Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is the gold standard antifungal treatment?
Which of the following is the gold standard antifungal treatment?
What is the primary mode of acquisition for histoplasmosis?
What is the primary mode of acquisition for histoplasmosis?
Coccidiomycosis is primarily found in which geographic locations?
Coccidiomycosis is primarily found in which geographic locations?
What type of fungi primarily affects individuals with compromised immunity?
What type of fungi primarily affects individuals with compromised immunity?
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Which of the following is NOT a clinical manifestation of mycoses?
Which of the following is NOT a clinical manifestation of mycoses?
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Study Notes
Mycoses
- Ubiquitous, acquired via inhalation, trauma, or ingestion
- Three clinical manifestations: fungal infections, fungal toxicoses, allergies
- Antifungal therapies are often difficult, with amphotericin B as a standard treatment
- Systemic mycoses include histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, and paracoccidioidomycosis
Histoplasmosis
- Primarily caused by inhaling spores of Histoplasma capsulatum
- Macrophages phagocytize the fungus, spreading it throughout the body's lymph and blood
- Often resolves without treatment
Blastomycosis
- Primarily affects the moist, decaying organic matter
- Can involve bone and joints (osteoarticular blastomycosis)
- Often affects the Southwestern U.S. and Northern Mexico.
Coccidioidomycosis
- Primarily found in Southwestern U.S. and Northern Mexico
- Found in desert soil, and archeological remains.
- Primarily a concern for immunocompromised individuals
Fungal Infections: Opportunistic Fungi
- Infections are limited to individuals with weakened immune systems
- Pneumocystis jirovecii (PCP) is an example of an opportunistic fungus common among individuals with AIDS and exposure prior to age 5.
- Candidiasis infections such as thrush (oral candiasis) or vaginal candidiasis can be transmitted between individuals
- Treatment of fungal infections in immunocompromised individuals can be challenging due to a compromised immune response. Antifungal medications can select for resistant strains
- Dermatophytes cause ringworm infections that affect the skin, hair, and nails, and spread from person to person.
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Description
This quiz delves into various mycoses, their transmission, clinical manifestations, and treatment options. It covers systemic mycoses such as histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, and coccidioidomycosis, discussing their origins and effects on human health.
