Solved MCQs - CS508 Modern Programming

Solved MCQs - CS508 Modern Programming

• Discriminate Types (Question 1): Ada discriminate types are similar to C/C++ pointers.

• ALGOL60 Block Structure (Question 2): The block structure feature of ALGOL60 has local scope.

• Ada Features (Question 3): Unlike C/C++, Ada can have functions/procedures, objects, and events within functions/procedures, along with parameters.

• Decimal Fixed Point (Question 4): In Decimal fixed point type, distance between values is implemented as a power of 2.

• Function Return Statement (Question 5): Functions must have at least one return statement; procedures do not require return statements. The return statement's expression must match the function's declared return type.

• Tagged Type Parameters (Question 6): Operations must have one of their parameters as the tagged type.

• Understanding Implementation Issues (Question 7): Understanding implementation issues leads to a better understanding of why languages are designed the way they are.

Additional MCQs

• Efficient Processor/Memory Use (Question 8): LISP has efficient use of processor and memory.

• Readability Concerns (Question 9): Overloading, statements like break/continue, and case statements are harmful when readability is a concern.

• High Generality (Question 10): A language used for a wide domain of applications has higher generality.

• Imperative Language Origin (Question 11): Imperative programming languages are a direct result of Charles Babbage's engine (and subsequent architectures), logic and list program languages, and Von Neumann architecture.

• SNOBOL Variable Length (Question 13): Variable names in SNOBOL may not exceed 120 characters.

• SNOBOL Space Usage (Question 14): In SNOBOL, the first space is for concatenation and the second is for pattern matching operations.

• Common Programming Language (Question 15): Today, about 50% of coding is in C.

• Table Indexing (Question 16): Tables in SNOBOL can be indexed by number and/or key, or both.

• SNOBOL Readability and Writability (Question 17): SNOBOL has poor readability but good writability.

• LISP Top Level Elements (Question 18): The first-level elements in LISP are called top-level elements.

• LISP User Defined Functions (Question 19): Use the defun keyword in LISP to write user-defined functions.

• LISP Loop Similarity (Question 20): LISP's do-time loop functions similarly to Ada's while loop statements.

• SNOBOL Dot Operator (Question 21): The dot operator (.) is a unary operator in SNOBOL.

• SNOBOL GOTO (Question 22): The GOTO statement in SNOBOL is implicit.

• LISP List Element (Question 23): The first argument is the first element of a LISP list. A LISP list's first argument can be an atom or another LISP list.

• LISP Function Notation (Question 24): Functions in LISP are in prefix notation.

• Global Variable Side Effects (Question 25): LISP may change global variables as a side effect.

• LISP Extensive Use (Question 26): In LISP, we extensively use recursion.

• Distributed Computing Language (Question 28): CORBA is designed for distributed computing architecture.

• Ada Records (Question 30): Ada records are similar to C/C++ structures, accessed using the (.) dot operator.

• Exception Handling (Question 31): Ada supports creating your own exceptions.

• Language Reliability (Question 32): A reliable language does not create errors during execution.

• Portability Relation (Question 34): Portability is directly related to Readability & Simplicity

• Conditional Control Transfer (Question 35): Conditional control transfer led to the concept of reusable code blocks.

• FORTRAN-IV Features (Question 36): Procedural programming languages like FORTRAN-IV did not support features for structured programming, explicit data types or passing subprograms as parameters.

• Language Character Limit (Question 37): The maximum length of a variable name in SNOBOL is 120 characters.

• SNOBOL Character Recognition (Question 38): SNoBOL developers are computer scientists by specialization/training.

• SNOBOL Sensitivity (Question 39): SNOBOL is sensitive to the case of variable names (e.g., myVariable is different from myvariable).

• Early Computer Language (Question 40): The earliest electronic computer language was physical.

• First High-Level Language (Question 41): FORTRAN is the first High Level Language.

• Portable Language Design Factors (Question 42): Factors influencing portablility are Computer Architecture, Readability, and required Programmer time.

• Software Maintenance (Question 43): Windows XP is concerned with software maintenance concerns because reduced maintenance costs will reduce the overall software costs.

• Orthogonal Language (Question 44): More orthogonal languages are usually more readable, writtable, and portable in usage.

• Complex Software Requirements (Question 45): Increasing hardware cost and decreasing software costs led to more complex software requiring support for software engineering in programming languages.

• Design Purpose of COBOL (Question 46): COBOL is typically designed for business applications.

• Pointer Data Type Language (Question 47): PL/I was the first language that provided pointer data types.

• SNOBOL Line Continuation (Question 48): A plus (+) sign is used for line continuation in SNOBOL.

• Earliest Computer (Question 49): ENIAC was the first electronic computer.

