge up the gap between the interfaces of machines and human understanding.
________ plays a role to bridge up the gap between the interfaces of machines and human understanding.
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The persona's needs are sufficiently unique to require a distinct interface form and behavior is _____________ type of Persona.
The persona's needs are sufficiently unique to require a distinct interface form and behavior is _____________ type of Persona.
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A _________ is usually a collection of icons those are reminiscent of the purpose of the various modes.
A _________ is usually a collection of icons those are reminiscent of the purpose of the various modes.
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If the product is new then __________ time is usually invested in market research.
If the product is new then __________ time is usually invested in market research.
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During _________ phase, usage and workflow patterns discovered through _________.
During _________ phase, usage and workflow patterns discovered through _________.
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The Star lifecycle was proposed by ______________.
The Star lifecycle was proposed by ______________.
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Waterfall model is basically a _________ model in which each step must be completed before the next step can be started.
Waterfall model is basically a _________ model in which each step must be completed before the next step can be started.
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__________ represents the Early-phase of ethnographic interviews.
__________ represents the Early-phase of ethnographic interviews.
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There can only be one _________ persona per interface for a product.
There can only be one _________ persona per interface for a product.
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What are the most common things you do with the product is a type of _______.
What are the most common things you do with the product is a type of _______.
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Goal-oriented context scenarios are _____________ task-oriented than key path Scenario.
Goal-oriented context scenarios are _____________ task-oriented than key path Scenario.
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________ represent the user's expectations of the tangible outcomes of using a specific product.
________ represent the user's expectations of the tangible outcomes of using a specific product.
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The ______ phase sets the stage for the core of the design effort.
The ______ phase sets the stage for the core of the design effort.
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If you are taking a lecture and suddenly you hear music or voices from the other room, it is called?
If you are taking a lecture and suddenly you hear music or voices from the other room, it is called?
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Which of the following is a long-term individual difference?
Which of the following is a long-term individual difference?
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___________ refers to how good a system is at doing what it is supposed to do?
___________ refers to how good a system is at doing what it is supposed to do?
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As a software designer, which aspects guide you to think about the way in which the user and the idiom interact?
As a software designer, which aspects guide you to think about the way in which the user and the idiom interact?
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Adeel renders financial services in ABC bank. He specialized in his field. What is he called?
Adeel renders financial services in ABC bank. He specialized in his field. What is he called?
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__________ capture the non-verbal dialogue between artifact and user over time.
__________ capture the non-verbal dialogue between artifact and user over time.
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Scenario content and context are derived from information gathered during the _________ phase and analyzed during the _________ phase (respectively).
Scenario content and context are derived from information gathered during the _________ phase and analyzed during the _________ phase (respectively).
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Alia is used to describe design problem/solution by ___________ that is an imagined or projected sequence of events.
Alia is used to describe design problem/solution by ___________ that is an imagined or projected sequence of events.
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Which of the following steps is NOT the process of defining the interaction framework?
Which of the following steps is NOT the process of defining the interaction framework?
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If you are taking a lecture and suddenly you hear music or voices from the other room, it is called?
If you are taking a lecture and suddenly you hear music or voices from the other room, it is called?
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Which of the following is a long-term individual difference?
Which of the following is a long-term individual difference?
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___________ refers to how good a system is at doing what it is supposed to do.
___________ refers to how good a system is at doing what it is supposed to do.
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As a software designer, which aspects guide you to think about the way in which the user and the idiom interact?
As a software designer, which aspects guide you to think about the way in which the user and the idiom interact?
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Adeel renders financial services in 'ABC' bank. He specialized in his field. What is he called?
Adeel renders financial services in 'ABC' bank. He specialized in his field. What is he called?
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__________ capture the non-verbal dialogue between artifact and user over time.
__________ capture the non-verbal dialogue between artifact and user over time.
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Scenario content and context are derived from information gathered during __________ the phase and analyzed during the _________ phase.
Scenario content and context are derived from information gathered during __________ the phase and analyzed during the _________ phase.
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Alia is used to describe design problem/solution by __________ that is an imagined or projected sequence of events, especially any of several detailed plans or possibilities.
Alia is used to describe design problem/solution by __________ that is an imagined or projected sequence of events, especially any of several detailed plans or possibilities.
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Which of the following steps is NOT part of the process of defining the interaction framework?
Which of the following steps is NOT part of the process of defining the interaction framework?
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Which of the following is least likely to be revealed by a paper prototype?
