10 Questions
Caused by the acid-fast bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis
anti-tuberculars
was the first drug used in the treatment of TB disease
streptomycin
in -, -began to see widespread use in the treatment of TB disease and was felt to be a -
1952, isoniazid (INH), wonder drug
are drugs to prevent TB disease in individuals with latent TB infection
Prophylactic antitubercular
antituberculars are divided into two categories
first-line drugs that form the core of treatment regimens, treatment of drug-resistant TB.
those drugs chosen first, such as INH, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol —are considered more effective and less toxic than drugs used in the treatment of drug-resistant TB.
first-line drugs
turns body fluids orange, and soft contact lenses may be permanently discolored. It may also cause thrombocytopenia and GI intolerance
Rifampin
may develop dizziness, confusion, hallucinations, and joint pain
ethambutol
may lead to many adverse effects such as ototoxicity, optic nerve toxicity, encephalopathy, angioedema, central nervous system.
streptomycin
may also be called mycosis, tinea, or candidiasis
fungus
Study Notes
Tuberculosis (TB)
- Caused by the acid-fast bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis
History of TB Treatment
- Streptomycin was the first drug used in the treatment of TB disease
- Began to see widespread use in the treatment of TB disease in the 1940s
- Felt to be a major breakthrough in the treatment of TB disease
Preventing TB Disease
- Isoniazid (INH) and other antituberculars are used to prevent TB disease in individuals with latent TB infection
Categories of Antituberculars
- Divided into two categories:
- First-line drugs: INH, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol, considered more effective and less toxic
- Second-line drugs: used in the treatment of drug-resistant TB
Rifampin
- Turns body fluids orange
- May permanently discolore soft contact lenses
- May cause thrombocytopenia and GI intolerance
Isoniazid (INH)
- May cause dizziness, confusion, hallucinations, and joint pain
Ethambutol
- May lead to many adverse effects, including:
- Ototoxicity
- Optic nerve toxicity
- Encephalopathy
- Angioedema
- Central nervous system effects
Fungal Infections
- May also be called mycosis, tinea, or candidiasis
Test your knowledge on the bacterium that causes tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Learn about its characteristics, effects, and more. Identify the key features of this acid-fast bacillus and its role in the disease.
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