Mycology and Virology: Influenza Virus

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What is the characteristic of the influenza virus envelope?

It is always pleomorphic

It is affected by the host's immune system

It changes but the internal structure is always spherical (correct)

It remains constant

What is the primary site of infection for the influenza virus?

Gastrointestinal tract

Nose, throat, and lungs (correct)

Skin and mucous membranes

Central nervous system

What was the name of the 1918 pandemic caused by the H1N1 virus?

Asian Flu

The Spanish Flu (correct)

Russian Flu

Hong Kong Flu

What is the classification of the influenza virus?

Enveloped RNA virus Signup and view all the answers

What is the frequency of occurrence of influenza?

All year long Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the internal structure of the influenza virus?

Spherical Signup and view all the answers

What was the age restriction of the 1977 pandemic caused by the Russian Flu?

Children and juveniles only Signup and view all the answers

What is the frequency of influenza occurrence in the 20th century?

Sporadic, Epidemic, and Pandemic Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of the 1957 pandemic caused by the Asian Influenza?

H2N2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the target organ system of the influenza virus?

Respiratory system Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the rubella virus?

Single-stranded RNA virus Signup and view all the answers

How is the rubella virus transmitted?

Through respiratory droplets Signup and view all the answers

What is the incubation period of postnatal rubella?

12 days or more Signup and view all the answers

What happens after 7-9 days of rubella virus infection?

Viremia develops Signup and view all the answers

What is the only known host of the rubella virus?

Humans only Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the reticuloendothelial system in the context of measles virus infection?

To filter blood and harbor immune cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the measles virus during the secondary viremia?

It replicates rapidly Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical site of measles virus infection, where the initial symptoms appear?

Respiratory tract Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of diagnosing measles virus infection?

RT-PCR Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the measles vaccine?

It is a combination vaccine (MMR) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the Warthin-Finkeldey giant cell in measles infection?

It has a multinucleated giant cell with intranuclear inclusion Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of measles infection are patients most contagious?

Prodromal phase Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common complication of measles infection?

Otitis media Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of Koplik spots in measles infection?

They resemble grains of salt on a red base Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common method of laboratory diagnosis of measles infection?

RT-PCR Signup and view all the answers

What is the sequence of the rash manifestation in rubella?

Face → Trunk and extremities Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of rubella virus infection on fetal development?

Disruption of vitamin A metabolism Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of retinoic acid in fetal development?

It plays a crucial role in fetal development Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of cholestasis in rubella infection?

Spillage of retinoic acids in the bile Signup and view all the answers

When is the highest risk for Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) in the developing fetus?

During the first trimester Signup and view all the answers