Which of the following is least likely to be revealed by a paper prototype?
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Recalling password is __________ Work.
Recalling password is __________ Work.
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___________ patterns can be applied at the conceptual level.
___________ patterns can be applied at the conceptual level.
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The __________ suggests identifying goals and questions first before selecting techniques for the study.
The __________ suggests identifying goals and questions first before selecting techniques for the study.
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Exploring how children talk together in order to see if an innovative new groupware product would help them to be more engaged would probably be better informed by a __________.
Exploring how children talk together in order to see if an innovative new groupware product would help them to be more engaged would probably be better informed by a __________.
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__________ are the street signs of the web.
__________ are the street signs of the web.
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_________ is like the building name for a website.
_________ is like the building name for a website.
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Use of highlighted tabs in global navigation bar shows this is the ‘_________’ page.
Use of highlighted tabs in global navigation bar shows this is the ‘_________’ page.
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When developing ____________, plan to keep them short, straightforward and avoid asking too many.
When developing ____________, plan to keep them short, straightforward and avoid asking too many.
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Data collection and analysis often occur simultaneously in ___________ with analysis happening at many different levels throughout the study.
Data collection and analysis often occur simultaneously in ___________ with analysis happening at many different levels throughout the study.
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The biggest limitation of __________ , __________ is when the user accidentally short-circuits the capability of the undo facility to rescue him.
The biggest limitation of __________ , __________ is when the user accidentally short-circuits the capability of the undo facility to rescue him.
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The ________ function came into being as the result of the implementation model for undo.
The ________ function came into being as the result of the implementation model for undo.
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A study by Human Factors International indicated that _________ color significantly reduced search time.
A study by Human Factors International indicated that _________ color significantly reduced search time.
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A website is a collection of _________ systems with complex dependencies.
A website is a collection of _________ systems with complex dependencies.
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_________ integrates computation into the environment, rather than having computers which are distinct objects.
_________ integrates computation into the environment, rather than having computers which are distinct objects.
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XYZ Ltd is a well-reputed software house; they make a significant investment in building _________ that encourages greater customer loyalty.
XYZ Ltd is a well-reputed software house; they make a significant investment in building _________ that encourages greater customer loyalty.
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Political campaigns, marketing departments ask users inquiries by conducting the following interview technique?
Political campaigns, marketing departments ask users inquiries by conducting the following interview technique?
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Being a programmer, you wrote a lot of error messages while coding. Which of the following is not a requirement to write well-formed error messages?
Being a programmer, you wrote a lot of error messages while coding. Which of the following is not a requirement to write well-formed error messages?
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______________ computers are especially useful for applications that require computational support while the user's hands, voice, eyes or attention are actively engaged with the physical environment.
______________ computers are especially useful for applications that require computational support while the user's hands, voice, eyes or attention are actively engaged with the physical environment.
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Requirements specification involves:
Requirements specification involves:
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What are the most common things you do with the product is a type of _______.
What are the most common things you do with the product is a type of _______.
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What do you procrastinate on? is a type of _________
What do you procrastinate on? is a type of _________
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Early in design, developers want to meet informally to get feedback on idea about user's need and evaluation is called __________.
Early in design, developers want to meet informally to get feedback on idea about user's need and evaluation is called __________.
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Like 'You are here' indicators, __________ show you where you are.
Like 'You are here' indicators, __________ show you where you are.
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Imagine an artist spraying a drawing with glue. All marks made up to that point are now permanent. This process is called?
Imagine an artist spraying a drawing with glue. All marks made up to that point are now permanent. This process is called?
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You are typing an application for 'sick-leave' in MS Word. You wrongly type purpose of leave 'urgent work' instead of 'sick'. Which of the following commands will help you to reverse one or more previous actions?
You are typing an application for 'sick-leave' in MS Word. You wrongly type purpose of leave 'urgent work' instead of 'sick'. Which of the following commands will help you to reverse one or more previous actions?
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Ali is a visual interface designer, he organizes interface by ________ visual cues in individual elements or in the background on which the active elements rest.
Ali is a visual interface designer, he organizes interface by ________ visual cues in individual elements or in the background on which the active elements rest.
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You might have experienced deleting a file or folder in Windows XP. A dialog box appears 'Do you want to delete file?' having two options 'yes' or 'no'. Which of the following error dialog appears?
You might have experienced deleting a file or folder in Windows XP. A dialog box appears 'Do you want to delete file?' having two options 'yes' or 'no'. Which of the following error dialog appears?
