N2030 Exam 3 Study Guide: Ch 7-23 Review

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Define perineum in females and in men.

In females, the perineum is the area between the anus and vagina. In men, it is the area between the anus and scrotum.

What is a rectocele?

A rectocele is a hernia of the rectum.

Explain the significance of symmetry vs. asymmetry in a physical examination.

Symmetry indicates everything is evenly balanced, while asymmetry may suggest something abnormal or unproportioned.

What is the purpose of a testicular self-exam?

The purpose of a testicular self-exam is to inspect the testicles looking for any lumps, swelling, or abnormalities. Signup and view all the answers

What are the common symptoms of anorexia nervosa?

Lower body weight, denial of hunger, excessive physical activity, extreme fear of becoming fat, altered body image, fixation with food preparation Signup and view all the answers

Describe the Tinel sign in relation to carpal tunnel syndrome.

Direct percussion of the median nerve at the wrist produces tingling and burning along distribution. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of bulimia nervosa?

Binge eating followed by purging Signup and view all the answers

What are the typical symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis?

Tenderness/swelling in more than one joint, weight loss, weakness, lumps, physical deformities, sensation of pins and needles Signup and view all the answers

How does osteoporosis affect bones?

Bones become weak and brittle Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of performing a testicular self-exam?

To check for any abnormalities or lumps in the testicles Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Phalen sign in diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome?

Pain elicited from flexed wrists pressing together for 1 minute Signup and view all the answers

How do weight-bearing exercises benefit osteoporosis patients?

Help in maintaining bone density and strength Signup and view all the answers

Describe the symptoms of someone with an eating disorder involving consuming an unusually large amount of food in a short period of time.

Binge eating, use of laxatives, hiding food, fasting, excessively exercising Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a 24-hour diet recall?

To obtain a quick and simple way to gather food history; patient lists all foods, beverages, meals, snacks consumed over the past 24 hours with fluids. Signup and view all the answers

List the six nutritional groups of foods.

Carbs, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, water Signup and view all the answers

Explain the difference between Apple and Pear shape in the context of body fat distribution.

Apple shape refers to weight gain in the abdomen (more dangerous), while Pear shape describes weight gain in hips, thighs, and butt. Signup and view all the answers

What are the key recommendations of the MyPlate Food Guide?

Make half your plate fruits and vegetables, make half your grains whole grains, vary your protein, choose low-fat or fat-free dairy products. Signup and view all the answers

What is kyphosis and what does it cause?

Kyphosis is excess outward curvature of the spine causing hunching of the back. Signup and view all the answers

Define lordosis and its impact on the lumbar spine.

Lordosis is an abnormal anterior curvature of the lumbar spine causing a sway. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between genu valgum and genu varum?

Valgum is knock knees, while varum is bow legged. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the term Pes valgus and Pes planus.

Pes valgus is when toes point out, Pes planus refers to flat feet. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis?

Osteoarthritis is a progressive degenerative joint disease, while rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune condition. Signup and view all the answers

Describe how to assess the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

Assessment includes opening/closing mouth, moving jaw laterally, protruding and retracting jaw, and testing temporal muscles. Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended nutrition for promoting good bone density?

Calcium and vitamin D. Signup and view all the answers

Explain what gibbus and scoliosis are.

Gibbus is a severe kyphosis with a boomerang shape to the upper back, while scoliosis is an S-curve in the spine. Signup and view all the answers

What are the signs and symptoms of pes cavus and pes varus?

Pes cavus is an abnormally high arch of the foot, while pes varus is when toes point in. Signup and view all the answers