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Questions and Answers

What describes a Myocardial Infarction?

  • Sudden, tearing pain that radiates to the back
  • Chest pain relieved by sitting up and leaning forward
  • Sudden onset of pleuritic chest pain with shortness of breath, often in a patient with risk factors for deep vein thrombosis
  • Sudden, sharp chest pain with decreased breath sounds on one side
  • Crushing, substernal pain with radiation to the left arm or jaw (correct)

Describe Pericarditis

  • Sudden, tearing pain that radiates to the back
  • Chest pain relieved by sitting up and leaning forward (correct)
  • Sudden onset of pleuritic chest pain with shortness of breath, often in a patient with risk factors for deep vein thrombosis
  • Sudden, sharp chest pain with decreased breath sounds on one side
  • Crushing, substernal pain with radiation to the left arm or jaw

Describe Aortic dissection

  • Sudden, tearing pain that radiates to the back (correct)
  • Chest pain relieved by sitting up and leaning forward
  • Sudden onset of pleuritic chest pain with shortness of breath, often in a patient with risk factors for deep vein thrombosis
  • Sudden, sharp chest pain with decreased breath sounds on one side
  • Crushing, substernal pain with radiation to the left arm or jaw

Describe Pulmonary Embolism

<p>Sudden onset of pleuritic chest pain with shortness of breath, often in a patient with risk factors for deep vein thrombosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe Pneumothorax

<p>Sudden, sharp chest pain with decreased breath sounds on one side (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hypertension (Changeable or Not Changeable)

<p>Changeable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Diabetes (Changeable or Not Changeable)

<p>Changeable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Family history of heart diseases (Changeable or Not Changeable)

<p>Not Changeable (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hyperlipidemia(Changeable or Not Changeable)

<p>Changeable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Smoking

<p>Changeable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Age

<p>Not Changeable (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Gender

<p>Not Changeable (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors directly influences blood pressure?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Normal Saline or Lactated ringers affect blood pressure?

<p>Provides intravascular volume expansion, increasing BP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Epinephrine affect blood pressure?

<p>Increases vascular resistance and heart rate, raising BP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Nitroglycerin affect blood pressure?

<p>Causes vasodilation and can reduce preload, lowering BP (@)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Fentanyl affect blood pressure?

<p>Can cause mild hypotension due to vasodilation and reduced pain response (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does TCP affect blood pressure? (Pacing)

<p>Increases cardiac output and increases BP (@)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does CPAP affect blood pressure?

<p>Can improve oxygenation but may reduce BP by decreasing preload (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct sequence of electrical conduction through the heart?

<p>SA node → AV node → Bundle of His → Right and left bundle branches → Purkinje fibers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Inotropy?

<p>The force or strength of contraction of the myocardium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Chronotropy?

<p>The rate at which the heart beats (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Dromotropy?

<p>The speed at which electrical impulses travel through the conduction system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Automaticity?

<p>The ability of a cell to depolarize and generate an action potential without external stimulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is All or Nothing Response?

<p>The principle that cardiac muscle fibers will either fully contract or not at all once a threshold is reached (@)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Stemi mimic: Pericarditis

<p>Global ST elevation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Stemi Mimic: Paced Rhythms

<p>Has a spike or a mark (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Stemi Mimic: LBBB

<p>Is identified in V1 or V2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Stemi Mimic: Benign Early Repolarization

<p>Ventricles reset early (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Stemi Mimic: Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

<p>35 and 35 rule (@)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is not part of Scarbossas Criteria?

<p>Concordant ST depression in any lead (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bundle branch blocks are identified in leads V3 and V4

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What leads correlate to the Left Circumflex?

<p>V5,V6,1,Avl (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What leads correlate to Right Coronary Artery?

<p>II, III, avf (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What leads correlate to Posterior Descending?

<p>V7,V8,V9 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What leads correlate to Left Anterior Descending?

<p>V1-V4 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What 12 leads are reciprocal to leads II, III, and avf?

<p>I and avl (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

ST elevation in which leads would most indicate MI is involving the anterior wall of the heart?

<p>V3 and V4 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the rhythm: Regular, 160, Unstable to determine waves, unable to determine PRI, narrow QRS.

<p>A Flutter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In lead II, where is the negative electrode placed?

<p>Right arm, and the positive electrode is placed on the left leg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The time in the cardiac cycle when a strong stimulus may produce depolarization is called the ______ refractory.

<p>Relative (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Leads 1,2,3 form

<p>Einthoven's Triangle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The most common complication of myocardial infarction is/are

<p>arrhythmias (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the intrinsic discharge rate for the AV node?

<p>40 to 60 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about angina pectoris is true?

<p>It results from underlying coronary artery disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the most recent science of cardiac arrest, which of the following statements is correct?

<p>Circulation has priority over breathing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major difference between stable and unstable angina?

<p>Occurs at rest (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Your patient's ECG shows a broad S wave in lead I and an R-S-R prime complex in lead V1

<p>Right Bundle Branch Block (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Lub or S1 heart sound is caused by?

<p>Closure of the AV valves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

About 80% of Ventricular filling occurs

<p>During diastole (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Atrial kick is most accurately defined as:

<p>20% of the ventricular filling caused by atrial contraction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes SVT?

<p>Two thumbs up conduction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'V Tach' refer to in medical terminology?

<p>Negative Conduction, two thumbs down (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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