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_________ cognitive process involves encoding and recalling knowledge and acting appropriately.
_________ cognitive process involves encoding and recalling knowledge and acting appropriately.
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During _______ usage and workflow patterns discovered through analysis of the field research and interviews are synthesized into domain and user models.
During _______ usage and workflow patterns discovered through analysis of the field research and interviews are synthesized into domain and user models.
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Unable to edit pdf document, is a type of ___________ constraints.
Unable to edit pdf document, is a type of ___________ constraints.
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Learn only a single mode of operation that is applicable to all objects, is a benefit of ________.
Learn only a single mode of operation that is applicable to all objects, is a benefit of ________.
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As a software designer, which aspects give us hints and tips about using and creating user idioms, like dialog boxes and push buttons?
As a software designer, which aspects give us hints and tips about using and creating user idioms, like dialog boxes and push buttons?
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Social science and usability texts are full of methods and techniques for conducting research.
Social science and usability texts are full of methods and techniques for conducting research.
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What do you enjoy most about your job (or lifestyle) is an example of _________.
What do you enjoy most about your job (or lifestyle) is an example of _________.
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User personas that are not primary or secondary are _____ personas.
User personas that are not primary or secondary are _____ personas.
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Ali requires access via a navigational portal relatively infrequently that provides clear, simple navigational control. Which of the following posture is appropriate in this case?
Ali requires access via a navigational portal relatively infrequently that provides clear, simple navigational control. Which of the following posture is appropriate in this case?
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_________ aspect(s) gives us hints and tips about using and creating user interface idioms, like dialog boxes and push buttons.
_________ aspect(s) gives us hints and tips about using and creating user interface idioms, like dialog boxes and push buttons.
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Study Notes
Attention
- Involuntary attention is when we are distracted, such as when hearing music or voices from another room.
Individual Differences
- Individual differences can be long-term, like sex and intellectual abilities.
Effectiveness
- Effectiveness refers to how well a system performs its intended purpose.
Strategic Aspects
- Strategic aspects of design consider how users interact with the system interface, including the use of idioms like dialog boxes.
Subject Matter Expert (SME)
- A subject matter expert is a person who specializes in a particular field, like financial services.
Scenarios
- Scenarios capture the non-verbal interactions between a user and an artifact over time.
- Scenario content is gathered during research, analyzed during modeling.
- Scenarios involve imagined or projected sequences of events and can be used to describe design problems and solutions.
Interaction Framework
- Defining the interaction framework involves defining input methods, views, functional and data elements, and key path scenarios.
Paper Prototypes
- Paper prototypes can reveal issues like usability problems, user understanding of terms, and interface element placement.
Mnemonic Work
- Mnemonic work involves recalling passwords, commands, data object locations, and relationships between objects.
Postural Patterns
- Postural patterns are applied at a conceptual level and influence the overall product stance in relation to the user.
DECIDE Framework
- The DECIDE framework prioritizes identifying study goals and questions before choosing research techniques.
Field Studies
- Field studies provide contextually rich insights into user behavior, such as observing children interacting with groupware.
Page Names
- Page names act as navigational cues, like street signs on the web.
Site ID
- The site ID or logo is the website's equivalent of a building name.
Global Navigation Bar
- Highlighted tabs in a global navigation bar indicate the 'Home' page.
Interview Questions
- Interview questions should be concise, clear, and avoid excessive inquiries.
Ethnography
- Ethnographic research involves simultaneous data collection and analysis at multiple levels.
Single-Level Functional Undo
- Single-level functional undo has a limitation when users accidentally overwrite previous actions, preventing them from retrieving earlier states.
Redo Function
- The redo function emerged as a result of the undo implementation model.
Color and Search Time
- A study found that using a single color significantly reduced search time.
Websites
- Websites are collections of interconnected systems with intricate dependencies.
Ubiquitous Computing
- Ubiquitous computing integrates computational elements into the environment, rather than requiring separate computers.
Brand Equity
- Brand equity is an investment in brand reputation that can result in higher prices and customer loyalty.
Focus Groups
- Focus groups, often used in political campaigns and marketing, involve gathering feedback from a group of individuals.
Error Messages
- Well-formed error messages should be polite, helpful, and informative.
Wearable Computers
- Wearable computers are valuable for applications requiring computational support while the user is engaged in physical activities.
Requirements Specification
- Requirements specification involves capturing functional and data requirements from the user.
