N2030 Exam 3 Study Guide: Physical Assessment Topics

Hernias = Abnormal protrusion of the bowel through a weakening in the abdominal muscles Bladder prolapse = Condition where the pelvic floor muscles and ligaments weaken resulting in the bladder dropping Rectocele = Hernia of the rectum Perineum = In females the area between the anus and vagina; in men the area between the anus and scrotum

Testicular Self-Exam = Inspecting the testicles looking for any lumps, swelling, or anything unusual Genitalia Self-Exam = Instruct anyone who is sexually active to look at all regions of genitalia and educate them on signs/symptoms of STIs Barlow-Ortolani maneuver = Assess hip stability in newborns Syndactyl & polydactyl = Syndactyl refers to conjoined webbed fingers or toes; Polydactyl means having extra toes or fingers

Symmetry = Everything is evenly proportioned or balanced Asymmetry = Means something may not be normal or unproportioned, uneven (facial drooping, lesion) Bilateral = Means on both sides Unilateral = Means on one side

Kyphosis = Excess outward curvature of the spine causing hunching of the back Gibbus = More severe kyphosis (boomerang shape to upper hunch back) Lordosis = Abnormal anterior curvature of the lumbar spine causing a sway Scoliosis = S curvature in the spine

Genu Valgum = Knock knees Genu Varum = Bow legged

Pes valgus = Toes point out Pes planus = Flat feet Pes cavus = Abnormally high arch of the foot Pes varus = Toes point in

Range of Motion = All types of movements for all different joints TMJ assessment = Involves opening/closing mouth, moving jaw laterally, protruding and retracting jaw

Bone density = Calcium and vitamin D

Osteoarthritis = Progressive degenerative joint disease with loss of articular cartilage. Pain areas in hips, hands, knees, lower back Rheumatoid arthritis = Autoimmune disease causing joint inflammation and deformities, especially in the hands

Perineum = Area between the anus and the scrotum or vulva Testicular Self-Exam = Self-check procedure to detect early signs of testicular cancer Hernias = Protrusion of an organ through the wall of the cavity that normally contains it Bladder Prolapse = Dropping of the bladder into the vagina

Lower body weight, denial of hunger, fixation with food preparation = Anorexia nervosa Tenderness/swelling in more than one joint, weakness, physical deformities = Rheumatoid arthritis Back pain, stooped posture, bones that break easily = Osteoporosis Tingling and burning along nerve distribution, pain from flexed wrists pressing together = Tinel sign; Phalen sign

Binge eating then purging = Bulimia nervosa Chronic inflammatory disease attacking body's own tissue = Rheumatoid arthritis Protrusion of an organ through wall of the cavity = Hernias Weak and brittle bones due to imbalance in bone creation and removal = Osteoporosis

Direct percussion producing tingling and burning along nerve distribution = Tinel sign Obsession about weight and food intake, altered body image = Anorexia nervosa Involves self-check procedure to detect testicular cancer early on = Testicular Self-Exam Dropping of bladder into vaginal canal = Bladder Prolapse

Perineum = The area between the anus and the scrotum in the male or between the anus and the vulva in the female Testicular Self-Exam = A self-examination of the testicles to check for lumps, swelling, or other abnormalities Hernias = A condition where an organ pushes through an opening in the muscle or tissue that holds it in place Bladder prolapse = A condition where the bladder drops down into the vagina

BMI = A measure of body weight relative to height Rectocele = A condition where the rectum bulges into the back wall of the vagina Waist/hip circumference = A method for assessing fat distribution Apple/Pear Shape = Describes different body types based on weight distribution

Carbs = One of the six nutritional groups of foods Vitamins = One of the six nutritional groups of foods Minerals = One of the six nutritional groups of foods Proteins = One of the six nutritional groups of foods

MyPlate Food Guide = Emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins on your plate Move to low fat or fat free dairy/milk products = Part of MyPlate Food Guide recommendation Make half your grains whole grains = Part of MyPlate Food Guide recommendation Vary your protein = Part of MyPlate Food Guide recommendation

Excessively exercising = Behavior associated with consuming an unusually large amount of food in a short period of time Fasting = Behavior associated with consuming an unusually large amount of food in a short period of time Using laxatives = Behavior associated with consuming an unusually large amount of food in a short period of time Hiding food = Behavior associated with consuming an unusually large amount of food in a short period of time