• SNOBOL Colon (Question 50): The colon (:) in SNOBOL is used to indicate line continuation.

• Programming Language Study Reasoning (Question 51): increased capability to learn new languages was a reason for the study of programming.

• Programming Languages with Concepts(Question 52): C++, JAVA, and their derivatives are object oriented programming languages.

• Importance of Implementation Details in Learning (Question 54): Learning implementation details helps a programmer to find and fix bugs.

• Language Learning Curve (Question 55): The learning curve is directly proportional to the number of basic components of a language.

• Binary Operator Spaces (Question 56): Binary operators in SNOBOL4 require at least two spaces on either side.

• Programming Language Paradigm (Question 57): PROLOG uses a declarative approach as a programming paradigm.

• First Object-Oriented Language (Question 58): Simula 67 was the first object oriented programming language.

• Programming Language Motivation (Question 59): everything for everybody was the motive behind one language or programming philosophy's creation.

• COBOL Data Structures (Question 60): COBOL introduced hierarchical data structures like records and nested selection statements.

• Aliasing Mechanisms (Question 61): Pointers, arrays, and linked lists are associated with aliasing.

• SNOBOL Purpose (Question 62): SNOBOL was designed for string manipulation.

• SNOBOL Space Character use (Question 63): A space in SNOBOL was used for concatenation.

• Software Evaluation Factors (Question 64): Portability, Writability, Readability, and Modularity (or a combination of multiple factors) affect evaluating programming language effectiveness.

• Learning Multiple Languages (Question 65): Learning multiple programming languages improves capacity to express a programming concept.

• Programming Language Multiple Referencing Variables (Question 66): A language that allows multiple ways to reference a variable is implementing an aliasing capability.

• Immediate Assignment Sign (Question 67): * sign is typically used for immediate assignment operations.

• Algorithm Descriptive Language (Question 68): FORTRAN was good describing algorithms.

• New Language Learning (Question 69): Helping to choose a language for a specific development application is a valid goal for understanding languages.

• Simpler Language Qualities (Question 70): If a language is complex but simple to use, it is likely the readability will increase; if the language is too simple, the opposite may be true.

• LISP Purpose (Question 71): LISP was primarily developed for Artificial Intelligence and related areas of study.

• Smalltalk Language Focus (Question 72): Smalltalk was one of the first pure object-oriented programming languages.

• Indirect Referencing in SNOBOL (Question 73): In SNOBOL, an indirect reference uses the $ operator.

• SIZE/REPLACE Functions (Question 74): SIZE and REPLACE functions are primitive functions in SNOBOL.

• Language Reliability Characteristics (Question 75): The concept of a robust language includes type checking, boundary checks, exception handling and a well-documented language development environment.

• PHP and Other Scripting Languages (Question 76): in JavaScript is used as a middle-layer between a database and client-side applications, often in web browser contexts.

• 唯一控制结构 (Question 77): The only control structure in SNOBOL is the if-else statement.

• Array Storage Order (Question 78): Two-dimensional arrays are typically stored column-wise in languages such as FORTRAN

• First High-Level Language (Question 79): FORTRAN is considered to be the first high-level programming language.

• **Meaningful Language Development (Question 80):**SNOBOL was important because it was one of the first steps towards the more complex languages we see today.

• Standardized Language (Question 81): Ada 95 is a standardized programming language, and is an extension of its predecessor Ada 83.

• Fixed Point Representation (Question 82): In ordinary fixed point types, the distance between values is implemented as a power of two.

• Operator Overloading Impact (Question 83): Operator overloading can improve writability but decreases readability

• Language Evaluation Factor (Question 84): Factors not related to language effectiveness that should not be used as evaluation criteria are orthogonal, readability, and writability, and aliasing (these factors are related to effectiveness and suitability).

• C Programming Language Features (Question 85): C programming is a language related to string manipulation, provides exception handling, includes a comprehensive toolkit of operators, and does not use objects or classes.

• SNOBOL Operators (Question 86): Unary and binary operations in SNOBOL are both right associative.

• Arithmetic Language (Question 87): Space, string, character are the different arithmetic expression types (or operators) in SNOBOL.

• Indirect Reference Operator (Question 88): The . (dot) operator is used for indirect referencing in SNOBOL.

• Program Function Structure (Question 89): LISP uses a structured approach to functional programming to represent program structure as functions.

• Dynamic Typing (Question 90): LISP is one of the first programming languages that introduced the concept of dynamic typing, allowing flexible data types for variables.

• Preventing Symbol Evaluation (Question 91): The quote symbol in LISP prevents a symbol from being evaluated immediately.

• Ada Composite Type (Question 92): Arrays are a composite data type in Ada.