System-Oriented Questions
- System-oriented questions focus on understanding user interactions with the product, such as asking about common activities.
Avoidance Questions
- Avoidance questions explore user behaviors they try to avoid, like procrastination.
Quick and Dirty Evaluations
- Quick and dirty evaluations are informal methods for gathering rapid feedback on ideas, often conducted early in design.
Breadcrumbs
- Breadcrumbs show the user's current position in a website's hierarchy, similar to "You are here" indicators.
Freezing
- Freezing locks data in a document, making it unmodifiable but allowing new data to be added.
Undo Function
- The undo function allows users to reverse previous actions, supporting exploration and experimentation.
Layering
- Visual interface design utilizes layering to organize elements with varying visual cues and background properties.
Confirmation Dialogs
- Confirmation dialogs, often used in Windows XP, present users with options ("yes" or "no") to confirm actions.
Memory
- The cognitive process of memory involves encoding, recalling, and applying knowledge.
Modeling Phase
- During the modeling phase, research and interview data are synthesized into domain and user models.
Logical Constraints
- Logical constraints are limitations imposed by the system's rules or logic, such as being unable to edit a PDF document.
Consistency in Interface Design
- Consistent interfaces promote ease of learning and use by applying a single operating mode across diverse objects.
Tactical Aspects
- Tactical aspects of design provide guidance on creating and utilizing user interface idioms, like dialog boxes and pushbuttons.
Qualitative Research
- Social science and usability texts utilize various methods and techniques for conducting qualitative research.
Motivation Questions
- Motivation questions focus on user preferences and fulfilling aspects of their work or lifestyle.
Supplemental Personas
- Supplemental personas are those that are not primary or secondary user representations but provide additional insights.
Transient Posture
- A transient posture is appropriate for navigational portals accessed infrequently, providing clear and concise controls.
Usability Testing
- Engineering user interfaces often involves quantitative measurements and usability testing to determine quality.
Rollovers in Interface Design
- Implementing rollovers in tab or button bars requires separate graphics for each button.
Questionnaires
- Questionnaires are a method of collecting demographic and opinion data.
World Wide Web
- The World Wide Web (WWW) is a platform that integrates diverse media, including print, audio, video, and software applications.
Audible Feedback
- Audible feedback, despite arguments against its appeal, plays a role in user interfaces.
Metadata
- Metadata and controlled vocabularies are used to understand the relationships between systems.
- Thesauri are controlled vocabularies that use relationships to define synonyms, related terms, and hierarchies.
Attentive Environments
- Attentive environments are designed to be user and context aware.
Usability Testing
- Heuristics are principles that are used to evaluate websites, particularly in terms of usability.
Online help
- Online help is similar to physical documentation and is often used as a reference.
Wearable Computers
- Wearable computers provide computational support while users interact with the physical world using their hands, voice, and other senses.
Senses in HCI
- Taste and smell are not considered significant in HCI as they do not commonly provide input or output in human-computer interactions.
Structural Patterns
- Structural patterns are widely used, but they are not well documented.
Sovereign Posture
- Full-screen applications like word processors and spreadsheets are examples of sovereign posture, as they dominate the user's attention for sustained periods.
Navigation as Excise
- Navigation in most cases is considered pure excise, which is necessary but not directly related to the core task.
Usability Testing for Products
- Usability testing is applicable across all product categories.
Website Design
- Versions of a website should not be displayed on the homepage as it can deter users.
Considerate Software
- Considerate software anticipates user needs and provides information that is relevant to the current situation.
Reflective Cognition
- Problem solving, planning, reasoning, and decision-making are all cognitive processes that fall under reflective cognition.
Ethnography
- Ethnography is a research method borrowed from anthropology that involves observing and understanding cultures through observation and participation.
Reasoning
- The three most common types of reasoning are deductive, inductive, and abdicative.
Goals of HCI
- The primary goals of HCI are to produce usable, safe, and functional systems, prioritizing user experience and effectiveness.
Penitent Navigation
- Penitent navigation, also known as global navigation, refers to the set of navigation elements that appear consistently on every page of a website.
Human Eye
- The human eye has approximately 120 million rods and 6 million cones.
Complex Species
- Humans are considered the most complex species on Earth.
Quality
- Quality is defined as the totality of characteristics of an entity that meet stated and implied needs.
Cones
- Cones are photoreceptor cells in the eye that are less sensitive to light than rods and are responsible for color vision.
HCI Specialists and Software Engineers
- The fundamental difference between HCI specialists and software engineers is that HCI specialists are user-centered, while software engineers are system-centered.
