Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Disorders
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Questions and Answers

What is the characteristic of megakaryoblasts in Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia?

  • Positive for MPO
  • Lack of MPO (correct)
  • Hypercellular bone marrow with normal maturation
  • Increased tyrosine kinase activity

What is the age range for Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia associated with Down syndrome?

  • Between 20-40 years
  • Before the age of 5 (correct)
  • Before the age of 10
  • After the age of 60

What is the primary complication of Myelodysplastic Syndromes?

  • Infection or bleeding (correct)
  • Hyperuricemia and gout
  • Transformation to acute leukemia
  • Marrow fibrosis

What is the characteristic of bone marrow in Myelodysplastic Syndromes?

<p>Hypercellular with abnormal maturation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary driver of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)?

<p>t(9;22) translocation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first line treatment for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)?

<p>Imatinib (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of the bone marrow in Myelodysplastic Syndromes?

<p>Hypercellularity or normocellularity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of Myelodysplastic Syndromes cases that progress to Acute Myeloid Leukemia?

<p>10% to 40% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a chronically enlarged spleen that removes excessive numbers of formed blood elements, leading to anemia, leukopenia, or thrombocytopenia?

<p>Hypersplenism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical appearance of megakaryocytes in Myelodysplastic Syndromes?

<p>Small with single small nuclei (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary defect in Myelodysplastic Syndromes?

<p>Maturation defects in hematopoiesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a group of clonal stem cell disorders characterized by maturation defects and ineffective hematopoiesis?

<p>Myelodysplastic Syndromes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of myeloproliferative neoplasms?

<p>Dysregulated growth with increased formed elements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average age of onset for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)?

<p>50-60 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the hallmark of Auer rod AML?

<p>Crystal aggregates of myeloperoxidase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the genetic abnormality associated with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL)?

<p>t(15;17) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL)?

<p>All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of acute monocytic leukemia?

<p>Infiltration of the gums (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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