Usability
- Usability aims to make systems easy to learn and user-friendly.
Formal Methods
- Formal methods represent data, architectural, and procedural aspects of software systems.
Query Interfaces
- Question-based interfaces are known as query interfaces.
Menus
- Menus provide a choice of operations or services that can be accessed at a particular time.
Gulf of Execution
- A smaller gulf of execution signifies that users can easily formulate and perform actions.
Form-Filling Interfaces
- Form-filling interfaces are primarily used for data entry but can also be incorporated into data retrieval systems.
Waterfall Model
- The waterfall model's major flaw is that requirements can change over time.
Usability
- Usability has two perspectives: strategic and tactical. Strategic addresses the overall product's usability, and tactical focuses on specific user interactions.
Core Language
- The language used by the system is referred to as the core language, while the user's language is called the task language.
Radio Buttons
- Radio buttons are used to toggle between two states.
Text Entry Device
- Keyboards are the most common text entry device, allowing input of text and commands.
Errors
- Errors can occur during human-computer interaction and are broadly categorized as slips and mistakes.
Mental & Conceptual Models
- The user's mental model should correspond to the system's conceptual model to ensure a seamless interaction.
Aspects of Human Action
- Human action consists of two parts: execution (performing the action) and evaluation (comparing the outcome to the intended result).
Usability
- Usability focuses on building products with the user's perspective as the primary consideration.
Direct Manipulation Interface
- Direct manipulation interfaces (GUI) support learning and user interaction.
Observation Of User Behavior
- Observing user behavior in a laboratory setting may not accurately reflect real-world usage patterns.
Semantic Network
- Semantic networks model long-term memories, specifically semantic memory, which stores general knowledge and facts.
Site ID
- The site ID or logo acts as the name or brand of a website.
Personas
- Personas are valuable design tools that address common issues faced during the development of digital products.
Gulf of Execution
- The gulf of execution is the difference between users' intentions and the actions they can perform within the system.
Attention
- Attention involves selecting specific information from a range of possibilities to focus on at a particular time.
HCI Goals
- The goals of HCI are to ensure usability and provide a positive user experience.
WYSIWYG
- WYSIWYG stands for "What You See Is What You Get," which is a characteristic of visual editors that display the final output as it will appear.
Loudness
- Loudness in sound is proportional to the amplitude, while pitch is determined by frequency.
Effectiveness in Usability
- Effectiveness refers to how well a system performs its intended function.
Efficiency in Usability
- Efficiency relates to how effectively a system supports users in completing their tasks.
Usability Testing Characteristics
- Usability testing involves real users performing real tasks, with observation and data analysis used to identify usability issues.
Evaluation
- Evaluation in the context of human action is the comparison of the actual outcome to the intended goal.
Qualitative Research
- Qualitative research delves into understanding "what," "how," "why," and "many" aspects in detail.
Usability Testing
- Usability testing is applied to all types of products, not just software.
Testing Applies to All Types of Products
- Usability testing is applicable to all types of products, including software and hardware.
Transactional Sites and Full Sovereign Applications
- Transactional websites heavily used by employees for their work should be considered full sovereign applications.
Site ID
- The statement "What site is this?" represents a site ID.
Active Intervention
- Active intervention is a usability testing technique where a test team member actively probes the participant's understanding of the tested item.
Evaluation
- Evaluation is crucial to verify if a product is usable and appealing to users.
Formative Evaluation
- Formative evaluations are conducted during design to ensure the product continues to meet user needs.
Excise
- Excise refers to the extra work needed to satisfy the requirements of tools or external agents to achieve objectives.
DECIDE Framework
- The DECIDE framework is a structured approach for conducting evaluations.
- The DECIDE framework order of steps:
- Determine overall evaluation goals.
- Explore specific questions to be answered.
- Choose the evaluation paradigm and techniques.
- Identify practical issues, like participant selection.
- Decide on ethical considerations.
- Evaluate, interpret, and present data.
Physical/Motor Work
- Physical/motor work includes actions like keystrokes, mouse movement, gestures, switching input modes, and navigation.
Quality Assurance Testing
- Quality assurance testing, also known as function testing, aims to validate if a product works according to its specifications.
Co-Discovery
- Co-discovery is a usability testing technique involving two participants working together, encouraging discussion as they perform tasks.
Repeat Users
- Informational sites with frequent updates attract repeat users more effectively than sites with infrequent updates.
Transient Posture
- When users access a navigational portal infrequently, a transient posture, featuring simple and clear controls, is suitable.
Sovereign Program
- Because the user's interactions with a sovereign program dominate their computer session, the program should prioritize screen space.
Active Intervention
- Active intervention is particularly useful early in design and is valuable for testing prototypes.
Form Factor
- Form factor influences the design of views in interfaces. For example, to make an appointment, a view incorporating calendars and contacts might be designed if the form factor allows it.
Persistent Navigation
- Global Navigation systems are also known as Persistent Navigation.
Sovereign Applications
- Sovereign applications provide a rich visual feedback environment for users.
Signposts
- Overviews in an interface serve a similar purpose to signposts, helping to guide users.
Functional and Data Elements
- Panes, frames, and containers on the screen are functional and data elements.
Usability Testing
- The core goal of usability testing is to improve the usability of a product.
- Key characteristics of usability testing include:
- Participants representing real users.
- Participants engaging in real tasks.
- Observing and recording participant actions and comments.
- Analysing data, identifying problems, and recommending solutions.
Web Navigation
- Web navigation involves both reaching a destination and figuring out one's current location.
Desktop Applications
- Desktop applications fall into four posture categories: sovereign, transient, daemonic, and auxiliary.
Navigation
- Navigation represents excise except in the context of games.
Beta Test
- A beta test involves releasing an early version of a product to a limited user group.
Attention
- Attention refers to the selection process of focusing on specific elements within a range of possibilities.
Title Bar
- The application's title bar displays the name of the document.
Field Study
- Field Studies are valuable for understanding how people use products in real-world environments.
Undo Feature
- The undo feature allows users to reverse previous actions.
Homepage
- The homepage is a unique page with specific responsibilities and promises to fulfill.
DECIDE Framework
- The DECIDE framework recommends defining study goals and questions before choosing techniques.
Error Messages
- Error messages are conventionally used to inform users about mistakes they have made.
HCI
- HCI encompasses the design, evaluation, and implementation of interactive systems.
Frequency of Access
- The less frequently users access a site, the more transient its posture should be, prioritizing clear navigation.
User Interface Design
- User interface design incorporates aesthetic considerations within a functional framework.
Focused Attention
- Focused attention occurs when one selectively focuses on a particular stimulus, for example, listening intently during a conversation.
Divided Attention
- Divided attention involves attending to multiple stimuli simultaneously, such as driving while conversing with a passenger.
Constraints
- Constraints restrict the use of an object, minimizing errors and reducing the information to be remembered.
Pull Down Menus
- Pull-down menus are accessed by moving the mouse pointer over the menu title and clicking.
Tactical Aspects
- Tactical aspects provide guidance on creating common user interface elements like dialog boxes and pushbuttons.
Usability Engineering Lifecycle
- The Usability Engineering lifecycle was proposed by Deborah Mayhew in 1999.
Analytic and Synthetic Modes
- Analytic mode and synthetic mode are two distinct modes of activity in interface design.
Skeleton
- The skeleton of a website is a concrete manifestation of the abstract site structure.
Buttons
- Buttons are independent regions on the display that users can select to trigger specific actions.
Redo Feature
- The redo function emerged from the implementation model for the undo feature.
Software Project Cost Exceeds
- Around 63% of software projects exceed their cost estimates.
- Major contributing factors include:
- Frequent user-requested changes.
- Overlooked tasks.
- Users' lack of understanding of their own requirements.
- Inadequate communication and understanding between users and analysts.
Lost Sales Due to Navigation
- Approximately 50% of potential sales are lost on sites because users cannot find the products they are looking for.
Human Eye Sensitivity
- The human eye is highly sensitive to light.
Top of Web Page
- The top of a web page often contains the menu and the title bar.
Implicitly Place Document
- Users can explicitly request to place a document within the file system hierarchy using menu options.
Taking Notes
- Taking notes is a less technical method of data collection, but it can be demanding to both write and observe simultaneously.
Page Header
- Every page within a website should include a brief header accurately describing the page's content.
Persona-Based Design
- The five-step process for defining requirements through persona-based design includes:
- Creating a problem and vision statement.
- Brainstorming.
- Identifying persona expectations.
- Constructing a context scenario.
- Identifying needs.
Affordances
- Affordances provide cues about how objects can be used, guiding user interaction.
VCR Tape Loading
- The correct way to load a VCR tape is determined by affordances, providing visual cues about the tape's intended placement.
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